A $^{23}$Na and $^{87}$Rb double Bose-Einstein condensate with tunable interactions

Dezhi Xiong, Xiaoke Li, Fudong Wang, Dajun Wang

Published May 30, 2013• 5 citations

Abstract

We have realized a dual-species Bose-Einstein condensate of $^{23}$Na and $^{87}$Rb atoms and observed their immiscibility. Because of the favorite background intra- and inter-species scattering lengths, evaporative cooling and sympathetic cooling are efficient without the need for fine controlling of the interactions. Our system thus provides a clean platform for studying quantum fluid mixtures with tunable inter-species interactions. We have also demonstrated the interaction tuning with a inter-species Feshbach resonance by investigating the elastic collisions near zero crossing of the Na-Rb scattering length.

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A $^{23}$ Na and $^{87}$ Rb double Bose-Einstein condensate with tunable interactionsA $^{23}$Na and $^{87}$Rb double Bose-Einstein condensate with tunable interactions

Dezhi Xiong, Xiaoke Li, Fudong Wang, Dajun Wang

Published May 30, 2013• 5 citations

OpenAlex

Abstract

We have realized a dual-species Bose-Einstein condensate of

^{23}

Na and

^{87}

Rb atoms and observed their immiscibility. Because of the favorite background intra- and inter-species scattering lengths, evaporative cooling and sympathetic cooling are efficient without the need for fine controlling of the interactions. Our system thus provides a clean platform for studying quantum fluid mixtures with tunable inter-species interactions. We have also demonstrated the interaction tuning with a inter-species Feshbach resonance by investigating the elastic collisions near zero crossing of the Na-Rb scattering length.

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Abstract We have realized a dual-species Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) of 23 Na and 87 Rb atoms and observed its immiscibility. Because of the favorable background intra- and inter-species scattering lengths, stable condensates can be obtained via efficient evaporative cooling and sympathetic cooling without the need for fine tuning of the interactions. Our system thus provides a clean platform for studying inter-species interactions–driven effects in superfluid mixtures. With a Feshbach resonance, we have successfully created double BECs with largely tunable inter-species interactions and studied the miscible–immiscible phase transition.Abstract We have realized a dual-species Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) of 23 Na and 87 Rb atoms and observed its immiscibility. Because of the favorable background intra- and inter-species scattering lengths, stable condensates can be obtained via efficient evaporative cooling and sympathetic cooling without the need for fine tuning of the interactions. Our system thus provides a clean platform for studying inter-species interactions–driven effects in superfluid mixtures. With a Feshbach resonance, we have successfully created double BECs with largely tunable inter-species interactions and studied the miscible–immiscible phase transition.

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We present the production of dual-species Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) of $^{39}\mathrm{K}$ and $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ . Preparation of both species in the $\left|F=1,{m}_{F}=\ensuremath{-}1\right\ensuremath{\rangle}$ state enabled us to exploit a total of three Feshbach resonances, which allows for simultaneous Feshbach tuning of the $^{39}\mathrm{K}$ intraspecies and the $^{39}\mathrm{K}\text{\ensuremath{-}}^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ interspecies scattering length. Thus dual-species Bose-Einstein condensates were produced by sympathetic cooling of $^{39}\mathrm{K}$ with $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ . A dark spontaneous force optical trap was used for $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ to reduce the losses in $^{39}\mathrm{K}$ due to light-assisted collisions in the optical trapping phase, which can be of benefit for other dual-species experiments. The tunability of the scattering length was used to perform precision spectroscopy of the interspecies Feshbach resonance located at 117.56(2) G and to determine the width of the resonance to 1.21(5) G by rethermalization measurements. The transition region from miscible to immiscible dual-species condensates was investigated and the interspecies background scattering length was determined to $28.5{a}_{0}$ using an empirical model. This paves the way for dual-species experiments with $^{39}\mathrm{K}$ and $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ BECs ranging from molecular physics to precision metrology.We present the production of dual-species Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) of $^{39}\mathrm{K}$ and $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$. Preparation of both species in the $\left|F=1,{m}_{F}=\ensuremath{-}1\right\ensuremath{\rangle}$ state enabled us to exploit a total of three Feshbach resonances, which allows for simultaneous Feshbach tuning of the $^{39}\mathrm{K}$ intraspecies and the $^{39}\mathrm{K}\text{\ensuremath{-}}^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ interspecies scattering length. Thus dual-species Bose-Einstein condensates were produced by sympathetic cooling of $^{39}\mathrm{K}$ with $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$. A dark spontaneous force optical trap was used for $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ to reduce the losses in $^{39}\mathrm{K}$ due to light-assisted collisions in the optical trapping phase, which can be of benefit for other dual-species experiments. The tunability of the scattering length was used to perform precision spectroscopy of the interspecies Feshbach resonance located at 117.56(2) G and to determine the width of the resonance to 1.21(5) G by rethermalization measurements. The transition region from miscible to immiscible dual-species condensates was investigated and the interspecies background scattering length was determined to $28.5{a}_{0}$ using an empirical model. This paves the way for dual-species experiments with $^{39}\mathrm{K}$ and $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ BECs ranging from molecular physics to precision metrology.

arXiv:1505.07975Physical Review ANov 4, 2015102 citations

^{23}

Na and

^{87}

Rb double Bose-Einstein condensate with tunable interactions

We have realized a dual-species Bose-Einstein condensate of

^{23}

Na and

^{87}

Dual-species Bose-Einstein condensates of

^{23}

Na and

^{41}

K with tunable interactions

We report the creation of dual-species Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) of

^{23}

Na and

^{41}

K. Favorable background scattering lengths enable efficient sympathetic cooling of

^{41}

K via forced evaporative cooling of

^{23}

Na in a plugged magnetic trap and an optical dipole trap. The

1/e

lifetime of the thermal mixture in the stretched hyperfine state exceeds 5 s in the presence of background scattering. At the end of evaporation, we create dual BECs in the immiscible phase, with about

3\times10^5

^{23}

Na atoms surrounding

5\times10^4

^{41}

K atoms. To further enable the tuning of the interspecies interaction strength, we locate multiple Feshbach resonances at magnetic fields up to 100 G. The broadest

s

-wave resonance located at 73.4(3) G features a favorable width of 1.8(2) G. This work sets the stage for the creation of ultracold gases of strongly dipolar bosonic

^{23}

^{41}

K molecules as well as the exploration of many-body physics in bosonic

^{23}

Na-

^{41}

K mixtures.

We report on the observation of controllable spatial separation in a dual-species Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) with

^{85}

Rb and

^{87}

Rb. Interparticle interactions between the different components can change the miscibility of the two quantum fluids. In our experiments, we clearly observe the immiscible nature of the two simultaneously Bose-condensed species via their spatial separation. Furthermore the

^{85}

Rb Feshbach resonance near 155 G is used to change them between miscible and immiscible by tuning the

^{85}

Rb scattering length. Our apparatus is also able to create

^{85}

Rb condensates with up to

8\times10^4

atoms which represents a significant improvement over previous work.

We present the production of dual-species Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) of

^{39}\mathrm{K}

and

^{87}\mathrm{Rb}

. Preparation of both species in the $\left|F=1,{m}_{F}=\ensuremath{-}1\right\ensuremath{\rangle}$ state enabled us to exploit a total of three Feshbach resonances, which allows for simultaneous Feshbach tuning of the

^{39}\mathrm{K}

intraspecies and the $^{39}\mathrm{K}\text{\ensuremath{-}}^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ interspecies scattering length. Thus dual-species Bose-Einstein condensates were produced by sympathetic cooling of

^{39}\mathrm{K}

with

^{87}\mathrm{Rb}

. A dark spontaneous force optical trap was used for

^{87}\mathrm{Rb}

to reduce the losses in

^{39}\mathrm{K}

due to light-assisted collisions in the optical trapping phase, which can be of benefit for other dual-species experiments. The tunability of the scattering length was used to perform precision spectroscopy of the interspecies Feshbach resonance located at 117.56(2) G and to determine the width of the resonance to 1.21(5) G by rethermalization measurements. The transition region from miscible to immiscible dual-species condensates was investigated and the interspecies background scattering length was determined to

28.5{a}_{0}

using an empirical model. This paves the way for dual-species experiments with

^{39}\mathrm{K}

and

^{87}\mathrm{Rb}

BECs ranging from molecular physics to precision metrology.