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AIP conference proceedings

Slow light based on material and waveguide dispersion

Torben Roland Nielsen, Andrei V. Lavrinenko, Jesper Mørk, Dmitry N. Chigrin

Published Jan 1, 2009• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

We study slow light pulse propagation in a photonic crystal structure consisting of a dispersive and absorptive dielectric material and compare it with the constant wave case. The group index and the transmission are investigated for the example of an ensemble of semiconductor quantum dots embedded in a photonic crystal waveguide by FDTD Maxwell‐Bloch simulations. The total group index scales linearly with the material based group index while the transmission has a power dependency on the material based absorption coefficient.

DOI
10.1063/1.3253926

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We study slow light pulse propagation in a photonic crystal structure consisting of a dispersive and absorptive dielectric material and compare it with the constant wave case. The group index and the transmission are investigated for the example of an ensemble of semiconductor quantum dots embedded in a photonic crystal waveguide by FDTD Maxwell‐Bloch simulations. The total group index scales linearly with the material based group index while the transmission has a power dependency on the material based absorption coefficient.
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On the basis of a general analysis of waveguides containing a dispersive material, we identify conditions under which slow-light propagation may enhance the gain, absorption, or phase change. The enhancement is shown to depend on the slow-light mechanism and the translational symmetry of the waveguide. A combination of material and waveguide dispersion may strongly enhance the control of light speed, e.g., using electromagnetically induced transparency in quantum dots embedded in a photonic crystal waveguide.
We investigate the disorder-limited propagation of photons in photonic crystal waveguides in the slow-light regime. We use analysis of Fabry-Perot resonances to map the mode dispersion and extract the photon localization length. Propagation lengths are deduced to be limited to less than 20 μm for group index >50. Anderson-localized modes are observed at high group indices, when the localization lengths are shorter than the waveguide lengths, consistent with the Fabry-Perot analysis. The results have consequences for integrated quantum-dot single-photon circuits which rely on slow-light effects to enhance emission rates.
Light showing extremely slow propagation (known as "slow light") can produce various effects such as compression of optical signals, buffering, convolution integral calculation, beam forming, enhancement of optical absorption, gain, non-linearity, and so on. To generate such light, very large material and structural dispersions are used. Photonic crystal waveguides are good candidates for many device applications since they can easily generate slow light at room temperature. This paper discusses the potential of slow light devices while explaining some critical issues, such as the delay-band product and the dispersion compensation.