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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Theoretical analysis of cold atom interferometers with optical control of dynamics

James Stickney, Dana Z. Anderson, Alex A. Zozulya

Published Jun 6, 2007• 0 citations
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Over the last several years considerable efforts have been made to develop Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) based devices for a number of applications including fundamental research, precision measurements, and navgation systems. These devices, capable of complex functionality, can be built from simpler components which is currently done in both optics and microelectronics. These components include cold atom equivalents of beamsplitters, mirrors, waveguides, diodes, and transistors. The operation of the individual components must be fully understood before they can be assembled into a more complex device. The primary goal of this dissertation is to present a theoretical analysis of these components. It begins with a theoretical analysis of several different types of cold-atom beamsplitters in the context of BEC interferometry. Next, the dynamics of an interferometer that uses optical pulses to control the dynamics of the BEC will be presented. Finally, a proposal for a BEC based component that has behavior that is similar to an electronic transistor is introduced.
\n\tHigh flux of cold atoms is one of the key technologies to realize high;precision cold atom interferometer. The approach of concatenation of two;dimensional Magnetic Optical Trap (2D;MOT) and three;dimensional Magnetic Optical Trap (3D;MOT) is generally used to obtain high flux of cold atoms. The magnetic field distribution of 2D;MOT is the key influencing factor in this appliance. In this paper, three different(rectangular, race;track and saddle) mathematical models of Anti;Helmholtz coils in 2D;MOT were established to analyze the magnetic field distribution. Then, the magnetic field zero drift and the change of magnetic field gradient caused by the error of eccentricity, coils asymmetry, parallelism and inside diameter asymmetry were analyzed, which were produced in the manufacture and installation process using finite element analysis. Results show that the magnetic field gradient provided by saddle coils is more conducive to produce high flux of cold atoms when eccentricity error is less than 1.14 mm, coils asymmetry error is less than 0.016 A and parallelism error is less than 1.02°. This work may provide theoretical guidance for the design and fabrication of magnetic system of 2D;MOT of cold atom interferometer. © 2016, Editorial Board of Journal of Infrared and Laser Engineering. All right reserved.
Recent progresses on quantum control of cold atoms and trapped ions in both the scientific and technological aspects greatly advance the applications in precision measurement. Thanks to the exceptional controllability and versatility of these massive quantum systems, unprecedented sensitivity has been achieved in clocks, magnetometers, and interferometers based on cold atoms and ions. Besides, these systems also feature many characteristics that can be employed to facilitate the applications in different scenarios. In this review, we briefly introduce the principles of optical clocks, cold atom magnetometers, and atom interferometers used for precision measurement of time, magnetic field, and inertial forces. The main content is then devoted to summarize some recent experimental and theoretical progresses in these three applications, with special attention being paid to the new designs and possibilities towards better performance. The purpose of this review is by no means to give a complete overview of all important works in this fast developing field, but to draw a rough sketch about the frontiers and show the fascinating future lying ahead.