A simple derivation based on the generalized Hellmann–Feynman theorem is given for the three-term recursion relation for 〈rN〉 in the energy eigenstates of a hydrogenic atom and the harmonic oscillator in one, two, and three dimensions.
Multipole moments for the harmonic oscillator as well as for other familiar quantum systems can be obtained without knowledge of the wavefunction by means of simple recursion relations. The third-order differential equation satisfied by the probability density is first obtained and from it, the recursion relation for the moments is directly deduced. A general and presumably novel formula giving all the multipole moments is obtained by solving the finite difference equation generated by the recursion relation.