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Springer series in chemical physics

dc Magnetic Field Effects on Polarized Monochromatic Laser Radiation Absorption in Electronic Transitions: A Simple Model

M. Bernardini, A. Fubini, G. Sacerdoti

Published Jan 1, 1979• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/978-3-642-67254-5_19

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Abstract We have observed the Autler–Townes (AT) effect in single- and suspected double-photon magnetic-dipole transitions in the Cesium ground-state magnetic-sublevel manifold. Experiments were performed in a Cesium vapor cell at room temperature. The D1 line was excited by laser radiation to create ground-state optical polarization, and transitions between the ground-state magnetic sublevels were excited by radio-frequency (RF) radiation. Two different excitation geometries were studied: in one case the electric field vector of the linearly polarized laser radiation was parallel to the static magnetic field, whereas in the other case these vectors were perpendicular. The oscillating magnetic field produced by the RF coils was in the plane perpendicular to the electric field vector of the laser radiation. The AT effect was confirmed by its linear dependence on the RF magnetic field amplitude, which is proportional to the Rabi frequency, in the case of single-photon transitions. With increasing RF power we also observed peaks that by their position appeared to correspond to double and even triple photon transitions, which were more pronounced when the DC magnetic field and optical electric field vectors were perpendicular. In the peak at an energy that corresponds to two photons, splitting with a quadratic dependence on the RF magnetic field amplitude could be observed. The experimental measurements are supplemented by theoretical calculations of a model J = 1 ⟶ J = 0 system.
Density-matrix equations for electrons in laser-coupled quantum wells are derived in second quantization, including an off-diagonal radiative-decay coupling between a pair of electron transitions. Calculations of spontaneous photoluminescence and time-resolved optical absorption for the probe field are formulated. The zero absorption of the pump-laser field within an overlapping region between two absorption peaks is found in a resonant asymmetric double-quantum-well system and explained as the quantum interference between two nearly degenerate electron transitions. Quantum interference is clearly demonstrated through phase cancellation between the two statistically averaged transition dipole moments. The laser frequency for zero absorption can be tuned within a tunneling gap by applying a small dc bias field. The ${k}_{\ensuremath{\Vert}}$-dependent energy-level separation is found to be a crucial factor for destroying quantum interference. The optical gain of the probe field is seen as a hole in the weak absorption peak for the resonant asymmetric double quantum wells selectively coupled by a laser field and shown to be a result of the partial inversion of the electron occupation probabilities in momentum space after laser excitation. The probe-field gain increases with the strength of the pump laser. The effects of transition blocking, induced quantum coherence, and off-diagonal radiative-decay coupling are quantitatively analyzed for this gain.
The two-photon absorption of a linearly or circularly polarized UV beam of a femtosecond laser at 256 nm is used to pump ground-state electrons of Xe-129 and Xe-136 to sublevels of the 6p [5/2] 2 excited state depending on the polarization. A copropagating linearly or circularly polarized IR beam of a picosecond laser at near 788.132 nm is used to further excite these electrons to the 8s [3/2]° 2 state through a single photon absorption process. The absorption of the IR beam is measured by a fast detector. The type and handedness of polarization of the two beams result in different absorption of IR in the final transition. The effect of applying an external magnetic field on the absorption of the IR beam is studied.