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Journal of Low Temperature Physics

Characterization of the Input Noise Sources of a dc SQUID

P. Falferi, M. Bonaldi, MASSIMO CERDONIO, Michael Mück, Andrea Vinante, R. Mezzena, Giovanni Andrea Prodi, Stefano Vitale

Published Jun 1, 2001• 18 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1023/a:1017503631079

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A small signal analysis for the DC SQUID (superconducting quantum interference device) is presented. This analysis involves the linearization of the SQUID equations for a given flux and current bias. Considering the SQUID to be a two-port device, an impedance matrix can be determined for a SQUID coupled to a general input circuit. The two intrinsic noise sources referred to the input are computed. One advantage of this analysis over other models of the DC SQUID is that an analytic expression can be determined for the cross-correlation power spectral density of the noise sources. These results should be useful in determining the signal-to-noise ratio of low-noise SQUIDs for a given application. Other differences and similarities of the small signal analysis to other DC SQUID models are discussed.
The power gain and the noise temperature of a DC SQUID RF amplifier at a signal frequency 400 MHz were measured in the presence of external microwave radiation at 2 cm, 8 mm and 4 mm wavelengths. The authors used a four-loop planar DC SQUID with an integrated input coil and very low values of inductances and stray capacitances. In the noise measurements they used an SIS junction as a precise source of input noise at high DC bias voltage V b >V 2 Delta . In such a configuration the studied system is the same as an SIS mm-wave mixer with a SQUID IF amplifier.