AIP conference proceedings

Experimental studies of self-suppression of vacuum ultraviolet generation in Xe

J. P. Judish, S. L. Allman, W. R. Garrett, M. G. Payne

Published Jan 1, 1989• 1 citation

Abstract

Vacuum ultraviolet light in the range 116 nm to 117 nm was produced by using a two‐photon resonant four‐wave mixing scheme in Xe. The buildup of coherent cancellation of the two‐photon resonant transition employed in the generation of the vacuum ultraviolet, with resulting limitations imposed on the achievable vacuum ultraviolet intensity was investigated. Under certain predicted conditions, increases in the intensity of one of the pumping beams, ≊1500 nn infrared, or tuning this beam towards resonance with the 5p 57s(3/2)1 level of Xe led, not to increases, but decreases in the vacuum ultraviolet generated.

DOI: 10.1063/1.38562

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Experimental studies of self-suppression of vacuum ultraviolet generation in Xe

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AIP conference proceedings

Experimental studies of self-suppression of vacuum ultraviolet generation in Xe

J. P. Judish, S. L. Allman, W. R. Garrett, M. G. Payne

Published Jan 1, 1989• 1 citation

Publisher

Abstract

DOI: 10.1063/1.38562

Related papers

Experimental studies of self-suppression of vacuum ultraviolet generation in Xe

J. P. Judish, S. L. Allman, W. R. Garrett +1 more

Vacuum ultraviolet light in the range 116 nm to 117 nm was produced by using a two-photon resonant four-wave mixing scheme in Xe. The buildup of coherent cancellation of the two-photon resonant transition employed in the generation of the vacuum ultraviolet, with resulting limitations imposed on the achievable vacuum ultraviolet intensity was investigated. Under certain predicted conditions, increases in the intensity of one of the pumping beams, approx.1500 nm infrared, or tuning this beam towards resonance with the 5p/sup 5/7s(3/2)/sub 1/ level of Xe led, not to increases, but decreases in the vacuum ultraviolet generated. 3 refs., 3 figs.Vacuum ultraviolet light in the range 116 nm to 117 nm was produced by using a two-photon resonant four-wave mixing scheme in Xe. The buildup of coherent cancellation of the two-photon resonant transition employed in the generation of the vacuum ultraviolet, with resulting limitations imposed on the achievable vacuum ultraviolet intensity was investigated. Under certain predicted conditions, increases in the intensity of one of the pumping beams, approx.1500 nm infrared, or tuning this beam towards resonance with the 5p/sup 5/7s(3/2)/sub 1/ level of Xe led, not to increases, but decreases in the vacuum ultraviolet generated. 3 refs., 3 figs.

Nov 1, 19880 citations

Effect of the coherent cancellation of the two-photon resonance on the generation of vacuum ultraviolet light by two-photon resonantly enhanced four-wave mixing

M. G. Payne, W. R. Garrett, J. P. Judish +1 more

Many of the most impressive demonstrations of the efficient generation of vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) light have made use of two‐photon resonantly enhanced four‐wave mixing to generate light at ωVUV =2ωL1±ωL2. The two‐photon resonance state is coupled to the ground state both by two photons from the first laser, or by a photon from the second laser and one from the generated VUV beam. We show here that these two coherent pathways destructively interfere once the second laser is made sufficiently intense, thereby leading to an important limiting effect on the achievable conversion efficiency.Many of the most impressive demonstrations of the efficient generation of vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) light have made use of two‐photon resonantly enhanced four‐wave mixing to generate light at ωVUV =2ωL1±ωL2. The two‐photon resonance state is coupled to the ground state both by two photons from the first laser, or by a photon from the second laser and one from the generated VUV beam. We show here that these two coherent pathways destructively interfere once the second laser is made sufficiently intense, thereby leading to an important limiting effect on the achievable conversion efficiency.

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Competition between two-photon-resonant three-photon ionization and four-wave mixing in Xe

Hidekazu Nagai, Taisuke Nakanaga

Competitive inhibition of a resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization process by a resonant four-wave mixing has been observed in Xe atoms. When an intense IR (1064 nm) laser was applied to a sample of Xe which was also being irradiated by a UV laser tuned to the two-photon absorption line of Xe, the two-photon-resonant three-photon ionization signals decreased with increasing IR laser power. This phenomenon is dependent on the resonant states of Xe and the polarization of the two laser beams. Three 6 $s$ excited states [5/2] ${}_{2}$ , [3/2] ${}_{2}$ , and [1/2] ${}_{0}$ were examined. At the [1/2] ${}_{0}$ resonant state, the ion signals were not decreased but slightly increased with the increase of the IR laser power. No suppression of the ion signal was observed at the [5/2] ${}_{2}$ resonant state, when the polarization directions of the lasers were perpendicular to each other. The result of the polarization dependence reflects the selection rules of four-wave mixing. A simple rate equation analysis including the contribution of two-photon ionization from the [1/2] ${}_{0}$ state by the IR laser well represents the IR laser-power dependence of the ion signal.Competitive inhibition of a resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization process by a resonant four-wave mixing has been observed in Xe atoms. When an intense IR (1064 nm) laser was applied to a sample of Xe which was also being irradiated by a UV laser tuned to the two-photon absorption line of Xe, the two-photon-resonant three-photon ionization signals decreased with increasing IR laser power. This phenomenon is dependent on the resonant states of Xe and the polarization of the two laser beams. Three 6$s$ excited states [5/2]${}_{2}$, [3/2]${}_{2}$, and [1/2]${}_{0}$ were examined. At the [1/2]${}_{0}$ resonant state, the ion signals were not decreased but slightly increased with the increase of the IR laser power. No suppression of the ion signal was observed at the [5/2]${}_{2}$ resonant state, when the polarization directions of the lasers were perpendicular to each other. The result of the polarization dependence reflects the selection rules of four-wave mixing. A simple rate equation analysis including the contribution of two-photon ionization from the [1/2]${}_{0}$ state by the IR laser well represents the IR laser-power dependence of the ion signal.

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Measurement of high conversion efficiency to 123.6-nm radiation in a four-wave-mixing scheme enhanced by electromagnetically induced transparency

C. Franklin Dorman, İbrahim Küçükkara, J. P. Marangos

We report measurements of the absolute yield of 123.6-nm vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) radiation produced in a resonant four-wave-mixing scheme in krypton enhanced by electromagnetically induced transparency. One of the mixing fields, in the ultraviolet (UV) at 212.55 nm, was in two-photon resonance with the ${4p}^{6}{}^{1}{S}_{0}--{4p}^{5}5p[0,\frac{1}{2}]$ transition of krypton, while a second field (the coupling field) at 759 nm was resonant with the ${4p}^{5}5p[0,\frac{1}{2}]{\ensuremath{-}4p}^{5}5s[1,\frac{1}{2}]$ transition. Electromagnetically induced transparency has been predicted to be induced by this coupling field and to enhance the efficiency of the generation of the field at 123.6 nm, on the ${4p}^{5}5s[1,\frac{1}{2}]$ to ${4p}^{6}{}^{1}{S}_{0}$ transition. This was confirmed by measurements of the absolute VUV radiation yield using a calibrated photodiode in the limit of a large density-length product. Energies of \ensuremath{\sim}30 nJ were produced, which gave a conversion efficiency, from the coupling field energy of \ensuremath{\sim}1%. Higher yields are thought to be achievable by increasing the coupling laser intensity, the path length of the medium, and by the use of a transform-limited UV pulse of the same duration as the coupling field.We report measurements of the absolute yield of 123.6-nm vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) radiation produced in a resonant four-wave-mixing scheme in krypton enhanced by electromagnetically induced transparency. One of the mixing fields, in the ultraviolet (UV) at 212.55 nm, was in two-photon resonance with the ${4p}^{6}{}^{1}{S}_{0}--{4p}^{5}5p[0,\frac{1}{2}]$ transition of krypton, while a second field (the coupling field) at 759 nm was resonant with the ${4p}^{5}5p[0,\frac{1}{2}]{\ensuremath{-}4p}^{5}5s[1,\frac{1}{2}]$ transition. Electromagnetically induced transparency has been predicted to be induced by this coupling field and to enhance the efficiency of the generation of the field at 123.6 nm, on the ${4p}^{5}5s[1,\frac{1}{2}]$ to ${4p}^{6}{}^{1}{S}_{0}$ transition. This was confirmed by measurements of the absolute VUV radiation yield using a calibrated photodiode in the limit of a large density-length product. Energies of \ensuremath{\sim}30 nJ were produced, which gave a conversion efficiency, from the coupling field energy of \ensuremath{\sim}1%. Higher yields are thought to be achievable by increasing the coupling laser intensity, the path length of the medium, and by the use of a transform-limited UV pulse of the same duration as the coupling field.

Physical Review ADec 8, 199950 citations

s

excited states [5/2]

{}_{2}

, [3/2]

{}_{2}

, and [1/2]

{}_{0}

were examined. At the [1/2]

{}_{0}

resonant state, the ion signals were not decreased but slightly increased with the increase of the IR laser power. No suppression of the ion signal was observed at the [5/2]

{}_{2}

resonant state, when the polarization directions of the lasers were perpendicular to each other. The result of the polarization dependence reflects the selection rules of four-wave mixing. A simple rate equation analysis including the contribution of two-photon ionization from the [1/2]

{}_{0}

state by the IR laser well represents the IR laser-power dependence of the ion signal.

{4p}^{6}{}^{1}{S}_{0}--{4p}^{5}5p[0,\frac{1}{2}]

transition of krypton, while a second field (the coupling field) at 759 nm was resonant with the ${4p}^{5}5p[0,\frac{1}{2}]{\ensuremath{-}4p}^{5}5s[1,\frac{1}{2}]$ transition. Electromagnetically induced transparency has been predicted to be induced by this coupling field and to enhance the efficiency of the generation of the field at 123.6 nm, on the

{4p}^{5}5s[1,\frac{1}{2}]

{4p}^{6}{}^{1}{S}_{0}

transition. This was confirmed by measurements of the absolute VUV radiation yield using a calibrated photodiode in the limit of a large density-length product. Energies of \ensuremath{\sim}30 nJ were produced, which gave a conversion efficiency, from the coupling field energy of \ensuremath{\sim}1%. Higher yields are thought to be achievable by increasing the coupling laser intensity, the path length of the medium, and by the use of a transform-limited UV pulse of the same duration as the coupling field.