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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim (CLEO-PR)

Atomic wave packet dynamics in a standing wave quantum field

Young-Tak Chough, Hyunchul Nha, Kyungwon An

Published Nov 13, 2002• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We analyze a cavity-QED single atom detection system, in the viewpoint of the momentum-quantized quantum trajectory theory. We find that the detection efficiency is not sensitive to the individual atomic trajectory for reasonably slow atoms.
DOI
10.1109/cleopr.2001.971118

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We investigate the single-atom detection system using an optical standing-wave cavity, from the viewpoint of the quantized center-of-mass motion of the atomic wave packet. We show that since the atom-field coupling strength depends upon the overlap integral of the atomic wave packet and the field mode function, the effect of the wave-packet spreading via the momentum exchange process brings about a significant effect in the detection efficiency. We find that, as a result, the detection efficiency is not sensitive to the individual atomic trajectory for reasonably slow atoms. We also address an interesting phenomenon of the atomic wave-packet splitting occurring when an atom passes through a node of the cavity field.
We present an in-depth study on the behavior of an atomic wave packet which is placed in a standing wave cavity prepared in various states of light. We extract a simple classical oscillator model out of the dynamics of the quantum system. We quantitatively resolve the states of the spatially reorganized wave packet by the dressed state spatial probability distribution functions we developed. We also report a novel type of the “quantum collapse and revival” behavior of the Rabi nutation which is originated from the effect of the quantized atomic center-of-mass motion on the atomic internal motion.
Summary form only given. A new regime in cavity QED is realized in which single atoms interact with the cavity field for very long times (i.e., many Rabi cycles) and in which the atomic kinetic energy is comparable to or smaller than the dipole coupling energy. The mechanical effects of just a few-photon light field should therefore enable single atoms to be trapped in effective potential wells. We consider such a situation in the far detuned dispersive regime of cavity QED, where a single atom is confined in the lower (quantized) bound states of the effective optical potential formed around an antinode of the standing wave cavity field.