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Communications in Theoretical Physics

Absorption-Dispersion Properties in a Four-Level Atomic System with Vacuum-Induced Coherence

Hua Wei, Jiahua Li, Zhiming Zhan, Peng Ju-Cun

Published Jul 1, 2005• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

We discuss and analyze absorption-dispersion response for the probe field in a typical four-level atomic system with vacuum-induced coherence (VIC) arising from the cross coupling pathways associated with a pair of upper excited hyperfine levels. We find that VIC effect can preserve electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) by using the detailed numerical simulations based on the density-matrix equations and analytical calculations in the dressed-state picture. We also show that the atomic hyperfine structure cannot be a hindrance to obtaining EIT.

DOI
10.1088/6102/44/1/146

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We discuss and analyze absorption-dispersion response for the probe field in a typical four-level atomic system with vacuum-induced coherence (VIC) arising from the cross coupling pathways associated with a pair of upper excited hyperfine levels. We find that VIC effect can preserve electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) by using the detailed numerical simulations based on the density-matrix equations and analytical calculations in the dressed-state picture. We also show that the atomic hyperfine structure cannot be a hindrance to obtaining EIT.
We discuss and analyze absorption-dispersion response for the probe field in a typical four-level atomic system with vacuum-induced coherence (VIC) arising from the cross coupling pathways associated with a pair of upper excited hyperfine levels. We find that VIC effect can preserve electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) by using the detailed numerical simulations based on the density-matrix equations and analytical calculations in the dressed-state picture. We also show that the atomic hyperfine structure cannot be a hindrance to obtaining EIT.
We discuss and analyze absorption-dispersion response for the probe field in a typical four-level atomic system with vacuum-induced coherence (VIC) arising from the cross coupling pathways associated with a pair of upper excited hyperfine levels. We find that VIC effect can preserve electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) by using the detailed numerical simulations based on the density-matrix equations and analytical calculations in the dressed-state picture. We also show that the atomic hyperfine structure cannot be a hindrance to obtaining EIT.
Due to interaction with the vacuum of the radiation field, a K-type atomic system with near-degenerate excited and ground levels, which is driven by two strong coherent fields and two weak probe fields, has additional coherence terms — the vacuum-induced coherence (VIC) terms. In this paper, we find that, if the interference is optimized, the two-photon absorption properties of this atom system can be significantly modified and electromagnetically-induced transparency (EIT) is dependent on this interference. Furthermore, we find that in all the cases the coherence can suppress or enhance the partial two-photon transparency, while the complete transparency window is still strictly preserved, which means that it cannot be affected by the VIC. Another important result is the finding of the crucial role played by the relative phase between the probe and coupling fields: the relative height of absorption peaks can be modulated by the relative phase. The physical interpretation of the phenomena has been given.
When the interactions of the two coupling transitions from an excited level to two nearly degenerate ground levels with the same vacuum occur in a four-level tripod-scheme atomic system, vacuum-induced coherence (VIC) results from the quantum interference between the two spontaneous transitions. We investigate the effects of VIC and the relative phase between the two coupling fields on the probe absorption and dispersion properties as well as the group velocity of the probe field. We find that by adjusting the incoherent pumping field and VIC as well as the relative phase, the central absorption peak in the double transparency spectrum reduces, even develops into a gain dip, and the probe field propagates at a velocity from superluminal to subluminal. It is particularly pointed out that the subluminal light propagation with gain without inversion can be realized in such a system. The physical interpretation of the phenomena has been given.
In this paper, we analyze and discuss the absorption properties of the probe beam in a four-level atomic system with a nearly hyper-fine doublet structure of two higher-lying excited levels based on electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) for the two cases of transient process and steady-state process. The main gain of this work is to investigate theoretically the influence of the nearly hyper-fine levels on the probe absorption. For the transient process, using the numerical calculations by a simple Mathematica code we find that the magnitude of the probe absorption at the line center is small compared to the typical three-level atomic system in the context of electromagnetically induced transparency. For the case of the steady state, our results show that the probe absorption can be completely eliminated at the line center of the probe transition just as the usual three-level EIT scheme.