Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Wiley eBooks

Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics

Sergio M. Dutra

Published Dec 3, 2004• 108 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Preface. Acknowledgments. 1. Introduction. 2. Fiat Lux! 3. The Photon's Wavefunction. 4. A Box of Photons. 5. Let Matter Be! 6. Spontaneous Emission. 7. Macroscopic QED. 8. The Maser, the Laser, and their Cavity-QED Cousins. 9. Open Cavities. Appendix A: Perfect Cavity Modes. Appendix B: Perfect Cavity Boundary Conditions. Appendix C: Quaternions and Special Relativity. Appendix D: The Baker-Hausdorff Formula. Appendix E: Vectors and Vector Identities. Appendix F: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly. References. Index.

DOI
10.1002/0471713465

Related papers

Cavity quantum electrodynamics

Partha Ghose

Introduction Ever since 1916/17 when Einstein argued [45] [46] that spontaneous emission must occur if matter and radiation are to achieve thermal equilibrium, physicists have believed that spontaneous emission is an inherent quantum mechanical property of atoms and that excited atoms inevitably radiate. This view, however, overlooks the fact that spontaneous emission is a consequence of the coupling of quantized energy states of atoms with the quantized radiation field, and is a manifestation of quantum noise or of emission ‘stimulated’ by ‘vacuum fluctuations’. An infinity of vacuum states is available to the photon radiated by an excited atom placed in free space, leading to the effective irreversibility of such emissions. If these vacuum states are modified, as for example by placing an excited atom between closely spaced mirrors or in a small cavity (essentially the Casimir effect), spontaneous emission can be greatly inhibited or enhanced or even made reversible. Recent advances in atomic and optical techniques have made it possible to control and manipulate spontaneous emission. A whole new branch of quantum optics called ‘cavity QED’ has developed since 1987 utilizing these dramatic changes in spontaneous emission rates in cavities to construct new kinds of microscopic masers or micromasers that operate with a single atom and a few photons or with photons emitted in pairs in a two-photon transition.

Cambridge University Press eBooks•Apr 29, 1999•0 citations

Quantum Non‐Locality and Relativity

Tim Maudlin

Preface to First Edition vi Preface to Second Edition x Preface to Third Edition xii Introduction 1 1 Bell s Theorem: The Price of Locality 6 Appendix A: The GHZ Scheme 24 2 Relativity and Space-time Structure 27 3 Finger Exercise: Superluminal Matter Transport 55 4 Controlling the Connection: Signals 74 Appendix B: Bohmian Mechanics 106 5 Causation 114 6 Secret Messages 148 7 Points of View 173 8 Life in Elastic Space-time 205 9 Morals 221 10 New Discoveries and Deeper Insights: The View from 2010 224 An Overview of Quantum Mechanics 260 References 284 Index 290

Wiley eBooks•Apr 8, 2011•417 citations

A Quick Introduction to the strong coupling regime of Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics: applications and fundamental quantum theory

Nathan D. Poulin

Since the photon box gedanken experiments of several of the founding fathers of modern physics, considerable progress has been made in differentiating the quantum and classical worlds. In this pursuit, the cavity as an open quantum system has been indispensable. From the quantization of the atom and field within a superconducting cavity, a unique realm of EPR type entanglement has emerged. In this way, dynamical evolution of the system in the strong coupling regime is intimately tied with the coupling of an atom with a single resonant or non-resonant mode within the cavity. More specifically, the cavity can be prepared so that the atom is detected in a desired state. Here, the essentials of the strong coupling regime of Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) are reviewed for cavities tuned with a single atomic transition. A brief introduction of the systems is followed by an approach of the more striking effects, leading towards Ramsey Interferometry and Quantum Non-Demolition measurements as means for quantum gate protocol. Because the integrity of the atom and photon states is important for the advancement of quantum computation, a brief discussion of the decoherence problems is also presented. This document is meant to introduce the topic in a way that makes it easily accessible to those working in closely related areas of physics, and to highlight key applications and some basic questions concerning decoherence and the measurement problem.

arXiv:1412.0335•Dec 1, 2014•0 citations

Complement 6B: Cavity quantum electrodynamics

G. Grynberg, Alain Aspect, Claude Fabre +1 more

Up to now in this work we have not been concerned with the environment in which an atom and the radiation field interact. We have implicitly assumed that the radiation propagates in free space and that there are no boundaries to reflect radiation emitted by the atom. We shall show in this complement that when such boundaries do exist and are sufficiently reflecting, or more especially when the atom is enclosed in a resonant cavity, its radiative properties, such as its absorption spectrum and the rate of spontaneous emission, are drastically altered. This can be the case even if the cavity boundaries themselves are very far from the atom, on the atomic scale of distances. The conditions under which these cavity quantum electrodynamic effects can be observed are actually quite difficult to reach and this is why, usually, it is possible to assume that the radiative properties of a system are independent of the enclosure surrounding it. Nevertheless, thanks to some outstanding technical achievements, these effects can be observed in remarkable experiments. Atoms coupled to cavities then appear as a promising system in quantum information either for quantum processing or for single photon sources (see Complement 5E). Presentation of the problem Consider the system sketched in Figure 6B.1, in which an atom at rest at the origin of coordinates is enclosed in a cavity of volume V , with perfectly reflecting walls.

Cambridge University Press eBooks•Sep 2, 2010•0 citations

Atomic and Laser Spectroscopy

Alan Corney

1. Introduction 2. Review of Classical Electrodynamics 3. Review of Quantum Mechanics 4. The Spontaneous Emission of Radiation 5. Selection Rules for Electric Dipole Transitions 6. Measurement of Radiative Lifetimes of Atoms and Molecules 7. Forbidden Transitions and Metastable Atoms 8. The Width and Shape of Spectral Lines 9. The Absorption and Stimulated Emission of Radiation 10. Radiative Transfer and the Formation of Spectral Lines 11. Population Inversion Mechanisms in Gas Lasers 12. Resonant Modes of Optical Cavities 13. Saturation Characteristics and the Single-Frequency Operation of Gas Lasers 14. Turnable Dye Lasers and Atomic Spectroscopy 15. The Hanle Effect and the Theory of Resonance Flourescence Experiments 16. Optical Double Resonance Experiments 17. Optical Pumping Experiments 18. The Hyperfine Structure of Atoms and its Investigation by Magnetic Resonance Methods Appendix

Oxford University Press eBooks•Oct 5, 2006•508 citations

Atoms and molecules in cavities, from weak to strong coupling in quantum-electrodynamics (QED) chemistry

Johannes Flick, Michael Ruggenthaler, Heiko Appel +1 more

In this work, we provide an overview of how well-established concepts in the fields of quantum chemistry and material sciences have to be adapted when the quantum nature of light becomes important in correlated matter-photon problems. We analyze model systems in optical cavities, where the matter-photon interaction is considered from the weak- to the strong-coupling limit and for individual photon modes as well as for the multimode case. We identify fundamental changes in Born-Oppenheimer surfaces, spectroscopic quantities, conical intersections, and efficiency for quantum control. We conclude by applying our recently developed quantum-electrodynamical density-functional theory to spontaneous emission and show how a straightforward approximation accurately describes the correlated electron-photon dynamics. This work paves the way to describe matter-photon interactions from first principles and addresses the emergence of new states of matter in chemistry and material science.

arXiv:1609.03901•Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences•Mar 8, 2017•575 citations
Preface. Acknowledgments. 1. Introduction. 2. Fiat Lux! 3. The Photon's Wavefunction. 4. A Box of Photons. 5. Let Matter Be! 6. Spontaneous Emission. 7. Macroscopic QED. 8. The Maser, the Laser, and their Cavity-QED Cousins. 9. Open Cavities. Appendix A: Perfect Cavity Modes. Appendix B: Perfect Cavity Boundary Conditions. Appendix C: Quaternions and Special Relativity. Appendix D: The Baker-Hausdorff Formula. Appendix E: Vectors and Vector Identities. Appendix F: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly. References. Index.
Introduction Ever since 1916/17 when Einstein argued [45] [46] that spontaneous emission must occur if matter and radiation are to achieve thermal equilibrium, physicists have believed that spontaneous emission is an inherent quantum mechanical property of atoms and that excited atoms inevitably radiate. This view, however, overlooks the fact that spontaneous emission is a consequence of the coupling of quantized energy states of atoms with the quantized radiation field, and is a manifestation of quantum noise or of emission ‘stimulated’ by ‘vacuum fluctuations’. An infinity of vacuum states is available to the photon radiated by an excited atom placed in free space, leading to the effective irreversibility of such emissions. If these vacuum states are modified, as for example by placing an excited atom between closely spaced mirrors or in a small cavity (essentially the Casimir effect), spontaneous emission can be greatly inhibited or enhanced or even made reversible. Recent advances in atomic and optical techniques have made it possible to control and manipulate spontaneous emission. A whole new branch of quantum optics called ‘cavity QED’ has developed since 1987 utilizing these dramatic changes in spontaneous emission rates in cavities to construct new kinds of microscopic masers or micromasers that operate with a single atom and a few photons or with photons emitted in pairs in a two-photon transition.
Preface to First Edition vi Preface to Second Edition x Preface to Third Edition xii Introduction 1 1 Bell s Theorem: The Price of Locality 6 Appendix A: The GHZ Scheme 24 2 Relativity and Space-time Structure 27 3 Finger Exercise: Superluminal Matter Transport 55 4 Controlling the Connection: Signals 74 Appendix B: Bohmian Mechanics 106 5 Causation 114 6 Secret Messages 148 7 Points of View 173 8 Life in Elastic Space-time 205 9 Morals 221 10 New Discoveries and Deeper Insights: The View from 2010 224 An Overview of Quantum Mechanics 260 References 284 Index 290
Since the photon box gedanken experiments of several of the founding fathers of modern physics, considerable progress has been made in differentiating the quantum and classical worlds. In this pursuit, the cavity as an open quantum system has been indispensable. From the quantization of the atom and field within a superconducting cavity, a unique realm of EPR type entanglement has emerged. In this way, dynamical evolution of the system in the strong coupling regime is intimately tied with the coupling of an atom with a single resonant or non-resonant mode within the cavity. More specifically, the cavity can be prepared so that the atom is detected in a desired state. Here, the essentials of the strong coupling regime of Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) are reviewed for cavities tuned with a single atomic transition. A brief introduction of the systems is followed by an approach of the more striking effects, leading towards Ramsey Interferometry and Quantum Non-Demolition measurements as means for quantum gate protocol. Because the integrity of the atom and photon states is important for the advancement of quantum computation, a brief discussion of the decoherence problems is also presented. This document is meant to introduce the topic in a way that makes it easily accessible to those working in closely related areas of physics, and to highlight key applications and some basic questions concerning decoherence and the measurement problem.
Up to now in this work we have not been concerned with the environment in which an atom and the radiation field interact. We have implicitly assumed that the radiation propagates in free space and that there are no boundaries to reflect radiation emitted by the atom. We shall show in this complement that when such boundaries do exist and are sufficiently reflecting, or more especially when the atom is enclosed in a resonant cavity, its radiative properties, such as its absorption spectrum and the rate of spontaneous emission, are drastically altered. This can be the case even if the cavity boundaries themselves are very far from the atom, on the atomic scale of distances. The conditions under which these cavity quantum electrodynamic effects can be observed are actually quite difficult to reach and this is why, usually, it is possible to assume that the radiative properties of a system are independent of the enclosure surrounding it. Nevertheless, thanks to some outstanding technical achievements, these effects can be observed in remarkable experiments. Atoms coupled to cavities then appear as a promising system in quantum information either for quantum processing or for single photon sources (see Complement 5E). Presentation of the problem Consider the system sketched in Figure 6B.1, in which an atom at rest at the origin of coordinates is enclosed in a cavity of volume V , with perfectly reflecting walls.
1. Introduction 2. Review of Classical Electrodynamics 3. Review of Quantum Mechanics 4. The Spontaneous Emission of Radiation 5. Selection Rules for Electric Dipole Transitions 6. Measurement of Radiative Lifetimes of Atoms and Molecules 7. Forbidden Transitions and Metastable Atoms 8. The Width and Shape of Spectral Lines 9. The Absorption and Stimulated Emission of Radiation 10. Radiative Transfer and the Formation of Spectral Lines 11. Population Inversion Mechanisms in Gas Lasers 12. Resonant Modes of Optical Cavities 13. Saturation Characteristics and the Single-Frequency Operation of Gas Lasers 14. Turnable Dye Lasers and Atomic Spectroscopy 15. The Hanle Effect and the Theory of Resonance Flourescence Experiments 16. Optical Double Resonance Experiments 17. Optical Pumping Experiments 18. The Hyperfine Structure of Atoms and its Investigation by Magnetic Resonance Methods Appendix
In this work, we provide an overview of how well-established concepts in the fields of quantum chemistry and material sciences have to be adapted when the quantum nature of light becomes important in correlated matter-photon problems. We analyze model systems in optical cavities, where the matter-photon interaction is considered from the weak- to the strong-coupling limit and for individual photon modes as well as for the multimode case. We identify fundamental changes in Born-Oppenheimer surfaces, spectroscopic quantities, conical intersections, and efficiency for quantum control. We conclude by applying our recently developed quantum-electrodynamical density-functional theory to spontaneous emission and show how a straightforward approximation accurately describes the correlated electron-photon dynamics. This work paves the way to describe matter-photon interactions from first principles and addresses the emergence of new states of matter in chemistry and material science.