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Chinese Physics B

Cryptanalysis and improvement of a quantum secret sharing scheme based on χ-type entangled states

Zhenchao Zhu, Yuqing Zhang, Anmin Fu

Published Jan 1, 2012• 8 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In the paper [ 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 050306 ], Yang et al. put forward a novel three-party quantum secret sharing protocol of secure direct communication based on χ-type entangled states, they claimed that the scheme is secure. However, in this paper, we study the security of the protocol and find that it is insecure. Applying intercept and resend attack, the agent Bob can obtain Alice's secret without the help from the other agent Charlie. In the end, we give our effective modification for its improvement.

DOI
10.1088/1674-1056/21/1/010307

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In the paper [ 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 050306 ], Yang et al. put forward a novel three-party quantum secret sharing protocol of secure direct communication based on χ-type entangled states, they claimed that the scheme is secure. However, in this paper, we study the security of the protocol and find that it is insecure. Applying intercept and resend attack, the agent Bob can obtain Alice's secret without the help from the other agent Charlie. In the end, we give our effective modification for its improvement.
Abstract In the paper (EPJ Quant. Technol. 10:29, 2023), Kuo et al. proposed a multiparty quantum secret sharing protocol based on a novel structure and single qubits. Owing to the absence of an entanglement state, the proposed protocol is more practical than other quantum secret sharing protocols which use entanglement properties. Therefore, we study the security of the proposed protocol and find there exists a security loophole in the n-party ( n≥4n\geq 4n≥4 n ≥ 4 ) secret sharing case in it, that is, two dishonest agents can collude to obtain (part of) Alice’s secret without the help of the other agents. In order to overcome the security loophole, we give an improved protocol and make a security analysis for it. By calculating, the qubit efficiency of the three-party case in it is equal to 18\frac{1}{8}81​ 1 8 , which is higher than that in Hillery et al.’s protocol (Phys. Rev. A 59:1829, 1999).
Two quantum secret sharing (QSS) protocols in a multiuser quantum direct communication (QDC) network system were put forward by Hong et al. [ Chin. Phys. Lett. 29 (2012) 050303 ]. However, we find that either agent (Bob or Charlie) alone can obtain half the information about the sender's secret without collaboration with the other, which does not satisfy the security requirement of QSS. Moreover, the secret message sent by Alice in the second protocol can be eavesdropped on or its communication can be disturbed by the builder of quantum channels (Trent).