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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Weakly bound (6s1/2+ 6p1/2)0−gCs2levels analysed using the vibrational quantum defect: detection of two deeply bound (6s1/2+ 6p3/2)0−glevels

Laurence Pruvost, Haikel Jelassi

Published Jun 1, 2010• 11 citations

Abstract

1 Weakly bound (6s 1/2 +6p 1/2)0 g - Cs 2 levels analysed using the vibrational quantum defect. Detection of two deeply bound (6s 1/2 +6p 3/2)0 g - levels. Abstract. We report on the analysis of the (6s 1/2 +6p 1/2)0 g - weakly-bound levels of Cs 2 detected by photoassociation spectroscopy. We compare three methods of analysis: the use of the LeRoy-Bernstein formula, the use of the improved LeRoy-Bernstein formula and the use of the vibrational quantum defect. We show that the vibrational quantum defect method is more sensitive than the other methods and allows us to detect two deeplybound levels of the (6s 1/2 +6p 3/2)0 g - potential, which are not detected by the others methods. The binding energies of the levels are found to be 565.49 cm -1 and 591.43 cm-1 below the (6s 1/2 +6p 3/2) dissociation limit.

DOI: 10.1088/0953-4075/43/12/125301

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1 Weakly bound (6s 1/2 +6p 1/2)0 g - Cs 2 levels analysed using the vibrational quantum defect. Detection of two deeply bound (6s 1/2 +6p 3/2)0 g - levels. Abstract. We report on the analysis of the (6s 1/2 +6p 1/2)0 g - weakly-bound levels of Cs 2 detected by photoassociation spectroscopy. We compare three methods of analysis: the use of the LeRoy-Bernstein formula, the use of the improved LeRoy-Bernstein formula and the use of the vibrational quantum defect. We show that the vibrational quantum defect method is more sensitive than the other methods and allows us to detect two deeplybound levels of the (6s 1/2 +6p 3/2)0 g - potential, which are not detected by the others methods. The binding energies of the levels are found to be 565.49 cm -1 and 591.43 cm-1 below the (6s 1/2 +6p 3/2) dissociation limit.

The photoassociation spectroscopic data of the long-range molecular 1g state of Cs 2 in the asymptotic range red detuned [-5.02, -2.45 cm -1 ] to the (6S 1/2 +6P 3/2 ) dissociation limit detected using photon counting technique are presented and 18 new high-lying vibrational energy levels are obtained. Fitting experimental data to the improved LeRoy–Bernstein (LRB) formula, we have obtained the long-range molecular coefficient c 3 with a high precision and also demonstrated the necessity of the improved LRB formula for more precise c 3 coefficient by analyzing the residual from fitting procedure.

High precision photoassociation spectroscopy is performed in ultracold cesium gas, with detunings as large as 51 cm(-1) below the Cs(6S(1/2))+Cs(6P(3/2)) asymptote. Trap-loss fluorescence detection is used for detecting the photoassociation to excited state ultracold molecules. Long vibrational progressions are assigned to electronic states of 0(g) (-), 0(u) (+), and 1(g) symmetry. The spectral data are fitted to a LeRoy-Bernstein equation, in order to obtain the effective coefficients of the leading long-range interaction term (C(3)/R(3)) and the relative vibrational quantum numbers measured down from dissociation. Additionally we present evidence for perturbations between the 0(g) (-) state and the dark 2(u) state.

We have performed high precision photoassociation spectroscopy of ultracold cesium gas. Using trap-loss fluorescence detection and controlling the background cesium pressure we were able to photoassociate atoms into excited states of ultracold molecules with large detunings up to 56 cm(-1) below the Cs(6S(1/2)) + Cs(6P(1/2)) atomic asymptote. Vibrational progressions are assigned to 0(g)(-), 0(u)(+), and 1(g) long-range states. By fitting the spectral data to the LeRoy-Bernstein expression, the effective coefficients of the leading long-range interactions and the vibrational quantum number at dissociation are obtained. In addition we have observed spectral perturbations between states of the same symmetry belonging to different asymptotes (6P(1/2) and 6P(3/2)). The perturbations are manifested through irregular vibrational level spacings and are especially pronounced in the 0(u)(+) symmetry. Many observed rotational levels indicate d- and higher partial wave contributions to the photoassociation cross section in the presence of trapping laser light, while spectral regions with only weak features suggest nodes in the lower state wave functions corresponding to the two ground state atoms asymptote.

We report on new observations of the photoassociation spectroscopy of ultracold cesium molecules using a highly sensitive detection technique and a combined analysis with all observed electronic states. The technique is achieved by directly modulating the frequency of the trapping lasers of a magneto-optical trap. New observations of the Cs2 0g(-), 0u(+), and 1g states at the asymptotes 6S1/2 + 6P1/2 and 6S1/2 + 6P3/2 are reported. The spectral range is extended to the red detuning of 112 cm(-1) below the 6S1/2 + 6P3/2 dissociation limit. Dozens of vibrational levels of the ultracold Cs2 0g(-), 0u(+), and 1g states are observed for the first time. The available experimental binding energies of these states are analyzed simultaneously in a framework of the generalized LeRoy-Bernstein theory and the almost degenerate perturbation theory by Marinescu and Dalgarno [Phys. Rev. A: At., Mol., Opt. Phys. 52, 311 (1995)]. The unique atomic-related parameter c3 governing the dispersion forces of all the molecular states is estimated as (10.29 ± 0.05) a.u.