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Acta Physica Polonica A

N-Level Atoms in Multiple Laser Fields, the Long and the Short of It

Joseph H. Eberly

Published Apr 1, 1994• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Dedicated to Prof. Iwo Białynicki-Birula on the occasion of his 60th birthdayThe interaction of multi-level atoms with several to many lasers simultaneously is examined in two regimes, the "short" regime of resonant atomic response to prescribed laser fields, and the "long" regime of resonant pulse propagation in which several to many laser pulses pass through an active medium composed of many-level atoms.Results obtained with I. Białynicki-Birula et al. in the short regime are reviewed, and new results in the long regime are described.

DOI
10.12693/aphyspola.85.685

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Dedicated to Prof. Iwo Białynicki-Birula on the occasion of his 60th birthdayThe interaction of multi-level atoms with several to many lasers simultaneously is examined in two regimes, the "short" regime of resonant atomic response to prescribed laser fields, and the "long" regime of resonant pulse propagation in which several to many laser pulses pass through an active medium composed of many-level atoms.Results obtained with I. Białynicki-Birula et al. in the short regime are reviewed, and new results in the long regime are described.
We investigate short pulses propagation through multilevel atomic vapors. The medium is composed of an ensemble of four atomic levels generated by the hyperfine structure of the D1 transition in Rubidium-87 atoms. The pulses are resonant to their respective optical transitions, in order to have a well-defined pulse area definition. We discuss local stabilization of the pulse area with or without energy stabilization and as a function of the prolonged distance. Furthermore, we explore some new features for the propagation dynamics in multilevel atomic media which are beyond the traditional framework of McCall and Hahn area theorem and self-induced transparency.
The problem of pulse propagation in a resonant multilevel atomic medium, where interference among different channels of interaction occurs, has been studied mainly from the point of view that each interaction channel is independent and carry a different pulse [1] or in partially degenerated systems, like the Zeeman laser, where the problem is basically reduced to compiting modes in steady conditions [2]. The interference between different couplings is a well known feature in spectroscopy, like level crossing and depolarization [3], which have been known for long and received renewed attention as nonlinear process due to the laser [4].
We consider a double two-level system in which each single two-level system is driven by a strong pulse. The light shifts induced by the strong field are probed by a weak pulse that connects the two sub-system in a crossed manner connecting the ground state of one system with the excited state of the other and vice versa. We are interested in coherent control of medium gain for the weak pulse and we demonstrate the conditions on laser and atomic parameters that render this control possible. Both ultra-short and long pulse regimes are discussed
A new exact result is presented on the lossless propagation of simultaneous different-wavelength optical pulses through an atomic medium with general NNN energy levels in an extended $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ or VVV configuration.
The propagation property of an ultrashort pulse in multi-level quantum system has been investigated with numerical method. A strong absorption is observed and its degree depends on the characteristic time of quantum system. For rather weak laser field, the self-induced transparency can still be observed with proper pulse area of the input ultrashort laser. When the ultrashort laser pulse becomes stronger, it will be split, and its basic split unit （i.e. the minimum area of a stably propagating laser pulse） A0 is not the same as that of two-level quantum system, which depends on the number of the excited states and their dipoles. Furthermore, after a rather long propagating distance, there only remains a shorter but more intense sub-pulse with an area of A0.