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Acta Physica Sinica

Establishment of multi-user quantum channel of entangled multi-atom based on cavity QED

Han Zhao, Zhou Xiao-Qing, Xiaolin Yang, 吉首大学物理科学与信息工程学院,吉首 416000

Published Jan 1, 2009• 2 citations

Abstract

We present a scheme for establishing a multi-user quantum channel of multi-atom entangled W states and GHZ states based on cavity QED. Each user has shared EPR pairs with quantum switch during the leisure time of quantum network. An entangled W state is prepared base on two EPR pairs in cavity field by quantum switch at first，and entanglement swapping and direct measurement is operated on the other EPR pairs to establish a quantum channel of W states between three users. In the same way, we can establish a quantum channel of four atoms entangled W state. Three atoms of quantum switch simultaneously interact with cavity field to establish a quantum channel of entangled GHZ states between three users after direct measurement, and we also establish an N users’ quantum channel of entangled GHZ states.

DOI: 10.7498/aps.58.5970

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This paper proposes a simple scheme for generating a three-atom GHZ state via cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED). The task can be achieved through the interaction between two EPR states, which can be prepared easily with current technology. In this scheme, the cavity field is only virtually excited during the interaction process, and no quantum information transfer between the atoms and the cavity is required. Thus it greatly prolongs the efficient decoherent time. Moreover, this scheme is also applicable for generating an N -atom GHZ state.

We have investigated the problem of teleporting a three-atom entangled W state and propose two schemes based on entanglement swapping to complete the teleportation. We put forward the first scheme for the teleportation of W state by using an EPR pair and a GHZ state via vacuum cavities, the second scheme for teleporting W state by using two EPR pairs as quantum channels and introducing an addition atom via thermal cavities. Further more, the distinct advantage of the present schemes are that the Bell-state measurement is not required. The effects of cavity decay and thermal field are all eliminated.

Dense coding of multi-atom entangled states in cavity QED is studied. If the quantum channel is generalized GHZ states, dense coding can be directly realized in a simply way. As for the partially entangled pure states, we propose a feasible protocol for entanglement concentration, and the efficiency of information transmitted is calculated. The schemes are insensitive to the cavity decay and the field state, due to the fact that the interaction here is a large-detuned one between atoms and the cavity.