arXiv:2606.23836

Mode-selective nonlinear interference for high-brightness and high-purity fiber-coupled SPDC sources

Carlos Sevilla-Gutiérrez, Purujit Singh Chauhan, Varun Raj Kaipalath, Fabian Steinlechner

quant-phphysics.opticsSubmitted Jun 22, 2026• Announced Jun 24, 2026• 0 citations

Abstract

Single-mode-fiber-coupled spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) sources are a key resource for photonic quantum technologies, but in single-crystal geometries brightness, heralding efficiency, and spectral purity remain constrained by intrinsic trade-offs. Here, we show how nonlinear interference in a cascaded two-crystal type-II SPDC source can be used to engineer the modal structure of SPDC emission, improving the brightness--heralding-efficiency trade-off by more than one order of magnitude beyond the single-crystal limit. We further demonstrate two routes to near-unity spectral purity while retaining high brightness and/or heralding efficiency, even with standard periodically poled crystals, and study the additional advantages of aperiodic poling with Gaussian phase matching. Using a spectrally resolved Laguerre--Gauss modal decomposition, we show that these improvements arise from mode-selective interference of spatial-spectral SPDC modes within the nonlinear interferometer. We experimentally validate the model through sum-frequency-generation measurements of the spatial-spectral state.

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