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Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference

Characterizing The Quantum State Of Slow Atoms Via Double-grating Lateral Shearing Interferometry

Ian A. Walmsley, N. P. Bigelow

Published Jan 1, 1997• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Quantum state engineering relies on the availability of both a preparation and measurement apparatus that are experimentally distinct entities. The unavoidable consequences of experimental noise, as well as uncertainties in the degree to which the idealizations of a theoretical analysis hold demand that there be reliable and robust techniques for characterizing the quantum state once generated.

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New Journal of Physics•Dec 3, 2020•9 citations
Quantum state engineering relies on the availability of both a preparation and measurement apparatus that are experimentally distinct entities. The unavoidable consequences of experimental noise, as well as uncertainties in the degree to which the idealizations of a theoretical analysis hold demand that there be reliable and robust techniques for characterizing the quantum state once generated.
The analysis of entangled atomic ensembles and their application for interferometry beyond the standard quantum limit requires an accurate determination of the number of atoms. We present an accurate fluorescence detection technique for atoms that is fully integrated into an experimental apparatus for the production of many-particle entangled quantum states. Single-particle resolving fluorescence measurements for 111 up to 303030 atoms are presented. According to our noise analysis, we extrapolate that the single-atom resolution extends to a limiting atom number of 390(20)390(20)390(20) atoms. We utilize the accurate atom number detection for a number stabilization of the laser-cooled atomic ensemble. For a target ensemble size of 777 atoms prepared on demand, we achieve a 92(2) %92(2)\,\%92(2)% preparation fidelity and reach number fluctuations 18(1) dB18(1)\,\mathrm{dB}18(1)dB below the shot noise level using real-time feedback on the magneto-optical trap.
Abstract The analysis of entangled atomic ensembles and their application for interferometry beyond the standard quantum limit requires an accurate determination of the number of atoms. We present an accurate fluorescence detection technique for atoms that is fully integrated into an experimental apparatus for the production of many-particle entangled quantum states. Number-resolved fluorescence measurements with single-atom accuracy for 1 up to 30 atoms are presented. According to our noise analysis, we extrapolate that the single-atom accuracy extends to a limiting atom number of 390(20) atoms. We utilize the accurate atom number detection for a number stabilization of the laser-cooled atomic ensemble. For a target ensemble size of 7 atoms prepared on demand, we achieve a 92(2)% preparation fidelity and reach number fluctuations 18(1) dB below the shot noise level using real-time feedback on the magneto-optical trap.