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Boston studies in the philosophy of science

On the Isolated and Adiabatic Susceptibilities [1961c]

Robert S. Cohen, John J. Stachel

Published Jan 1, 1979• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/978-94-009-9349-5_54

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We examine how the magnetic susceptibility obtained by the quench experiment on isolated quantum systems is related to the isothermal and adiabatic susceptibilities defined in thermodynamics. Under the conditions similar to the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis, together with some additional natural ones, we prove that for translationally invariant systems the quench susceptibility as a function of wave vector k is discontinuous at k=0. Moreover, its values at k=0 and the k→0 limit coincide with the adiabatic and the isothermal susceptibilities, respectively. We give numerical predictions on how these particular behaviors can be observed in experiments on the XYZ spin chain with tunable parameters, and how they deviate when the conditions are not fully satisfied.
The static limit of the Kubo susceptibility describes the adiabatic response of an isolated quantum system, in which energy-level occupations remain unchanged, and generally differs from the isothermal susceptibility, where these occupations readjust to thermal equilibrium. In this work, we introduce a single dynamical framework in which the adiabatic and isothermal responses arise naturally as two distinct limiting regimes. This can be done by considering explicitly an open system version of the Kubo approach in which the dissipation is governed by a typical thermalization rate of the system. By exchanging the order of the static limit and of the vanishing thermalization rate limit, the protocol yields either the adiabatic or isothermal response. This protocol has a solid physical motivation in terms of the thermalization dynamics and is valid for generic systems. We apply it to the case of the magnetic response of the electron gas and reproduce the expected results.