We report on measurements of an elementary surface mode in an ultracold, strongly interacting Fermi gas of $^{6}\mathrm{Li}$ atoms. The radial quadrupole mode allows us to probe hydrodynamic behavior in the crossover from Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) to the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) regime without being influenced by changes in the equation of state. We examine the frequency and damping of this mode, along with its expansion dynamics. In the unitarity limit and on the BEC side of the resonance, the observed frequencies agree with standard hydrodynamic theory. However, on the BCS side of the crossover, a striking downshift of the oscillation frequency is observed in the hydrodynamic regime as a precursor to an abrupt transition to collisionless behavior; this indicates coupling of the oscillation to fermionic pairs.We report on measurements of an elementary surface mode in an ultracold, strongly interacting Fermi gas of $^{6}\mathrm{Li}$ atoms. The radial quadrupole mode allows us to probe hydrodynamic behavior in the crossover from Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) to the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) regime without being influenced by changes in the equation of state. We examine the frequency and damping of this mode, along with its expansion dynamics. In the unitarity limit and on the BEC side of the resonance, the observed frequencies agree with standard hydrodynamic theory. However, on the BCS side of the crossover, a striking downshift of the oscillation frequency is observed in the hydrodynamic regime as a precursor to an abrupt transition to collisionless behavior; this indicates coupling of the oscillation to fermionic pairs.

arXiv:0704.3366Physical Review ASep 18, 200765 citations

Adiabatic dynamics of low-lying collective modes in the BEC-BCS crossover

Jiang Min-xi

Aug 1, 20110 citations

Comment on “Collective Excitations of a Degenerate Gas at the BEC-BCS Crossover”

R. Combescot, X. Leyronas

Very recent experiments have studied for the first time collective excitations of an ultracold $^6$ Li gas covering in particular the BEC-BCS crossover domain. We point out that the results for the axial mode, through hydrodynamics, give direct access to the (3D) equation of state of the strongly interacting gas, mostly near the unitarity limit. On the other hand the surprising results found for the radial mode are actually not necessarily in contradiction with the expectations from superfluid hydrodynamics.Very recent experiments have studied for the first time collective excitations of an ultracold $^6$Li gas covering in particular the BEC-BCS crossover domain. We point out that the results for the axial mode, through hydrodynamics, give direct access to the (3D) equation of state of the strongly interacting gas, mostly near the unitarity limit. On the other hand the surprising results found for the radial mode are actually not necessarily in contradiction with the expectations from superfluid hydrodynamics.

arXiv:cond-mat/0405146Physical Review LettersSep 20, 200434 citations

Collective modes of a Fermi superfluid containing vortices along the BEC-BCS crossover

Tarun Kanti Ghosh, Kazushige Machida

Using the coarse-grain averaged hydrodynamic approach, we calculate all low energy transverse excitation spectrum of a rotating Fermi superfluid containing vortex lattices for all regimes along the Bose-Einstein condensate--Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BEC-BCS) crossover. In the fast rotating regime, the molecular BEC enters into the lowest Landau level, but the superfluid in the unitarity and the BCS regimes occupies many low-lying Landau levels. The difference between the breathing mode frequencies at the BEC and unitarity limit shrinks to zero as the rotation speed approaches the radial trap frequency, in contrast to the finite difference in the nonrotating systems.Using the coarse-grain averaged hydrodynamic approach, we calculate all low energy transverse excitation spectrum of a rotating Fermi superfluid containing vortex lattices for all regimes along the Bose-Einstein condensate--Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BEC-BCS) crossover. In the fast rotating regime, the molecular BEC enters into the lowest Landau level, but the superfluid in the unitarity and the BCS regimes occupies many low-lying Landau levels. The difference between the breathing mode frequencies at the BEC and unitarity limit shrinks to zero as the rotation speed approaches the radial trap frequency, in contrast to the finite difference in the nonrotating systems.

arXiv:cond-mat/0510721Physical Review AFeb 6, 20068 citations

Single particle excitations in the BCS-BEC crossover region

Yoji Ohashi

Bulletin of the American Physical SocietyMar 23, 20050 citations

We report on measurements of an elementary surface mode in an ultracold, strongly interacting Fermi gas of

^{6}\mathrm{Li}

atoms. The radial quadrupole mode allows us to probe hydrodynamic behavior in the crossover from Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) to the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) regime without being influenced by changes in the equation of state. We examine the frequency and damping of this mode, along with its expansion dynamics. In the unitarity limit and on the BEC side of the resonance, the observed frequencies agree with standard hydrodynamic theory. However, on the BCS side of the crossover, a striking downshift of the oscillation frequency is observed in the hydrodynamic regime as a precursor to an abrupt transition to collisionless behavior; this indicates coupling of the oscillation to fermionic pairs.

Very recent experiments have studied for the first time collective excitations of an ultracold

^6

Li gas covering in particular the BEC-BCS crossover domain. We point out that the results for the axial mode, through hydrodynamics, give direct access to the (3D) equation of state of the strongly interacting gas, mostly near the unitarity limit. On the other hand the surprising results found for the radial mode are actually not necessarily in contradiction with the expectations from superfluid hydrodynamics.