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arXiv:2610.04562

Geometry-Controlled Squeezed-Waveguide Enabled Quantum Batteries

Luis D. Zambrano-Palma, Yusef Maleki, M. Suhail Zubairy

quant-phSubmitted Oct 3, 2026• Announced Oct 6, 2026• 0 citations
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Abstract

Harnessed nonclassical resources to enhance the performance of quantum batteries is an important goal of quantum technology. In this work, we investigate multi-emitter batteries coupled to a one-dimensional waveguide driven by a broadband squeezed-vacuum reservoir, and determine how the waveguide geometry controls the battery performance and and their thermodynamic features. We show that for a single emitter, the squeezed reservoir deposits finite energy while the state remains passive, yielding zero ergotropy. For two emitters, however, phase-sensitive reservoir correlations generate coherence and can drive the steady state into a fully nonpassive regime. For three emitters, collective thermal dynamics already supports finite ergotropy, while squeezing further increases the extractable component of the stored energy. Crucially, because the collective and phase-sensitive couplings depend on the emitter positions, geometry provides direct control over the nonclassical correlations and, consequently, over the nonpassivity of the steady state. The ergotropy can therefore be strongly modulated while the stored energy changes only weakly, and in the two-emitter configuration geometry alone can switch the battery between a passive steady state and one in which all stored energy is unitarily extractable.

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Harnessed nonclassical resources to enhance the performance of quantum batteries is an important goal of quantum technology. In this work, we investigate multi-emitter batteries coupled to a one-dimensional waveguide driven by a broadband squeezed-vacuum reservoir, and determine how the waveguide geometry controls the battery performance and and their thermodynamic features. We show that for a single emitter, the squeezed reservoir deposits finite energy while the state remains passive, yielding zero ergotropy. For two emitters, however, phase-sensitive reservoir correlations generate coherence and can drive the steady state into a fully nonpassive regime. For three emitters, collective thermal dynamics already supports finite ergotropy, while squeezing further increases the extractable component of the stored energy. Crucially, because the collective and phase-sensitive couplings depend on the emitter positions, geometry provides direct control over the nonclassical correlations and, consequently, over the nonpassivity of the steady state. The ergotropy can therefore be strongly modulated while the stored energy changes only weakly, and in the two-emitter configuration geometry alone can switch the battery between a passive steady state and one in which all stored energy is unitarily extractable.
We investigate the role of spatial geometry in controlling energy storage and work extraction in a non-Markovian quantum battery. The system consists of two identical two-level systems coupled to a structured waveguide reservoir, where one qubit serves as the charger and the other as the battery. The spatial separation between the qubits introduces a geometry-dependent phase that governs collective interference, directly modulating the decay channels and energy transfer dynamics. We show that tuning the interqubit distance allows for the engineering of bright and dark collective pathways, which, in conjunction with environmental memory, significantly enhances the charging power, maximal stored energy, and ergotropy revivals.
Abstract Reservoir engineering has been widely used in various quantum technologies. Based on a cavity-QED (quantum electrodynamics) model, we propose a potentially practical scheme using squeezed-vacuum reservoir engineering to optimize the performance of a quantum battery (QB) located inside a cavity driven by a broadband squeezed laser, which acts as a squeezed-vacuum reservoir. Using the reduced master equation of the QB obtained via the adiabatic elimination method, we focus on the QB’s charging dynamics under tunable squeezed reservoirs governed by parametrically controlled squeezing parameters, which dictate the efficiency of energy transfer and the extractable work (ergotropy) of the QB. We show that increasing the squeezing strength improves the charging rate and enables rapid energy transfer, whereas the steady-state energy of the QB saturates at specific values of the squeezing parameter. Notably, the ergotropy of the QB reaches its maximum at a critical squeezing strength and does not scale monotonically with the squeezing strength. This nonmonotonic behavior underscores the existence of optimal parameter regimes, through which the performance of the QB can be significantly enhanced.
Quantum batteries utilize nonclassical resources to achieve charging speed and energy storage performances that surpass classical thermodynamic limits. However, the practical realization of quantum batteries is often constrained by the inevitable environment-induced dissipation of both stored ergotropy and coherence. To actively counteract these losses, we propose a dual-channel coherence framework that exploits dark-state protection to stabilize ergotropy. We conduct, for the first time, an investigation of the synergistic interplay between internal charger coherence and reservoir squeezing, the latter acting as a source of external coherence. In the resource-efficient regime where charger and battery sizes are comparable, our study shows that internal charger coherence and reservoir squeezing jointly enhance the transient charging power. Crucially, initial charger coherence is the fundamental resource for maximizing and stabilizing steady-state ergotropy through dark-state protection. Our analysis reveals that these advantages are driven by the buildup of local battery coherence, which emerges from the integration of both internal and external coherence sources. These results offer a robust pathway for high-power, stabilized energy storage in quantum architectures.
Quantum batteries (QBs), acting as energy storage devices, have potential applications in future quantum science and technology. However, the QBs inevitably losses energy due to their interaction with environment. How to enhance the performance of the QBs in the open-system case remains an important challenge. Here we propose a scheme to realize the driven-dissipative QBs in atom-waveguide-QED systems and demonstrate significant improvements in both the stored energy and extractable work (ergotropy) of the QBs via feedback control. For a single-atom QB, we show that combining the measurement and coherent feedback controls enables nearly perfect stable charging under the weak coherent driving. For the QB array, the measurement-based feedback allows us to control different dynamical phases in the thermodynamic limit: (i) a continuous boundary time-crystal phase, where persistent periodic energy charge-discharge oscillations emerge despite the presence of the dissipation into the waveguide, and (ii) two stationary phases -- one reaches full charge while the other maintains only small energy storage. This work broadens the scope of driven-dissipative QBs and provides practical strategies for enhancing their performance.
Quantum batteries are quantum systems that potentially serve as fuel for other quantum devices by receiving and supplying energy. In this work, we propose a theoretical scheme to enhance ergotropy and charging power of quantum Battery in the system under consideration through squeezed light. Moreover, The system comprises a coherently driven charger cavity, a strongly dissipative auxiliary cavity acting as a mediator, and an energy--storage battery cavity. Quantum nonreciprocity and directional energy flow are established via destructive quantum interference between the direct coupling path and the loss--engineered indirect path. A degenerate optical parametric amplifier integrated into the charger cavity acts as an active, phase--sensitive energy source that injects two--photon quantum excitations and anomalous correlations. Using a strictly open--quantum--system framework derived directly from the Lindblad master equation, we obtain the full expectation--value dynamics and stationary states. We show that active parametric driving drastically increases the stored energy and peak charging power while maintaining nonreciprocal energy trapping in the battery. We achieve a multi-order-of-magnitude boost in the battery's stored energy, charging power, and ergotropy. We also analyze the effects of pure dephasing on the charging power, ergotropy, and extractable work quality.. Although two--photon pumping introduces photon--number fluctuations that slightly lower the fractional ergotropy ratio WB/EB{\cal W}_{\rm B}/{\cal E}_{\rm B}WB​/EB​, the absolute extractable work remains substantially elevated compared to unassisted configurations.
Thermally charged quantum batteries provide a stable and easy-to-have energy resource, but remain passive and therefore do not allow useful energy extraction on demand via unitary operations. We introduce a time-dependent stirring protocol that activates a thermally charged quantum battery through a time-dependent coupling to an auxiliary activator, thereby generating correlations that drive the battery into an active state. Accounting explicitly for the energetic cost of the stirring process, the entropic cost of correlation generation and the activation time, we derive bounds on the maximal net extractable energy. Incorporating projective measurement on the activator and exploiting the information gained through the measurement further enhances the extractable energy. As an experimentally relevant example, we analyze a waveguide-QED setup where a harmonic-oscillator battery (waveguide) is stirred and monitored by a two-level system. We characterize the performance of the protocol in terms of net extractable energy (net ergotropy) and power output.