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Optical and Quantum Electronics

Variations of relative line intensity in saturation spectroscopy due to low magnetic fields

W. K. Hensinger, Andrew G. Truscott, Halina H. Rubinsztein-Dunlop, N. R. Heckenberg

Published Jul 1, 1999• 2 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1023/a:1006902725341

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This thesis gives an overview of saturation spectroscopy of rubidium and presents new experimental and theoretical results concerning the processes occurring in this type of spectroscopy. Dramatic line intensity variations in the saturation spectrum of Rb85 and Rb87 have been observed when the planes of polarisation of the pump and probe beams were rotated relative to the magnetic field axis. The measurements were performed in magnetic fields of the order of 10 nT. The experimentally obtained results are compared to a new theoretical model. This model could also be used for the analysis of the saturation spectra of other alkali metals.  Based on the results obtained, a very sensitive method for the measurement of small magnetic fields is proposed, which is capable of measuring both the direction and magnitude of the magnetic field.
Zeeman splitting in the D 2 line of rubidium atoms ( 87 Rb and 85 Rb) has been studied using 'Doppler broadened' as well as 'saturation absorption spectroscopy'. While a linearly polarized beam was used for the former experiment, in the latter case a (π, σ ± ) polarization configuration was employed for both pump and probe beams. Zeeman lines have been observed by applying a field up to 5 mT. The field variation of relative line intensities in Doppler-broadened spectrum was determined following Tremblay et al and Nakayama's four-level model. For the saturation spectrum, a four-level model was used. Because the enhancement of absorption at the field is as low as 1 mT, the F g = 2 to F e = 3 transition for 87 Rb can be used as the reference for laser locking. Level crossing is observed in 85 Rb at fields less than 5 mT.