Physical Review Letters

Stark Shifts Within the (1s2s)S13 State of He

A.T. Ramsey, Richard D. Petrasso

Published Dec 29, 1969• 7 citations

Abstract

We have measured the relative Stark shift between the ${m}_{J}=\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1$ and the ${m}_{J}=0$ Zeeman sublevels of the $2^{3}S_{1}$ metastable state in helium. This shift should be zero in the $L\ensuremath{-}S$ coupling limit. The shifts is (1.27 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}.04) \ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{} ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}$ Hz/${(\mathrm{V}/\mathrm{c}\mathrm{m})}^{2}$, and decreases the normal magnetic field splitting between the ${m}_{J}=+1$ and the ${m}_{J}=0$ sublevels.

DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.23.1478

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Physical Review Letters

Stark Shifts Within the (1s2s)S13 State of He

A.T. Ramsey, Richard D. Petrasso

Published Dec 29, 1969• 7 citations

Publisher

Abstract

We have measured the relative Stark shift between the

{m}_{J}=\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1

and the

{m}_{J}=0

Zeeman sublevels of the

2^{3}S_{1}

metastable state in helium. This shift should be zero in the

L\ensuremath{-}S

coupling limit. The shifts is (1.27 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}.04) \ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}

{10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}

Hz/

{(\mathrm{V}/\mathrm{c}\mathrm{m})}^{2}

, and decreases the normal magnetic field splitting between the

{m}_{J}=+1

and the

{m}_{J}=0

sublevels.

DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.23.1478

Related papers

Hyperfine Pressure Shift of Helium ( 1s2s:S3 ) Atoms in Helium ( 1s2:S1 )

Chizuko M. Dutta, N. C. Dutta, T. P. Das

The hyperfine pressure shift of the metastable helium ( $1s2s:^{3}S$ ) in a buffer gas consisting of ground-state helium atoms is studied by the linked-cluster many-body perturbation approach. Owing to the existence of the repulsive barrier in the intermolecular potential of this system at sizable intermolecular separation, the main contribution to the hyperfine pressure shift comes from the long-range attractive region of the van der Waals potential and the contribution from the short- and intermediate-range region may be neglected. We calculate a shift of -15.0 \ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{} ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}9}$/torr, in essential agreement with the experimental value of (-7.4 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 3.0) \ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{} ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}9}$/torr.The hyperfine pressure shift of the metastable helium ($1s2s:^{3}S$) in a buffer gas consisting of ground-state helium atoms is studied by the linked-cluster many-body perturbation approach. Owing to the existence of the repulsive barrier in the intermolecular potential of this system at sizable intermolecular separation, the main contribution to the hyperfine pressure shift comes from the long-range attractive region of the van der Waals potential and the contribution from the short- and intermediate-range region may be neglected. We calculate a shift of -15.0 \ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{} ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}9}$/torr, in essential agreement with the experimental value of (-7.4 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 3.0) \ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{} ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}9}$/torr.

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Energy Shifts of the Magnetic Sublevels of S13 Helium Caused by Optical Pumping

L. D. Schearer

It has been observed experimentally that the energy spacing between the magnetic sublevels of the $2^{3}S_{1}$ state of helium as detected by optical pumping varies with the intensity and character of the resonant radiation. The relative shift as a function of the intensity, polarization, and spectral distribution are observed and measured. The energy shifts are on the order of 50-60 cps and become smaller as the intensity of the light decreases. A second lamp containing ${\mathrm{He}}^{3}$ incident on the absorption cell in the same manner as the pumping lamp also produces an energy shift. An explanation of the light shift in metastable helium is discussed.It has been observed experimentally that the energy spacing between the magnetic sublevels of the $2^{3}S_{1}$ state of helium as detected by optical pumping varies with the intensity and character of the resonant radiation. The relative shift as a function of the intensity, polarization, and spectral distribution are observed and measured. The energy shifts are on the order of 50-60 cps and become smaller as the intensity of the light decreases. A second lamp containing ${\mathrm{He}}^{3}$ incident on the absorption cell in the same manner as the pumping lamp also produces an energy shift. An explanation of the light shift in metastable helium is discussed.

Physical ReviewJul 15, 196226 citations

We have measured the relative Stark shift between the

{m}_{J}=\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1

and the

{m}_{J}=0

Zeeman sublevels of the

2^{3}S_{1}

metastable state in helium. This shift should be zero in the

L\ensuremath{-}S

coupling limit. The shifts is (1.27 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}.04) \ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}

{10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}

Hz/

{(\mathrm{V}/\mathrm{c}\mathrm{m})}^{2}

, and decreases the normal magnetic field splitting between the

{m}_{J}=+1

and the

{m}_{J}=0

sublevels.

The hyperfine pressure shift of the metastable helium (

1s2s:^{3}S

) in a buffer gas consisting of ground-state helium atoms is studied by the linked-cluster many-body perturbation approach. Owing to the existence of the repulsive barrier in the intermolecular potential of this system at sizable intermolecular separation, the main contribution to the hyperfine pressure shift comes from the long-range attractive region of the van der Waals potential and the contribution from the short- and intermediate-range region may be neglected. We calculate a shift of -15.0 \ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{} ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}9}$/torr, in essential agreement with the experimental value of (-7.4 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 3.0) \ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{} ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}9}$/torr.

\pi /2

π / 2 rf pulse we demonstrate that 50% of the atoms initially in the

m=+1

m = + 1 state can be transferred to the magnetic field insensitive

m=0

m = 0 state. Two

\pi /2

π / 2 pulses with varying time delay allow a Ramsey-type measurement of the Zeeman shift for a high precision measurement of the

{2}^3{S}_1

2 3 S 1 –

{2}^1{S}_0

2 1 S 0 transition frequency. We show that this method also allows strong suppression of mean-field effects on the measurement of the Zeeman shift, which is necessary to reach the accuracy goal of 0.1 kHz on the absolute transition frequencies. Theoretically the feasibility of using metastable triplet helium atoms in the

m=0

m = 0 state for atom interferometry is studied demonstrating favorable conditions, compared to the alkali atoms that are used traditionally, for a non-QED determination of the fine structure constant.

\pi /2

rf pulse we demonstrate that 50% of the atoms initially in the

m=+1

state can be transferred to the magnetic field insensitive

m=0

state. Two

\pi /2

pulses with varying time delay allow a Ramsey-type measurement of the Zeeman shift for a high precision measurement of the

2\,^3S_1

–

2\,^1S_0

transition frequency. We show that this method also allows strong suppression of mean-field effects on the measurement of the Zeeman shift, which is necessary to reach the accuracy goal of 0.1 kHz on the absolute transition frequencies. Theoretically the feasibility of using metastable triplet helium atoms in the

m=0

state for atom interferometry is studied demonstrating favorable conditions, compared to the alkali atoms that are used traditionally, for a non-QED determination of the fine structure constant.

We have measured the forbidden $2\text{ }^{3}{S}_{1}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}2\text{ }^{1}{P}_{1}$ transition at 887 nm in a quantum degenerate gas of metastable

^{4}\mathrm{He}

atoms confined in an optical dipole trap. The determined transition frequency is 338 133 594.4 (0.5) MHz, from which we obtain an ionization energy of the

2\text{ }^{1}{P}_{1}

state of 814 709 148.6 (0.5) MHz. This ionization energy is in disagreement by $>3\ensuremath{\sigma}$ with the most accurate quantum electrodynamics calculations available. Our measurements also provide a new determination of the lifetime of the

2\text{ }^{1}{P}_{1}

state of $0.551\text{ }(0.004{)}_{\text{stat}}\text{ }{(}_{\ensuremath{-}0.000}^{+0.013}{)}_{\text{syst}}\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{ns}$, which is the most accurate determination to date and in excellent agreement with theory.

It has been observed experimentally that the energy spacing between the magnetic sublevels of the

2^{3}S_{1}

state of helium as detected by optical pumping varies with the intensity and character of the resonant radiation. The relative shift as a function of the intensity, polarization, and spectral distribution are observed and measured. The energy shifts are on the order of 50-60 cps and become smaller as the intensity of the light decreases. A second lamp containing

{\mathrm{He}}^{3}

incident on the absorption cell in the same manner as the pumping lamp also produces an energy shift. An explanation of the light shift in metastable helium is discussed.