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arXiv:2605.04210

The nonlocal magic of a holographic Schwinger pair

Sebastian Grieninger

hep-thgr-qchep-phnucl-thquant-phSubmitted May 5, 2026• Announced May 7, 2026
v1 · May 5, 2026v2 · Jul 24, 2026
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Abstract

We analyze the emergence of nonlocal magic in Schwinger pair creation in strong non-Abelian (chromo)electric fields using holography. The produced quark--antiquark pair is entangled into a color singlet, yet accelerates into causally disconnected Rindler wedges. Using the Casini--Huerta--Myers conformal mapping and the probe-brane framework, we compute the refined Rényi entropy and its derivative, which captures the antiflatness of the entanglement spectrum for a spherical bipartition. We find that for boundary spacetime dimension $d>2$, the entanglement spectrum is non-flat, implying the dynamical generation of nonlocal magic in the pair creation process. Interestingly, the nonlocal magic in the holographic dual can be obtained from the free energy of the probe action.

Journal reference
Phys. Rev. D 114, L031502 (2026)
DOI
10.1103/p43j-kz83
Comments
5+3 pages

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We analyze the emergence of nonlocal magic in Schwinger pair creation in strong non-Abelian (chromo)electric fields using holography. The produced quark--antiquark pair is entangled into a color singlet, yet accelerates into causally disconnected Rindler wedges. Using the Casini--Huerta--Myers conformal mapping and the probe-brane framework, we compute the refined Rényi entropy and its derivative, which captures the antiflatness of the entanglement spectrum for a spherical bipartition. We find that for boundary spacetime dimension d>2d>2d>2, the entanglement spectrum is non-flat, implying the dynamical generation of nonlocal magic in the pair creation process. Interestingly, the nonlocal magic in the holographic dual can be obtained from the free energy of the probe action.
Entanglement entropy is crucial for understanding the link between quantum mechanics and information theory. This thesis investigates how energy fluctuations and acceleration affect entanglement entropy through three key scenarios. First, we analyze entanglement between disjoint Rindler observers in de Sitter spacetime. We introduce 1-loop corrections to the partition function of the conformal field theory, disrupting the previously flat entanglement spectrum and resulting in an area law for entanglement entropy, while preserving the finiteness of the Hilbert space. Next, we extend the holographic entanglement entropy framework to field theories with global U(1)U(1)U(1) symmetry, considering non-linearly charged theories and their thermal and quantum fluctuations. We find that the dual theory experiences spontaneous symmetry breaking and a reduction in the leading-order coefficient of the ⟨TT⟩\langle TT\rangle⟨TT⟩ correlator due to quantum corrections. Using conformal electrodynamics coupled with three-dimensional gravity as an example, we explore a black hole solution and its connection to two-dimensional free bosons. Finally, we investigate three-dimensional accelerating black holes, revealing that increased acceleration reduces the accessible boundary region and, consequently, the entanglement entropy. This suggests a loss of information in the dual theory due to acceleration.
We describe a holographic approach to explicitly computing the universal logarithmic contributions to entanglement and Rényi entropies for free conformal scalar and spinor fields on even-dimensional spheres. This holographic derivation proceeds in two steps: first, following Casini and Huerta, a conformal mapping to thermal entropy in a hyperbolic geometry; then identification of the hyperbolic geometry with the conformal boundary of a bulk hyperbolic space and use of an AdS/CFT holographic formula to compute the resultant functional determinant. We explicitly verify the connection with the type-A trace anomaly for the entanglement entropy, whereas the Rényi entropy is computed with the aid of the Sommerfeld formula in order to deal with a conical defect. We show that as a by-product, the log coefficient of the Rényi entropy for round spheres can be efficiently obtained as the q-analog of a procedure similar to the one found by Cappelli and D’Appollonio that rendered the type-A trace anomaly.
In quantum field theory, entanglement entropy under spatial bipartitioning serves as a powerful information-theoretic probe of quantum correlations. In this work, we present the first comprehensive numerical study of the dynamical evolution and geometric scaling of entanglement entropy in a nonperturbative, strong-field QED setting -- specifically, in the context of the Sauter-Schwinger effect. While the weak-field regime is dominated by area-law states, we show that the entanglement entropy undergoes a transition from area-law to a volume-law scaling for certain strong-field regimes in the pulse-profile parameter space -- signaling a fundamental shift in the underlying correlation structure induced by nonperturbative pair production. For intermediate regimes, the scaling is a power-law that interpolates between area- and volume-law behavior. Finally, we provide interpretations based on the behavior of the low-energy pair-creation spectrum and discuss how these insights could inform future investigations of related phenomena.
We study the interplay between magic and entanglement in quantum many-body systems. We show that nonlocal magic, which is supported by the quantum correlations is lower bounded by the nonflatness of entanglement spectrum and upper bounded by the amount of entanglement in the system. We then argue that a smoothed version of nonlocal magic bounds the hardness of classical simulations for incompressible states. In conformal field theories (CFTs), we conjecture that the nonlocal magic should scale linearly with entanglement entropy but sublinearly when an approximation of the state is allowed. We support the conjectures using both analytical arguments based on unitary distillation and numerical data from an Ising CFT. If the CFT has a holographic dual, then we prove that the nonlocal magic vanishes if and only if there is no gravitational backreaction. Furthermore, we show that nonlocal magic is approximately equal to the rate of change of the minimal surface area in response to the change of cosmic brane tension in the bulk.
Motivated by exploring the thermalization process in relativistic and nonrelativistic holographic field theories after a nonlocal quench, we investigate some features in the time evolution of the entanglement wedge cross section (EWCS). This quantity is a possible holographic dual to some nonlocal information measures such as entanglement of purification. In particular, we focus on the time dependence of the EWCS during black hole formation in (D+2D+2D+2)-dimensional anti--de Sitter spacetime as well as geometries with Lifshitz and hyperscaling-violating exponents. A combination of analytic and numerical results for large symmetric strip shaped boundary subregions shows that the scaling of the EWCS at early times only depends on the Lifshitz exponent. In addition, this early-growth regime is followed by a linear-growth regime whose velocity depends on the dimensions of spacetime, the Lifshitz exponent, and the hyperscaling parameter. This velocity is the same as the entanglement velocity and for nontrivial dynamical exponent depends on the temperature of the final equilibrium state.
Abstract Entanglement asymmetry is a measure of symmetry breaking in quantum subsystems, inspired by quantum information theory, particularly suited to study out-of-equilibrium states. We study the entanglement asymmetry of a class of excited “coherent states” in conformal quantum field theories with a U(1) symmetry, employing Euclidean path-integral methods with topological symmetry defects and the replica formalism. We compute, at leading order in perturbation theory, the asymmetry for a variety of subsystems, including finite spherical subregions in flat space, in finite volume, and at positive temperature. We also study its Lorentzian time evolution, showcasing the dynamical restoration of the symmetry due to thermalization, as well as the presence of a quantum Mpemba effect. Our results are universal, and apply in any number of dimensions. We also show that the perturbative entanglement asymmetry is related to the Fisher information metric, which has a known holographic dual called the Hollands–Wald canonical energy, and that it is captured by the anti-de-Sitter bulk charge contained in the entanglement wedge.