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Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference

Electromagnetically induced grating in a degenerate open two-level system

George C. Cardoso, J. W. R. Tabosa

Published Nov 13, 2002• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

Summary form only given. The demonstration of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) on an atomic transition along with its potential possibilities of applications has driven a much deeper investigation on the atom-field interaction, specifically concerning to the level degeneracy. This coherent response of an atomic system can also be studied through four-wave mixing (FWM), a process named electromagnetically induced grating (EIG) which present the advantage of being a background free technique. In this work we present results on the observation of subnatural EIG resonance in a degenerate open two-level system where the Zeeman degeneracy plays a important role. The experiment is performed in cold cesium atoms obtained from a MOT and employs the conventional backwards FWM configuration.

DOI
10.1109/qels.2001.961800

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Summary form only given. The demonstration of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) on an atomic transition along with its potential possibilities of applications has driven a much deeper investigation on the atom-field interaction, specifically concerning to the level degeneracy. This coherent response of an atomic system can also be studied through four-wave mixing (FWM), a process named electromagnetically induced grating (EIG) which present the advantage of being a background free technique. In this work we present results on the observation of subnatural EIG resonance in a degenerate open two-level system where the Zeeman degeneracy plays a important role. The experiment is performed in cold cesium atoms obtained from a MOT and employs the conventional backwards FWM configuration.
We have experimentally investigated laser diffraction on electromagnetically induced gratings in a degenerate open two-level system. The experiment employs the standard backward four-wave mixing configuration and the open ${6S}_{1/2}(F=4)\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{6P}_{3/2}{(F}^{\ensuremath{'}}=4)$ transition of cold cesium atoms. Population and coherence gratings are accessed for different relative polarizations of the incident laser beams. Natural and subnatural linewidths are observed depending on which frequency of the incident beams is scanned and reveal the effect of the atomic motion on the diffraction spectra. A simple theoretical model using a three-level $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ system is in reasonable agreement with the observed results and allowed us to make a close connection with the phenomenon of electromagnetically induced transparency.
Employing two lasers as the coupling and probe fields which have opposite circular polarization (σ + and σ -), electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in Λ-type Zeeman sublevels of cesium 6 2S 1/2F=3-6 2P 3/2F′=2 degenerate two-level system has been demonstrated via probe absorption spectra. The effect of the intensity and detuning of different coupling. Laser on EII was also investigated in experiments. Within the Doppler background, optical pumping among Zeeman sub-levels and the population of different Zeeman sub-levels can dominate the intensity of EIT effect. And the physical reason of the rugged spectra are presented qualitatively.
Employing an intense laser field coupling to the degenerate two-level system of cesium 6 2S_ 1/2(F=4)- 6 2P_ 3/2(F′=5) transition in a cesium vapor cell, electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) has been demonstrated via probe absorption spectra, at the same time, electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) of V-type three-level scheme has been demonstrated on the F=4-F′=3 and F=4-F′=4 transition frequency. The EIA is affected by the intensity and detuning of the coupling laser. By analyzing the effect of optical pumping between Zeeman sub-levels on the EIA and the coherent interactions between multiple degenerate two-level atoms, it is shown that the optical pumping affects the population of different Zeeman sub-levels and the number of the involved two-level atoms, the coherent time between the sub-levels is then changed and the linewidth and intensity of the EIA are affected accordingly.
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a four-level atomic system suppresses linear absorption and leads to resonantly enhanced slow-light four-wave mixing at low light intensities. We analyse the backward four-wave mixing in the four-level system under the EIT conditions, derive the four-wave-mixing efficiency and discuss slow-light propagation conditions. We present experimental measurements of resonant four-wave mixing with the backward scheme in cold Rb atoms and compare the experimental results with the theoretical calculations.