This study examines the dynamics of quantumness in two-flavor neutrino oscillations subjected to a dephasing channel, using representative oscillation parameters associated with the KamLAND, MINOS, and Daya Bay experiments. We analyze three complementary quantum-correlation measures -- entanglement of formation (EOF), quantum discord (QD), and local quantum uncertainty (LQU) -- within an effective two-qubit description. In the unitary case, all three measures display oscillatory behavior controlled by flavor mixing, and their amplitudes are strongly shaped by the relevant mixing angle. MINOS exhibits the largest correlations because $θ_{23}$ is close to maximal, KamLAND shows intermediate values associated with the solar sector, and Daya Bay yields smaller correlations due to the relatively small value of $θ_{13}$. Under dephasing, the off-diagonal coherence terms are suppressed and the three quantifiers decrease accordingly, while QD remains non-zero in regimes where entanglement is weak. For pure states, LQU satisfies $\mathcal{U}=\mathcal{C}^2$ and therefore tracks entanglement monotonically, whereas QD provides a broader witness of non-classical correlations. These results provide a compact quantum-information description of two-flavor neutrino oscillations in both coherent and dephased regimes. We also quantify the sensitivity of these observables to oscillation and decoherence parameters, showing that their main added value relative to flavor probabilities is their direct response to off-diagonal coherence loss.
This study examines the dynamics of quantumness in two-flavor neutrino oscillations subjected to a dephasing channel, using representative oscillation parameters associated with the KamLAND, MINOS, and Daya Bay experiments. We analyze three complementary quantum-correlation measures -- entanglement of formation (EOF), quantum discord (QD), and local quantum uncertainty (LQU) -- within an effective two-qubit description. In the unitary case, all three measures display oscillatory behavior controlled by flavor mixing, and their amplitudes are strongly shaped by the relevant mixing angle. MINOS exhibits the largest correlations because θ23 is close to maximal, KamLAND shows intermediate values associated with the solar sector, and Daya Bay yields smaller correlations due to the relatively small value of θ13. Under dephasing, the off-diagonal coherence terms are suppressed and the three quantifiers decrease accordingly, while QD remains non-zero in regimes where entanglement is weak. For pure states, LQU satisfies U=C2 and therefore tracks entanglement monotonically, whereas QD provides a broader witness of non-classical correlations. These results provide a compact quantum-information description of two-flavor neutrino oscillations in both coherent and dephased regimes. We also quantify the sensitivity of these observables to oscillation and decoherence parameters, showing that their main added value relative to flavor probabilities is their direct response to off-diagonal coherence loss.
Abstract The burgeoning intersection of particle physics and quantum information science unveils significant connections, particularly in the context of neutrinos–fundamental particles that challenge our understanding of mass, mixing, and coherence at the quantum level. This work investigates the quantum informational aspects of two-flavor neutrino oscillations, treating neutrino flavor change as a dynamic carrier of quantum resources in addition to a fundamental lepton physics phenomenon. Employing realistic experimental parameters from the Daya Bay, KamLAND, and MINOS experiments, we systematically evaluate four key quantum metrics: quantum coherence, entanglement, local quantum Fisher information (LQFI), and Bell non-locality. Our formalism utilizes time-dependent density matrices, incorporating environmental interactions modeled by a correlated dephasing channel to capture both Markovian (memoryless) and non-Markovian (memory-retaining) regimes. In the Markovian regime, coherence and LQFI exhibit exponential decay, with MINOS demonstrating the highest persistence of quantum features attributed to its long baseline (735 km) and high energy range (0.5–50 GeV). KamLAND, with a medium baseline and moderate energy, shows intermediate behavior, while Daya Bay’s short baseline limits the survival of these quantum properties. Notably, Bell non-locality violation in the Markovian regime is exclusive to MINOS under high classical correlation strength, whereas Daya Bay and KamLAND remain within classical bounds. Across both regimes, particularly the non-Markovian where information backflow enhances coherence and entanglement, MINOS consistently emerges as the most robust setup for the preservation of quantum information.
Neutrino oscillations confirm the presence of mode entanglement, as each flavor eigenstate is composed of a coherent superposition of distinct mass eigenstates. In this work, we investigate the dynamics of quantum resources in neutrino oscillation systems by analyzing quantum steering, logarithmic negativity, and quantum coherence within a two-flavor framework. Treating neutrino oscillations as an effective two-level quantum system, we study the influence of environmental decoherence on these nonclassical features by modeling the system as an open quantum system. Three representative noise channels are considered, namely amplitude damping (AD), phase flip (PF), and phase damping (PD), allowing us to capture both dissipative and dephasing mechanisms. We examine the evolution of quantum resources in both Markovian and non-Markovian regimes, highlighting the role of memory effects in the system-environment interaction. The results reveal a clear hierarchy in the robustness of quantum resources under decoherence. Quantum steering is the most sensitive correlation in the hierarchy under decoherence effects, while logarithmic negativity exhibits intermediate robustness. Quantum coherence displays the highest resilience by persisting over a wider parameter range. Within the PF and PD channels, both logarithmic negativity and coherence display identical dynamical behaviors, a feature that reflects their shared dependence on phase-related noise. In contrast, the non-Markovian regime delays decoherence and induces partial revivals of entanglement and coherence due to information backflow, whereas quantum steering remains strongly suppressed. These findings provide a detailed comparison of different quantum resources in neutrino oscillation systems and offer new insights into the interplay between decoherence mechanisms and quantum correlations.
Neutrino oscillations confirm the presence of mode entanglement, as each flavor eigenstate is composed of a coherent superposition of distinct mass eigenstates. In this work, we investigate the dynamics of quantum resources in neutrino oscillation systems by analyzing quantum steering, logarithmic negativity, and quantum coherence within a two-flavor framework. Treating neutrino oscillations as an effective two-level quantum system, we study the influence of environmental decoherence on these nonclassical features by modeling the system as an open quantum system. Three representative noise channels are considered, namely amplitude damping (AD), phase flip (PF), and phase damping (PD), allowing us to capture both dissipative and dephasing mechanisms. We examine the evolution of quantum resources in both Markovian and non-Markovian regimes, highlighting the role of memory effects in the system-environment interaction. The results reveal a clear hierarchy in the robustness of quantum resources under decoherence. Steering is the most sensitive correlation in the hierarchy under decoherence effects. while logarithmic negativity exhibits intermediate robustness. Quantum coherence displays the highest resilience, persisting over a wider range of parameters. In the PF and PD channels, logarithmic negativity and coherence are shown to exhibit identical dynamical behavior, reflecting their common dependence on phase-related noise. In contrast, the non-Markovian regime leads to delayed decoherence and partial revivals of entanglement and coherence due to information backflow, whereas quantum steering remains strongly suppressed. These findings provide a comparison of different quantum resources in neutrino oscillation systems and offer new insights into the interplay between decoherence mechanisms and quantum correlations.
We evaluate the Hellinger-distance coherence of the two-flavor neutrino state subject to Lindblad damping of the mass-eigenstate interference term, and obtain a closed expression in terms of the flavor-basis density-matrix elements. In the two-flavor vacuum treatment with negligible wave-packet separation, the undamped state is pure, and the smallest eigenvalue of the damped state grows linearly with ε=1−κ, where κ=e−ΓL. An expansion about the pure state then yields a nonanalytic ε correction to the Hellinger coherence, with coefficient K=22usin2θ/1−2u, whereas the flavor-transition probability, the l1 coherence, the concurrence, the entanglement of formation and the local quantum Fisher information all respond linearly in ε. Using representative Daya Bay, KamLAND and MINOS working points together with a current 90% C.L. bound on energy-independent damping, we find fractional changes in the Hellinger coherence of 0.18%, 9.40% and 21.51%, against 0.0009%, 0.43% and 1.81% for the concurrence. The comparison concerns the response of the quantifiers to the damping parameter and carries no implication about experimental resolution. The same mechanism operates, with a different coefficient, for a correlated dephasing channel acting on the flavor coherence, where the non-Markovian regime produces damped revivals.
Neutrino oscillations offer an interferometric setting for open-system dynamics, quantum resources, and parameter estimation. We distinguish two often-conflated statistical families: propagation-basis dephasing uses a survival factor ηp to damp interference before flavor projection, changing flavor probabilities; effective flavor-mode dephasing suppresses only off-diagonal coherence of a single-particle, two-mode state while fixing its populations. For the two-flavor mode state, we derive exact concurrence, entanglement of formation, and local quantum uncertainty, and reduce one-sided projective discord to a one-parameter optimization. For 0<P<1 and 0<ηm<1, the QFIM in (P,χ,ηm) is diagonal, with Hχχmode=Cηm2 and Hξmξmmode=Cηm2/(1−ηm2), where ξm=−lnηm. For propagation-basis dephasing, basis-matched QFI and flavor FI separate dynamical information loss from measurement inaccessibility for the mixing angle, mass-squared splitting, and dephasing rate. A monochromatic three-flavor benchmark evaluates the mixed-state QFIM, flavor FIM, and SLD incompatibility for (θ23,δCP,ξ31,g) at DUNE-like, T2HK-like, and ESSnuSB-inspired points. At Γ0=10−23GeV, the fixed-coordinate ratio Fδδflav/Hδδ is approximately 0.010, 0.013, and 0.105, respectively; all three points show strong θ23--ξ31 incompatibility. A single-energy flavor measurement supplies only two independent probabilities, so its four-parameter FIM is rank deficient: these diagonal ratios are conditional diagnostics, not joint four-parameter sensitivities. These are state-level information-geometric benchmarks, not event-level sensitivity forecasts.
Abstract In this work, we explore the influence of off-diagonal non-standard interaction (NSI) parameters on quantum entanglement within the three-flavor neutrino oscillation framework. By expressing three key entanglement measures: Entanglement of Formation (EOF), Concurrence, and Negativity in terms of oscillation probabilities, we analyze how these quantum correlations are affected by the NSI parameters ϵ eμ , ϵ eτ , and ϵ μτ , including their complex phases. The quantum correlation measures considered in this work cannot be extracted directly from event rates, but solely in terms of oscillation probabilities. Using the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment experiment as a reference point, our analysis shows that NSI effects are most pronounced at lower energies, while Negativity continuing to dominate even at higher energies. It is observed that ϵ eμ and ϵ eτ affect entanglement measures mainly through the appearance channel, while the impact of ϵ μτ on EOF, Concurrence, and Negativity is predominantly linked to the disappearance channel. Further, our results show that Negativity is more sensitive than EOF and Concurrence in the [Energy ( E )– δ CP ] plane under the influence of off-diagonal NSI scenarios, displaying a clear dependence of the CP-violating phase, δ CP on specific energy ranges, particularly in the lower energy regime.