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Laser Physics

Time domain observation of the Lorentz-local field

Steven T. Cundiff

Published Aug 1, 2002• 32 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

The Lorentz local field in a dense atomic vapor is observed using transient-four-wave-mixing, a time domain spectroscopic technique. The local field is manifest as a signal for "negative" delay. The strength of the negative delay signal can be related to the Lorentz--Lorenz shift using perturbation theory or numerical calculations.

Related papers

Observation of the Lorentz local-field in a dense atomic vapor using transient four-wave-mixing

Steven T. Cundiff, Justin M. Shacklette

The Lorentz local-field modifies the properties of a dense medium, compared to isolated atoms. It results in the Lorentz-Lorenz shift, and a negative delay signal in transient-four- wave mixing, which we have observed in potassium vapor.

International Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena•Jan 1, 2000•0 citations

Observation of the Lorentz Local Field in a Dense Atomic Vapor Using Transient Spectroscopy

Steven T. Cundiff, Justin M. Shacklette, Emily A. Gibson

Springer series in chemical physics•Jan 1, 2001•2 citations

Introduction

Charles M. Bowden, Mark J. Bloemer

Local field effects that occur due to dipole-dipole interactions have been vigorously investigated since the initial works of Lorentz[1] and Lorenz[2]. Linear interactions of light in condensed matter and dense gases are manifest in the Clausius-Mossotti relations[3], and nonlinear effects have been known for some time[4]. Generalized Maxwell-Bloch formulation incorporating local field effects[5, 6] has stimulated considerable theoretical development and predictions, but to date few experiments have been performed. Several experiments, however, have addressed key issues stemming from various theoretical developments. Boyd and coworkers have observed local field induced spectral red shifts in rubidium vapor[7], and Rand and coworkers have observed intrinsic bistability due to local field effects in a crystal lattice highly doped with rare earth ions[8]. Most recently, Eliel and coworkers have studied local field effects in very high density metal vapors[9], and find novel cooperative effects and excitation dependent line narrowing. The papers presented in this Focus Issue are indicative of the currently increasing interest and activity in this field.

Optics Express•Sep 15, 1997•1 citation

Coherent Transients from Three-level Λ System with Local Field: Analytical Results

Yan Wei-Xian

Using a perturbation theory based on the Liouville equation of motion,we analyze the nonlinear response of a three-level model system,after considering the Lorentz local field effect.In the nonlinear optical response,two consecutive coherent pulses with the wave vector k_1 and k_2 generate new light waves in the new directions.The expression for the four-wave mixing signal,a third response,is given by accounting of the Lorentz local field.It is found that an four-wave mixing signal still persists in the direction 2k_2-k_1 for the negative time delay,and the frequency of the four-wave mixing signal has a shift related to the Lorentz local field factor l.

Journal of Shanxi University•Jan 1, 2004•0 citations

FWM in optically dense medía

Opher Kinrol, Yehiam Prior

We show, both experimentally and theoretically, that short-pulse reshaping clue to propagation leads to the formation of negative-time-delay signals in four-wave mixing (FWM) and to apparent signal decay that is not given by the dephasing or the population-decay rates. Recently, pulse reshaping due to coherent propagation was used to estimate dephasing times in CD, and ZnP·. (Ref. 1), and negative time-delay response in FWM in quantum wells was reported and was explained in terms of higher-order susceptibilities interfering with the third-order FWM process.2

•May 8, 1994•0 citations

Local-field enhancement of the nonlinear-optical susceptibility

Jeffery J. Maki, Robert W. Boyd, Michelle S. Malcuit +1 more

We have quantitatively studied the effects of Lorentz local fields on the linear and nonlinear optical properties of an atomic potassium vapor. In the linear regime, the effects of local fields are treated theoretically by the Lorentz-Lorenz equation. The Lorentz-Lorenz equation predicts that the linear dielectric constant e for an isolated optical resonance should have a density-dependent frequency shift from that of the single-atom response toward the red end of the spectrum.

Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference•May 12, 1991•0 citations
The Lorentz local field in a dense atomic vapor is observed using transient-four-wave-mixing, a time domain spectroscopic technique. The local field is manifest as a signal for "negative" delay. The strength of the negative delay signal can be related to the Lorentz--Lorenz shift using perturbation theory or numerical calculations.
Local field effects that occur due to dipole-dipole interactions have been vigorously investigated since the initial works of Lorentz[1] and Lorenz[2]. Linear interactions of light in condensed matter and dense gases are manifest in the Clausius-Mossotti relations[3], and nonlinear effects have been known for some time[4]. Generalized Maxwell-Bloch formulation incorporating local field effects[5, 6] has stimulated considerable theoretical development and predictions, but to date few experiments have been performed. Several experiments, however, have addressed key issues stemming from various theoretical developments. Boyd and coworkers have observed local field induced spectral red shifts in rubidium vapor[7], and Rand and coworkers have observed intrinsic bistability due to local field effects in a crystal lattice highly doped with rare earth ions[8]. Most recently, Eliel and coworkers have studied local field effects in very high density metal vapors[9], and find novel cooperative effects and excitation dependent line narrowing. The papers presented in this Focus Issue are indicative of the currently increasing interest and activity in this field.
Using a perturbation theory based on the Liouville equation of motion,we analyze the nonlinear response of a three-level model system,after considering the Lorentz local field effect.In the nonlinear optical response,two consecutive coherent pulses with the wave vector k_1 and k_2 generate new light waves in the new directions.The expression for the four-wave mixing signal,a third response,is given by accounting of the Lorentz local field.It is found that an four-wave mixing signal still persists in the direction 2k_2-k_1 for the negative time delay,and the frequency of the four-wave mixing signal has a shift related to the Lorentz local field factor l.
We show, both experimentally and theoretically, that short-pulse reshaping clue to propagation leads to the formation of negative-time-delay signals in four-wave mixing (FWM) and to apparent signal decay that is not given by the dephasing or the population-decay rates. Recently, pulse reshaping due to coherent propagation was used to estimate dephasing times in CD, and ZnP·. (Ref. 1), and negative time-delay response in FWM in quantum wells was reported and was explained in terms of higher-order susceptibilities interfering with the third-order FWM process.2