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International Conference on Communications

Secrecy capacity enhancement in two-hop DF relaying systems in the presence of eavesdropper

Elham Nosrati, Xianbin Wang, Arash Khabbazibasmenj

Published Jun 1, 2015• 13 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper, we propose a random phase shifting scheme applied to modulated data symbols of a dual-hop decode-and-forward (DF) relaying system to enhance its secrecy capacity in the presence of an eavesdropper, which can wiretap the communication signals of both hops. The random phase shift used in the proposed scheme is generated using a shared secret between transmitter and receiver of each hop, such as the reciprocal channel between the communicating devices, which is not accessible to the eavesdropper. Through theoretical analysis of the secrecy capacity, we have proven that the proposed scheme improves the ergodic secrecy capacity of the system. Notably, the proposed scheme is energy efficient so it can be applied to the systems with limited power resources at source and relay nodes.

DOI
10.1109/icc.2015.7249503

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In this paper, we propose a random phase shifting scheme applied to modulated data symbols of a dual-hop decode-and-forward (DF) relaying system to enhance its secrecy capacity in the presence of an eavesdropper, which can wiretap the communication signals of both hops. The random phase shift used in the proposed scheme is generated using a shared secret between transmitter and receiver of each hop, such as the reciprocal channel between the communicating devices, which is not accessible to the eavesdropper. Through theoretical analysis of the secrecy capacity, we have proven that the proposed scheme improves the ergodic secrecy capacity of the system. Notably, the proposed scheme is energy efficient so it can be applied to the systems with limited power resources at source and relay nodes.
This paper proposes using cooperative relays to improve the ergodic secrecy capacity (ESC) of a multi-hop decode-and-forward (DF) relaying system where communication takes place in the presence of multiple non-colluding eavesdroppers. The proposed scheme is based on a recent approach to generate artificial noise in which transmitter of each hop allocates a portion of its power for generating an intentional interference at the eavesdroppers. Under the assumption that the transmitters can only use limited transmit power, a power allocation strategy has been developed which maximizes the secrecy capacity by optimally distributing the power between the original signal and the artificial noise. Since the optimal solution depends on the channel state information (CSI) of the eavesdroppers, which is difficult to obtain in practice, a sub-optimal solution is also presented in which the CSI of the eavesdroppers is not needed.
Cooperative communications is obviously an evolution in wireless networks due to its noticeable advantages such as increasing the coverage as well as combating fading and shadowing effects. However, the broadcast characteristic of a wireless medium which is exploited in cooperative communications leads to a variety of security vulnerabilities. As cooperative communication networks are globally expanded, they expose to security attacks and threats more than ever. Primarily, researchers have focused on upper layers of network architectures to meet the requirements for secure cooperative transmission while the upper-layer security solutions are incapable of combating a number of security threats, e.g., jamming attacks. To address this issue, physical-layer security has been recommended as a complementary solution in the literature. In this thesis, physical layer attacks of the cooperative communication systems are studied, and corresponding security techniques including cooperative jamming, beamforming and diversity approaches are investigated. In addition, a novel security solution for a two-hop decode-and-forward relaying system is presented where the transmitters insert a random phase shift to the modulated data of each hop. The random phase shift is created based on a shared secret among communicating entities. Thus, the injected phase shift confuses the eavesdropper and secrecy capacity improves. Furthermore, a cooperative jamming strategy for multi-hop decode-and-forward relaying systems is presented where multiple non-colluding illegitimate nodes can overhear the communication. The jamming signal is created by the transmitter of each hop while being sent with the primary signal. The jamming signal is known at the intended receiver as it is according to a secret common knowledge between the communicating entities. Hence, artificial noise misleads the eavesdroppers, and decreases their signal-to-noise-ratio. As a result, secrecy capacity of the system is improved. Finally, power allocation among friendly jamming and main signal is proposed to ensure that suggested scheme enhances secrecy.
In this paper, we investigate secure communication for a dual-hop relay channel in the presence of an eavesdropper. A novel independent randomize-and-forward (IRF) strategy is proposed to enhance the secrecy performance, where the relay maps the decoded message to an independent message set then encodes the message by random-coding argument. For the discrete model, we establish the achievable rate-equivocation for the IRF strategy. For the Gaussian model, we derive the perfect secrecy rate of IRF strategy and compare it with decode-and-forward (DF), amplify-and-forward (AF) and noise-forwarding (NF) strategies. Theoretical analysis indicates that the relay's engagement of independent secure coding enhances the security of transmission. Numerical results also show the proposed IRF strategy can significantly improve the secrecy performance of the dual-hop relay channel in some cases.
We have considered a dual‐hop wireless network consisting of a decode‐and‐forward (DF) relay in presence of an eavesdropper. Relay can correctly decode and retransmit only if the received signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) meets a particular threshold. The eavesdropper can tap signals both from the relay and the source. The performance of the maximal ratio combining (MRC) and selection combining (SC) diversity at the eavesdropper is investigated. Whether knowledge of channel state information (CSI) at the transmitter is available or not is considered for the performance evaluation in secrecy outage probability and ergodic secrecy rate. Asymptotic analyses of performances are provided. We show that direct link has a significant impact on system secrecy. It is found that secrecy performances are the best if the relay is always able to decode correctly. We also found that knowledge of CSI helps to achieve better secrecy at lower rate. It is observed that unbalance created due to constraint on either of the source‐relay link average SNR or relay‐destination link average SNR does not yield similar secrecy outage performance but both can limit the secrecy outage performance. On the contrary, it is found that only source‐relay link quality can limit the ergodic secrecy rate performance.
In this paper, we consider secure communications of one source-destination pair in wireless multi-hop decode-and-forward (DF) relay networks. In the presence of an eavesdropper, we derive an optimal power allocation strategy to maximize achievable secrecy rates under an overall transmit power constraint assuming that a single relay is located at each individual hop. We demonstrate that the optimal power allocation is obtained when the overall power constraint and the DF-relaying constraints necessary to guarantee that each DF relay correctly decodes the information signals hold with equality, which rely on channel conditions between the source, relays, and destination. The channel conditions for the eavesdropper are shown to only influence relays that may be inactive for secrecy rate maximization. We also consider multiple cooperative relays at each hop to perform cooperative beamforming in the presence of multiple eavesdroppers. To improve the secrecy rate in multi-hop relay networks, which include more than two hops, we propose an iterative cooperative beamformer design and transmit power allocation scheme with relay selection. Numerical results are presented to investigate the secrecy capacity obtained by the optimal power allocation in multi-hop DF relay networks and to confirm the secrecy rate enhancement of the proposed cooperative beamforming scheme.
In this paper, we analyze the secrecy performance of a dual hop communication system with decode and forward relay (DFR) in the presence of an eavesdropper (EAV), which operates in full duplex mode. The secrecy capacity of the system is enhanced by using a Hybrid scheme of combination of time switching-based relaying (TSR) and power splitting-based relaying (PSR). A novel scheme of assisting the confidential information transmission by simultaneous transmission of jamming signal is presented. Both relay and EAV harvest energy from RF signals by using the Hybrid scheme. The performance of the scheme is evaluated in terms of secrecy outage probability (SOP) under several conditions of network parameters and SNRs of inter node channels. We also compare the results of PSR scheme alone in terms of SOP with Hybrid scheme under our proposed jamming model. MATLAB based simulation of our scheme demonstrates significant reduction of SOP.