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Springer series in optical sciences/SPringer series in optical sciences

New Measurements with Optical Molasses

P. L. Gould, Paul D. Lett, William D. Phillips

Published Jan 1, 1987• 9 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/978-3-540-47973-4_16

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Since the first optical molasses1 came out, the temperature of the atomic vapor in the optical molasses, which was determined by measuring the time of flight (TOF), was found to be well below the Doppler cooling limit,2 which is based on the assumption that a single frequency laser interacts with the two-energy-level atoms. The new theory3 proposes that this lower temperature is due to the nonadiabatic motion of the atoms with Zeeman sublevels in the optical field with polarization gradients. A bimodal speed distribution in optical molasses was also observed.4