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The Journal of Chemical Physics

Investigation on ultracold RbCs molecules in (2)0+ long-range state below the Rb(5S1/2) + Cs(6P1/2) asymptote by high resolution photoassociation spectroscopy

Jinpeng Yuan, Zhonghua Ji, Zhonghao Li, Yanting Zhao, Liantuan Xiao, Suotang Jia

Published Jul 28, 2015• 7 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present high resolution photoassociation spectroscopy of RbCs molecules in (2)0(+) long-range state below the Rb(5S1/2) + Cs(6P1/2) asymptote and derive the corresponding C6 coefficient, which is used to revise the potential energy curves. The excited state molecules are produced in a dual-species dark spontaneous force optical trap and detected by ionizing ground state molecules after spontaneous decay, using a high sensitive time-of-flight mass spectrum. With the help of resonance-enhanced two-photon ionization technique, we obtain considerable high resolution photoassociation spectrum with rovibrational states, some of which have never been observed before. By applying the LeRoy-Bernstein method, we assign the vibrational quantum numbers and deduce C6 coefficient, which agrees with the theoretical value of A(1)Σ(+) state correlated to Rb(5S1/2) + Cs(6P1/2) asymptote. The obtained C6 coefficient is used to revise the long-range potential energy curve for (2)0(+) state, which possesses unique A - b mixing characteristic and can be a good candidate for the production of absolutely ground state molecule.

DOI
10.1063/1.4927472

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Chinese Physics Letters•Aug 1, 2011•8 citations
We present high resolution photoassociation spectroscopy of RbCs molecules in (2)0(+) long-range state below the Rb(5S1/2) + Cs(6P1/2) asymptote and derive the corresponding C6 coefficient, which is used to revise the potential energy curves. The excited state molecules are produced in a dual-species dark spontaneous force optical trap and detected by ionizing ground state molecules after spontaneous decay, using a high sensitive time-of-flight mass spectrum. With the help of resonance-enhanced two-photon ionization technique, we obtain considerable high resolution photoassociation spectrum with rovibrational states, some of which have never been observed before. By applying the LeRoy-Bernstein method, we assign the vibrational quantum numbers and deduce C6 coefficient, which agrees with the theoretical value of A(1)Σ(+) state correlated to Rb(5S1/2) + Cs(6P1/2) asymptote. The obtained C6 coefficient is used to revise the long-range potential energy curve for (2)0(+) state, which possesses unique A - b mixing characteristic and can be a good candidate for the production of absolutely ground state molecule.
Ultracold polar RbCs molecules are produced via photoassociation in a laser-cooled mixture of 85 Rb and 133 Cs atoms. The a 3 Σ + state molecules which decay from electronically excited (2)0 − state RbCs molecules are detected by resonance-enhanced two-photon ionization. The new rovibrational levels ( v = 189, 190) in the (2)0 − state are also observed, which exist in theory and have not been observed in experiments yet. The corresponding rotational constants are measured by photoassociation spectroscopy, which are consistent with theoretical calculations using a nonrigid rotor model.
We report high-resolution photoassociation (PA) spectra of RbCs in the $2({0}^{\ensuremath{-}})$ long-range state. Transitions to more than 50 vibrational levels were recorded with the largest binding energy being 507.5 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$. By fitting the experimental transition frequencies to the improved LeRoy-Bernstein formula, the C6{C}_{6}C6​ coefficient for the potential energy curve of the $2({0}^{\ensuremath{-}})$ state was determined to be $\ensuremath{-}1509\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}97$ a.u.. Perturbation-induced energy level shift and state mixing of the long-range $2({0}^{\ensuremath{-}})$ and 3(1) states have been analyzed using an effective Hamiltonian that may be applied to mixing between other excited states of RbCs, as well as other heteronuclear diatomic molecules. Experimentally observed PA transitions to the $\ensuremath{\nu}=190$ vibrational level of the $2({0}^{\ensuremath{-}})$ state and a vibrational perturbing level in the 3(1) state have been fit using the effective Hamiltonian, which provides the accurate value of the perturbation coefficient ${\ensuremath{\beta}}_{0}$. The experimentally determined rovibronic structure and the deperturbation analysis provide critical information for the search of new schemes for efficient production of ultracold RbCs molecules in the ground state.
We report high-resolution photoassociation (PA) spectra of RbCs in the 2(0 -) long-range state.Transitions to more than fifty vibrational levels were recorded with the largest binding energy being 507.5 cm -1 .By fitting the experimental transition frequencies to the improved LeRoy-Bernstein formula, the C 6 coefficient for the potential energy curve of the 2(0 -) state was determined to be -1509±97 a.u.. Perturbation-induced energy level shift and state mixing of the longrange 2(0 -) and 3(1) states have been analyzed using an effective Hamiltonian that may be applied to mixing between other excited states of RbCs, as well as other heteronuclear diatomic molecules.Experimentally observed PA transitions to the v = 190 vibrational level of the 2(0 -) state and a vibrational perturbing level in the 3(1) state have been fit using the effective Hamiltonian, which provides the accurate value of the perturbation coefficient β 0 .The experimentally determined rovibronic structure and the deperturbation analysis provide critical information for the search of new schemes for efficient production of ultracold RbCs molecules in the ground state.
We present the formation of ultracold (85)Rb(133)Cs molecules in the (5)0(+) electronic state by photoassociation and their detection via resonance-enhanced two-photon ionization. Up to v = 47 vibrational levels including the lowest v = 0 vibrational and lowest J = 0 levels are identified with rotationally resolved high resolution photoassociation spectra. Precise Dunham coefficients are determined for the (5)0(+) state with high accuracy, then the Rydberg-Klein-Rees potential energy curve is derived. The electric dipole moments with respect to the vibrational numbers of the (5)0(+) electronic state of (85)Rb(133)Cs molecule are also measured in the range between 1.9 and 4.8 D. These comprehensive studies on previously unobserved rovibrational levels of the (5)0(+) state are helpful to understand the molecular structure and discover suitable transition pathways for transferring ultracold atoms to deeply bound rovibrational levels of the electronic ground state.
We investigate the production of ultracold ground state X 1 σ + (v = 0) RbCs molecules in the lowest vibrational level via short-range photoassociation followed by spontaneous emission. The starting point is the laser cooled 85 Rb and 133 Cs atoms in a dual species, forced dark magneto-optical trap. The special intermediate level (5)0 + (v = 10) correlated to the (2) 3 π electric state is achieved by the photoassociation process. The formed ground state X 1 σ + (v = 0) molecule is resonantly excited to the 2 1 π intermediate state by a 651 nm pulse laser and is ionized by a 532 nm pulse laser and then detected by the time-of-flight mass spectrum. Saturation of the photoionization spectroscopy at large ionization laser energy is observed and the ionization efficiency is obtained from the fitting. The production of ultracold ground state 85 Rb 133 Cs molecules is facilitative for the further research about the manipulation of ultracold molecules in the rovibrational ground state.
We have produced ultracold polar RbCs molecules via photoassociation starting from laser-cooled 85 Rb and 133 Cs atoms in a dual-species, forced dark magneto-optical trap. The formed electronically excited RbCs* molecules correlated to the Rb(5S 1/2 ) + Cs(6P 1/2 ) dissociation limit are observed by trap loss spectroscopy. Following the decay of these excited RbCs* molecules, the formed ground state molecules are directly ionized by a two-photon single-color pulse dye laser, which is a new ionization mechanism for ground state RbCs molecules and thence detected by time-of-flight mass spectroscopy.