The pinning of the Fermi level to the Van Hove singularity and the formation of flat bands in the two-dimensional $t\ensuremath{-}{t}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ Hubbard model is investigated by the renormalization group technique. The ``Van Hove'' scenario of non-Fermi-liquid behavior for high-
Tc compounds can take place in a broad enough range of the hole concentrations. The results are in qualitative agreement with the recent angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy data on
La2CuO4.
The superconducting transition temperature
Tc of the two-dimensional attractive Hubbard model is computed in the vicinity of both ordinary (logarithmic) and higher-order (power-law) Van Hove singularities using determinant quantum Monte Carlo simulations. For interaction strengths
∣U∣≲W/3, where
W is the electronic bandwidth,
Tc is enhanced in the neighborhood of the Van Hove point, albeit more weakly than expected from weak-coupling BCS theory. Enhancing the Van Hove singularity from logarithmic to power-law yields only a minor additional enhancement of
Tc. For
∣U∣≳W/3, the maximum
Tc shifts away from the Van Hove point and instead occurs at a density unrelated to any features in the non-interacting density of states, consistent with a strong-coupling interpretation. We find that the maximal
Tc in the model is achieved at intermediate
U and at a density away from the Van Hove point.