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Photoionization Cross Section Measurement of Rb 5P3/2

Charles Young

Published Jan 1, 2012• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Photoionization cross sections are known to be dependent on the ionizing photon energy. The proposed research project aims at determining photoionization cross sections at previously unexplored ionizing wavelengths for the rubidium 5P3/2 excited state. This data allows for comparison with theoretical predictions of the photoionization cross section versus the ionizing photon energy. 3

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Photoionization cross sections are known to be dependent on the ionizing photon energy. The proposed research project aims at determining photoionization cross sections at previously unexplored ionizing wavelengths for the rubidium 5P3/2 excited state. This data allows for comparison with theoretical predictions of the photoionization cross section versus the ionizing photon energy. 3
We report the measurement of the photoionization cross section for the 5S1/2{5S}_{1/2}5S1/2​ state of rubidium, using atoms confined in a magneto-optical trap. A single-photon rate at $\ensuremath{\lambda}=266\mathrm{nm}$ was found by monitoring the decay of trap fluorescence after exposure to ionizing radiation from a quadrupled Nd:YVO4{\mathrm{N}\mathrm{d}:\mathrm{Y}\mathrm{V}\mathrm{O}}_{4}Nd:YVO4​ laser. In order to eliminate excited-state ionization, the photoionization and trapping lasers were alternately chopped, so that only ground-state atoms were ionized. We determine that the photoionization cross section at $\ensuremath{\lambda}=266\mathrm{nm}$ is $\ensuremath{\sigma}=1.7(2)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}20}{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}.$
We describe a new technique for accurate measurement of absolute photoionization cross sections. By measuring the loss rateof atoms from a laser trap in the presence of ionizing light, we directly measure the photoionization rate. The only quantities requiring absolute calibration are the ionizing laser intensity and the fractional population in the relevant state. Our technique is capable of detecting extremely small ionization rates, which means that low-power cw sources can be used. We have applied this method to photoionization from the 5P(3/2) state of rubidium at wavelengths of 413 and 407 nm.The cross sections are 1.36(12) x 10(-17) and 1.25(11) x 10(-17) cm(2) , respectively.
We present microwave cavity resonance spectroscopy as a technique to determine excited-state photoionization cross sections of laser-cooled atoms. We demonstrate this technique by measuring the photoionization cross section of the $5^{2}P_{3/2}({F}^{\ensuremath{'}}=4)$ excited state of 85Rb^{85}\mathrm{Rb}85Rb to continuum by creating an ultracold plasma inside a 5-GHz resonant microwave cavity. We find a photoionization cross section of $\ensuremath{\sim}5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}22}\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}{\mathrm{m}}^{2}$ for photon excess energies of 50, 100, 200, and 500 K above the ionization threshold. The measurements yield a cross section which is approximately 2 to 3 times smaller than the value provided by existing theory for the 5p5p5p excited state of 85Rb^{85}\mathrm{Rb}85Rb and two earlier measurements performed with other techniques for similar excess energies.
We report on measurements of the cross section for photoionization of Rb atoms in the highly excited 5D5/2{5D}_{5/2}5D5/2​ level at wavelengths ranging from 1064 to 532 nm (photoelectron energies of 0.175 to 1.34 eV). We efficiently populate the 5D5/2{5D}_{5/2}5D5/2​ level using coherent two-photon excitation of trapped atoms with pulses in the counterintuitive order. The absolute photoionization cross sections are then measured via the increased loss of atoms from the magneto-optical trap when it is illuminated by the photoionizing light. Our results are in good agreement with new calculations based on the valence-electron parametric potential method.
We report two-step photoionization studies from the 5ppp 2{}^{2}2P3/2{P}_{3/2}P3/2​ excited state of rubidium using two dye lasers simultaneously pumped by a common Nd:YAG laser in conjunction with a thermionic diode ion detector. The photoionization cross section at the first ionization threshold is measured as 18.8 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 3 Mb and at excess energies of 0.013, 0.106, 0.229, and 0.329 eV is measured as 15, 13.6, 12.6, and 12.5 Mb, respectively. The measured value of the photoionization cross section at the threshold is used to calibrate the oscillator strengths of the 5ppp 2{}^{2}2P3/2{P}_{3/2}P3/2​ \ensuremath{\rightarrow} nnnd 2{}^{2}2D5/2{D}_{5/2}D5/2​ (22 \ensuremath{\leqslant} nnn \ensuremath{\leqslant} 52) Rydberg transitions.
We present a complete experimental determination of the atomic parameters necessary to unambiguously characterize two-photon ionization of atomic rubidium, i.e., the relative photoionization cross sections and the continuum wave function phase difference. We obtain these complete results through a single measurement, that of the two-photon photoelectron angular distribution using elliptically polarized light. While measured phase differences are in excellent agreement with expected values, the ratios of photoionization cross sections of the two D channels are not.