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Wiley eBooks

Quantum Non‐Locality and Relativity

Tim Maudlin

Published Apr 8, 2011• 417 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Preface to First Edition vi Preface to Second Edition x Preface to Third Edition xii Introduction 1 1 Bell s Theorem: The Price of Locality 6 Appendix A: The GHZ Scheme 24 2 Relativity and Space-time Structure 27 3 Finger Exercise: Superluminal Matter Transport 55 4 Controlling the Connection: Signals 74 Appendix B: Bohmian Mechanics 106 5 Causation 114 6 Secret Messages 148 7 Points of View 173 8 Life in Elastic Space-time 205 9 Morals 221 10 New Discoveries and Deeper Insights: The View from 2010 224 An Overview of Quantum Mechanics 260 References 284 Index 290

DOI
10.1002/9781444396973

Related papers

Perspectives on quantum reality : non-relativistic, relativistic, and field-theoretic

Rob Clifton

Preface. In defense of dogma: why there cannot be a relativistic quantum mechanics of (localizable) particles D.B. Malament. Just how radical is hyperplane dependence? G. Fleming. Is there superluminal causation in relativistic quantum field theory? M. Redei. EPR, relativity, and the GHZ experiment C. Pagonis, et al. Hidden quantum non-locality N.D. Mermin. Royer's measurements - the rise and fall of (yet another) signalling scheme I. Pitowsky. Tails of Schrodinger's cat D.Z. Albert, B. Loewer. Wavefunction collapse models with nonwhite noise P. Pearle. The emergence of classical properties from quantum mechanics L.E. Ballentine. Relativism S. Saunders. Wave and particle concepts in quantum field theory P. Teller. The conceptual relation between standard quantum mechanics and quantum field theory D. Robinson. What measurement problem? J.T. Cushing. Bovine metaphysics: remarks on the significance of the gravitational phase effect in quantum mechanics H.R. Brown. Exotic (quixotic?) applications of Bohm theory R. Weingard. Complementarity and the orthodox (Dirac-von Neumann) interpretation of quantum mechanics J. Bub. Logical reflections on the Kochen-Specker theorem J.L. Bell. Construction of quantum mechanics via commutative operations S. Kochen.

Kluwer Academic Publishers eBooks•Jan 1, 1996•10 citations

Tim Maudlin, Quantum Non-Locality and Relativity: Metaphysical Intimations of Modern Physics (Aristotelian Society Series, Volume 13), Oxford UK & Cambridge USA:

Andrew Wayne

Quantum Non-Locality and Relativity has the rare quality of being both a significant contribution to the philosophy of physics literature and a superb introduction for philosophers unacquainted with the field. Maudlin sets out to examine the implications for our understanding of the fundamental structure of space, time, and causation of what appears to be a mysterious action-at-a-distance observed in the quantum domain. Physicists and philosophers of physics have been grappling with these implications for the last half-century, and Maudlin does a remarkable job of elucidating central themes in the literature and clarifying conceptual confusions. Throughout the book, Maudlin draws out salient points from what can easily become a morass of scientific and philosophical technicalities. At the root of puzzles concerning relativity and quantum mechanics lie a few simple experimental facts. In an experimental setup in which quantum particles begin from a common source and travel in opposite directions, distant (spacelike separated) measurements of properties of the two particles are strangely correlated. These correlations have been observed, for example, in experiments which measure polarization properties of photons. A well-known theorem due to John S. (1964) expresses a constraint on the kind of correlations that measurement outcomes in this experimental setup (known as a Bell experiment) can display, in the absence of any communication between them. The surprise is that observed correlations violate Bell's theorem, meaning that the measurement events appear somehow to be influencing each other or to be otherwise connected. But there's the rub: in experiments, measurements are spacelike separated, which means they are too far apart for any force of nature travelling at or below the speed of light to traverse the distance between them in time. Faster-than-light influences seem to fly squarely (and rather quickly) in the face of everything Einstein taught us about the structure of space and time. As it is often understood, the special theory of relativity asserts that the speed of light in a vacuum is some sort of physical limit, and that matter, energy, signals, causal influence, and the like cannot travel faster than the speed of light. Do the

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Quantum Theory and Beyond: Essays and Discussions Arising from a Colloquium

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List of participants Preface Part I. Introduction: 1. The function of the colloquium - editorial 2. The conceptual problem of quantum theory from the experimentalist's point of view O. R. Frisch Part II. Niels Bohr and Complementarity: The Place of the Classical Language: 3. The Copenhagen interpretation C. F. von Weizsacker 4. On Bohr's views concerning the quantum theory D. Bohm Part III. The Measurement Problem: 5. Quantal observation in statistical interpretation H. J. Groenewold 6. Macroscopic physics, quantum mechanics and quantum theory of measurement G. M. Prosperi 7. Comment on the Daneri-Loinger-Prosperi quantum theory of measurement Jeffrey Bub 8. The phenomenology of observation and explanation in quantum theory J. H. M. Whiteman 9. Measurement theory and complex systems M. A. Garstens Part IV. New Directions within Quantum Theory: What does the Quantum Theoretical Formalism Really Tell Us?: 10. On the role of hidden variables in the fundamental structure of physics D. Bohm 11. Beyond what? Discussion: space-time order within existing quantum theory C. W. Kilmister 12. Definability and measurability in quantum theory Yakir Aharonov and Aage Petersen 13. The bootstrap idea and the foundations of quantum theory Geoffrey F. Chew Part V. A Fresh Start?: 14. Angular momentum: an approach to combinatorial space-time Roger Penrose 15. A note on discreteness, phase space and cohomology theory B. J. Hiley 16. Cohomology of observations R. H. Atkin 17. The origin of half-integral spin in a discrete physical space Ted Bastin Part VI. Philosophical Papers: 18. The unity of physics C. F. von Weizsacker 19. A philosophical obstacle to the rise of new theories in microphysics Mario Bunge 20. The incompleteness of quantum mechanics or the emperor's missing clothes H. R. Post 21. How does a particle get from A to B? Ted Bastin 22. Informational generalization of entropy in physics Jerome Rothstein 23. Can life explain quantum mechanics? H. H. Pattee 24. Discussion: phenomena and sense data in quantum theory D. S. Linney and C. F. von Weizsacker Index of persons Index of subjects.

•Apr 20, 2009•31 citations

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Preface.- Quantum Mechanics: questions.- The phenomenological stochastic approach: a short route to quantum mechanics.- The Planck distribution, a necessary consequence of the fluctuating zero-point field.- The long journey to the Schrodinger equation.- The road to Heisenberg quantum mechanics.- Beyond the Schrodinger equation.- Disentangling quantum entanglement.- Causality, locality and entanglement in quantum mechanics.- The zero-point field waves (and) matter.- Quantum mechanics: some answers.- References.- Suggested literature.- Index.

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Schrödinger equations and diffusion theory

正雄 長沢

Preface.- I Introduction and Motivation.- II Diffusion Processes and their Transformations.- III Duality and Time Reversal of Diffusion Processes.- IV Equivalence of Diffusion and Schrodinger Equations.- V Variational Principle.- VI Diffusion Processes in q-Representation.- VII Segregation of a Population.- VIII The Schrodinger Equation can be a Boltzmann Equation.- IX Applications of the Statistical Model for Schrodinger Equations.- X Relative Entropy and Csiszar's Projection.- XI Large Deviations.- XII Non-Linearity Induced by the Branching Property.- Appendix.- References.- Index.

Birkhäuser-Verlag eBooks•Jan 1, 1993•0 citations

Speakable and Unspeakable in Quantum Mechanics

James S. Bell, Alain Aspect

John Bell, FRS was one of the leading expositors and interpreters of modern quantum theory. He is particularly famous for his discovery of the crucial difference between the predictions of conventional quantum mechanics and the implications of local causality, a concept insisted on by Einstein. John Bell's work played a major role in the development of our current understanding of the profound nature of quantum concepts and of the fundamental limitations they impose on the applicability of the classical ideas of space, time and locality. This book includes all of John Bell's published and unpublished papers on the conceptual and philosophical problems of quantum mechanics, including two papers that appeared after the first edition was published. The book includes a short Preface written by the author for the first edition, and also an introduction by Alain Aspect that puts into context John Bell's enormous contribution to the quantum philosophy debate.

Cambridge University Press eBooks•Jun 3, 2004•1,258 citations
Preface to First Edition vi Preface to Second Edition x Preface to Third Edition xii Introduction 1 1 Bell s Theorem: The Price of Locality 6 Appendix A: The GHZ Scheme 24 2 Relativity and Space-time Structure 27 3 Finger Exercise: Superluminal Matter Transport 55 4 Controlling the Connection: Signals 74 Appendix B: Bohmian Mechanics 106 5 Causation 114 6 Secret Messages 148 7 Points of View 173 8 Life in Elastic Space-time 205 9 Morals 221 10 New Discoveries and Deeper Insights: The View from 2010 224 An Overview of Quantum Mechanics 260 References 284 Index 290
Preface. In defense of dogma: why there cannot be a relativistic quantum mechanics of (localizable) particles D.B. Malament. Just how radical is hyperplane dependence? G. Fleming. Is there superluminal causation in relativistic quantum field theory? M. Redei. EPR, relativity, and the GHZ experiment C. Pagonis, et al. Hidden quantum non-locality N.D. Mermin. Royer's measurements - the rise and fall of (yet another) signalling scheme I. Pitowsky. Tails of Schrodinger's cat D.Z. Albert, B. Loewer. Wavefunction collapse models with nonwhite noise P. Pearle. The emergence of classical properties from quantum mechanics L.E. Ballentine. Relativism S. Saunders. Wave and particle concepts in quantum field theory P. Teller. The conceptual relation between standard quantum mechanics and quantum field theory D. Robinson. What measurement problem? J.T. Cushing. Bovine metaphysics: remarks on the significance of the gravitational phase effect in quantum mechanics H.R. Brown. Exotic (quixotic?) applications of Bohm theory R. Weingard. Complementarity and the orthodox (Dirac-von Neumann) interpretation of quantum mechanics J. Bub. Logical reflections on the Kochen-Specker theorem J.L. Bell. Construction of quantum mechanics via commutative operations S. Kochen.
Quantum Non-Locality and Relativity has the rare quality of being both a significant contribution to the philosophy of physics literature and a superb introduction for philosophers unacquainted with the field. Maudlin sets out to examine the implications for our understanding of the fundamental structure of space, time, and causation of what appears to be a mysterious action-at-a-distance observed in the quantum domain. Physicists and philosophers of physics have been grappling with these implications for the last half-century, and Maudlin does a remarkable job of elucidating central themes in the literature and clarifying conceptual confusions. Throughout the book, Maudlin draws out salient points from what can easily become a morass of scientific and philosophical technicalities. At the root of puzzles concerning relativity and quantum mechanics lie a few simple experimental facts. In an experimental setup in which quantum particles begin from a common source and travel in opposite directions, distant (spacelike separated) measurements of properties of the two particles are strangely correlated. These correlations have been observed, for example, in experiments which measure polarization properties of photons. A well-known theorem due to John S. (1964) expresses a constraint on the kind of correlations that measurement outcomes in this experimental setup (known as a Bell experiment) can display, in the absence of any communication between them. The surprise is that observed correlations violate Bell's theorem, meaning that the measurement events appear somehow to be influencing each other or to be otherwise connected. But there's the rub: in experiments, measurements are spacelike separated, which means they are too far apart for any force of nature travelling at or below the speed of light to traverse the distance between them in time. Faster-than-light influences seem to fly squarely (and rather quickly) in the face of everything Einstein taught us about the structure of space and time. As it is often understood, the special theory of relativity asserts that the speed of light in a vacuum is some sort of physical limit, and that matter, energy, signals, causal influence, and the like cannot travel faster than the speed of light. Do the
List of participants Preface Part I. Introduction: 1. The function of the colloquium - editorial 2. The conceptual problem of quantum theory from the experimentalist's point of view O. R. Frisch Part II. Niels Bohr and Complementarity: The Place of the Classical Language: 3. The Copenhagen interpretation C. F. von Weizsacker 4. On Bohr's views concerning the quantum theory D. Bohm Part III. The Measurement Problem: 5. Quantal observation in statistical interpretation H. J. Groenewold 6. Macroscopic physics, quantum mechanics and quantum theory of measurement G. M. Prosperi 7. Comment on the Daneri-Loinger-Prosperi quantum theory of measurement Jeffrey Bub 8. The phenomenology of observation and explanation in quantum theory J. H. M. Whiteman 9. Measurement theory and complex systems M. A. Garstens Part IV. New Directions within Quantum Theory: What does the Quantum Theoretical Formalism Really Tell Us?: 10. On the role of hidden variables in the fundamental structure of physics D. Bohm 11. Beyond what? Discussion: space-time order within existing quantum theory C. W. Kilmister 12. Definability and measurability in quantum theory Yakir Aharonov and Aage Petersen 13. The bootstrap idea and the foundations of quantum theory Geoffrey F. Chew Part V. A Fresh Start?: 14. Angular momentum: an approach to combinatorial space-time Roger Penrose 15. A note on discreteness, phase space and cohomology theory B. J. Hiley 16. Cohomology of observations R. H. Atkin 17. The origin of half-integral spin in a discrete physical space Ted Bastin Part VI. Philosophical Papers: 18. The unity of physics C. F. von Weizsacker 19. A philosophical obstacle to the rise of new theories in microphysics Mario Bunge 20. The incompleteness of quantum mechanics or the emperor's missing clothes H. R. Post 21. How does a particle get from A to B? Ted Bastin 22. Informational generalization of entropy in physics Jerome Rothstein 23. Can life explain quantum mechanics? H. H. Pattee 24. Discussion: phenomena and sense data in quantum theory D. S. Linney and C. F. von Weizsacker Index of persons Index of subjects.
Preface.- Quantum Mechanics: questions.- The phenomenological stochastic approach: a short route to quantum mechanics.- The Planck distribution, a necessary consequence of the fluctuating zero-point field.- The long journey to the Schrodinger equation.- The road to Heisenberg quantum mechanics.- Beyond the Schrodinger equation.- Disentangling quantum entanglement.- Causality, locality and entanglement in quantum mechanics.- The zero-point field waves (and) matter.- Quantum mechanics: some answers.- References.- Suggested literature.- Index.
Preface.- I Introduction and Motivation.- II Diffusion Processes and their Transformations.- III Duality and Time Reversal of Diffusion Processes.- IV Equivalence of Diffusion and Schrodinger Equations.- V Variational Principle.- VI Diffusion Processes in q-Representation.- VII Segregation of a Population.- VIII The Schrodinger Equation can be a Boltzmann Equation.- IX Applications of the Statistical Model for Schrodinger Equations.- X Relative Entropy and Csiszar's Projection.- XI Large Deviations.- XII Non-Linearity Induced by the Branching Property.- Appendix.- References.- Index.
John Bell, FRS was one of the leading expositors and interpreters of modern quantum theory. He is particularly famous for his discovery of the crucial difference between the predictions of conventional quantum mechanics and the implications of local causality, a concept insisted on by Einstein. John Bell's work played a major role in the development of our current understanding of the profound nature of quantum concepts and of the fundamental limitations they impose on the applicability of the classical ideas of space, time and locality. This book includes all of John Bell's published and unpublished papers on the conceptual and philosophical problems of quantum mechanics, including two papers that appeared after the first edition was published. The book includes a short Preface written by the author for the first edition, and also an introduction by Alain Aspect that puts into context John Bell's enormous contribution to the quantum philosophy debate.