Physical Review Letters

Tunable Miscibility in a Dual-Species Bose-Einstein Condensate

Scott B. Papp, J. M. Pino, Carl Wieman

Published Jul 24, 2008• 493 citations

Abstract

We report on the observation of controllable phase separation in a dual-species Bose-Einstein condensate with 85Rb and 87Rb. Interatomic interactions between the different components determine the miscibility of the two quantum fluids. In our experiments, we can clearly observe immiscible behavior via a dramatic spatial separation of the two species. Furthermore, a magnetic-field Feshbach resonance is used to change them between miscible and immiscible by tuning the 85Rb scattering length. The spatial density pattern of the immiscible quantum fluids exhibits complex alternating-domain structures that are uncharacteristic of its stationary ground state.

DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.040402

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Physical Review Letters

Tunable Miscibility in a Dual-Species Bose-Einstein Condensate

Scott B. Papp, J. M. Pino, Carl Wieman

Published Jul 24, 2008• 493 citations

Publisher

Abstract

DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.040402

Related papers

Studying a dual-species BEC with tunable interactions

Scott B. Papp, Pino, J. M., Carl Wieman

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arXiv:0802.2591Feb 19, 20081 citation

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L. J. Wacker, Nils B. Jørgensen, Dorthe Birkmose +6 more

We present the production of dual-species Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) of $^{39}\mathrm{K}$ and $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ . Preparation of both species in the $\left|F=1,{m}_{F}=\ensuremath{-}1\right\ensuremath{\rangle}$ state enabled us to exploit a total of three Feshbach resonances, which allows for simultaneous Feshbach tuning of the $^{39}\mathrm{K}$ intraspecies and the $^{39}\mathrm{K}\text{\ensuremath{-}}^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ interspecies scattering length. Thus dual-species Bose-Einstein condensates were produced by sympathetic cooling of $^{39}\mathrm{K}$ with $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ . A dark spontaneous force optical trap was used for $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ to reduce the losses in $^{39}\mathrm{K}$ due to light-assisted collisions in the optical trapping phase, which can be of benefit for other dual-species experiments. The tunability of the scattering length was used to perform precision spectroscopy of the interspecies Feshbach resonance located at 117.56(2) G and to determine the width of the resonance to 1.21(5) G by rethermalization measurements. The transition region from miscible to immiscible dual-species condensates was investigated and the interspecies background scattering length was determined to $28.5{a}_{0}$ using an empirical model. This paves the way for dual-species experiments with $^{39}\mathrm{K}$ and $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ BECs ranging from molecular physics to precision metrology.We present the production of dual-species Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) of $^{39}\mathrm{K}$ and $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$. Preparation of both species in the $\left|F=1,{m}_{F}=\ensuremath{-}1\right\ensuremath{\rangle}$ state enabled us to exploit a total of three Feshbach resonances, which allows for simultaneous Feshbach tuning of the $^{39}\mathrm{K}$ intraspecies and the $^{39}\mathrm{K}\text{\ensuremath{-}}^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ interspecies scattering length. Thus dual-species Bose-Einstein condensates were produced by sympathetic cooling of $^{39}\mathrm{K}$ with $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$. A dark spontaneous force optical trap was used for $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ to reduce the losses in $^{39}\mathrm{K}$ due to light-assisted collisions in the optical trapping phase, which can be of benefit for other dual-species experiments. The tunability of the scattering length was used to perform precision spectroscopy of the interspecies Feshbach resonance located at 117.56(2) G and to determine the width of the resonance to 1.21(5) G by rethermalization measurements. The transition region from miscible to immiscible dual-species condensates was investigated and the interspecies background scattering length was determined to $28.5{a}_{0}$ using an empirical model. This paves the way for dual-species experiments with $^{39}\mathrm{K}$ and $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ BECs ranging from molecular physics to precision metrology.

arXiv:1505.07975Physical Review ANov 4, 2015102 citations

We report on the observation of controllable spatial separation in a dual-species Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) with

^{85}

Rb and

^{87}

Rb. Interparticle interactions between the different components can change the miscibility of the two quantum fluids. In our experiments, we clearly observe the immiscible nature of the two simultaneously Bose-condensed species via their spatial separation. Furthermore the

^{85}

Rb Feshbach resonance near 155 G is used to change them between miscible and immiscible by tuning the

^{85}

Rb scattering length. Our apparatus is also able to create

^{85}

Rb condensates with up to

8\times10^4

atoms which represents a significant improvement over previous work.

^{23}

Na and

^{87}

Rb double Bose-Einstein condensate with tunable interactions

We have realized a dual-species Bose-Einstein condensate of

^{23}

Na and

^{87}

Rb atoms and observed their immiscibility. Because of the favorite background intra- and inter-species scattering lengths, evaporative cooling and sympathetic cooling are efficient without the need for fine controlling of the interactions. Our system thus provides a clean platform for studying quantum fluid mixtures with tunable inter-species interactions. We have also demonstrated the interaction tuning with a inter-species Feshbach resonance by investigating the elastic collisions near zero crossing of the Na-Rb scattering length.

We present the production of dual-species Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) of

^{39}\mathrm{K}

and

^{87}\mathrm{Rb}

. Preparation of both species in the $\left|F=1,{m}_{F}=\ensuremath{-}1\right\ensuremath{\rangle}$ state enabled us to exploit a total of three Feshbach resonances, which allows for simultaneous Feshbach tuning of the

^{39}\mathrm{K}

intraspecies and the $^{39}\mathrm{K}\text{\ensuremath{-}}^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ interspecies scattering length. Thus dual-species Bose-Einstein condensates were produced by sympathetic cooling of

^{39}\mathrm{K}

with

^{87}\mathrm{Rb}

. A dark spontaneous force optical trap was used for

^{87}\mathrm{Rb}

to reduce the losses in

^{39}\mathrm{K}

due to light-assisted collisions in the optical trapping phase, which can be of benefit for other dual-species experiments. The tunability of the scattering length was used to perform precision spectroscopy of the interspecies Feshbach resonance located at 117.56(2) G and to determine the width of the resonance to 1.21(5) G by rethermalization measurements. The transition region from miscible to immiscible dual-species condensates was investigated and the interspecies background scattering length was determined to

28.5{a}_{0}

using an empirical model. This paves the way for dual-species experiments with

^{39}\mathrm{K}

and

^{87}\mathrm{Rb}

BECs ranging from molecular physics to precision metrology.