Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:2604.16063 · Physical review. B./Physical review. B

Spinon shift current in a noncentrosymmetric quantum spin chain

Anonymous, Shintaro Takayoshi, Takahiro Morimoto

Published Aug 11, 2026• 0 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We theoretically study direct current generation in a quantum spin chain induced by spinon excitations by light irradiation. We consider a $S=1/2$ one-dimensional (1D) antiferromagnetic XXZ model with magnetoelectric coupling that describes multiferroics with broken inversion symmetry. We perform the real-time simulation using infinite time-evolving block decimation, and demonstrate the direct current generation under light irradiation. By comparing the second order nonlinear conductivity and the two-spinon excitation spectra of a 1D XXZ model, we confirm that the spinon excitations are the origin for the direct current generation in the quantum spin chain. We find that the bulk photovoltaic effect is driven by electric polarization carried by the spinons through the shift current mechanism, and thus is regarded as ``the spinon shift current.''

DOI
10.1103/pbkc-jrxp

Related papers

2DNL dynamical response of the magnetoelectrically driven dimerized XXZ-chain

Wolfram Brenig

A study of the dynamical two-dimensional (2D) nonlinear response of the dimerized spin-1/2 chain to external electric fields is presented. The coupling of the spin system to light is set to arise from the inverse Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. In the XY-limit, we provide analytical expressions for the second-order nonlinear dynamical response function. Apart from multi spinon continua, this response displays a strong antidiagonal, i.e. galvanoelectric, feature in the 2D frequency plane. This allows to read off scattering rates of the fractional spinon excitations. For the XXZ-case, we focus on the interaction-driven renormalization of the light-matter coupling by considering vertex corrections which are induced by the zz-exchange. We show this renormalization to modify the spinon joint density of states significantly, potentially allowing for the formation of in-gap bound states. As a result, the vertex corrected light-matter coupling can induce a dramatic spectral weight transfer to lower energies for the dynamical response function within the 2D frequency plane.

Journal of Physics Condensed Matter•Oct 20, 2026•0 citations

Two-dimensional nonlinear dynamical response of the magnetoelectrically driven dimerized spin-$1{/}2$ chain

Wolfram Brenig

A study of the dynamical two-dimensional (2D) nonlinear response of the dimerized spin-$1{/}2$ chain to external electric fields is presented. The coupling of the spin system to those fields is set to arise from the inverse Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. In the XY-limit, we provide analytical expressions for the second-order nonlinear dynamical response function. Apart from multi spinon continua, this response displays a strong antidiagonal, i.e. galvanoelectric, feature in the 2D frequency plane. This allows to read off scattering rates of the fractional spinon excitations. For the XXZ-case, we focus on the interaction-driven renormalization of the light-matter coupling by considering vertex corrections which are induced by the zz-exchange. We show this renormalization to modify the spinon joint density of states significantly, potentially allowing for the formation of in-gap bound states. As a result, the vertex corrected light-matter coupling can induce a dramatic spectral weight transfer to lower energies for the dynamical response function within the 2D frequency plane.

arXiv:2507.17823•Jul 23, 2025•0 citations

Probing shift-current responses in noncentrosymmetric materials using quantum algorithms

Cleoner S. Pietralonga, Wendel Silva Paz

Accessing the geometric origin of shift current in noncentrosymmetric quantum materials is essential for understanding nonlinear photoresponses governed by band geometry and Berry connections. We present a quantum-algorithmic approach, implemented on a classical simulator of quantum circuits, to compute the shift current in a phase-coherent and gauge-consistent manner. By expressing the geometric ingredients of the bulk photovoltaic effect as observables accessible within a quantum-circuit framework, the method enables the evaluation of the second-order dc photocurrent without explicit gauge fixing. Using the one-dimensional Rice–Mele model as a benchmark, we obtain shift-current spectra in quantitative agreement with classical calculations and exhibiting smooth behavior across the Brillouin zone. These results position quantum algorithms as a promising framework for addressing shift-current responses and, more broadly, nonlinear optical phenomena in quantum materials.

Materials Today Quantum•Mar 21, 2026•3 citations

Fermi liquid of spinons in quasi-one-dimensional antiferromagnets

Aleksandr I. Smirnov

We report the experimental observation of a shift of the boundaries of the spinon continuum caused by a Fermiliquid interaction of spinons in the spin-liquid S 1a2 chaintype antiferromagnet K 2 CuSO 4 Br 2 .The parameter of spinon interaction, which determines the probability of backscattering, is found.In the pseudospin S 1a2 chain-type strongly anisotropic antiferromagnet Cs 2 CoCl 4 , a shift in the magnetic resonance frequency is detected during the crossover from the disordered spin regime to the state of correlated XXZ-type spin chains at a temperature above the emergence of longrange antiferromagnetic order.This resonance shift is explained on the basis of the spectrum of spin excitations in correlated XXZ chains and corresponds to theoretical simulation of the spectra of spinon-type magnetic fluctuations in XXZ chains [P.Laurell et al.Phys.Rev. Lett.127 037201 (2021)].

Physics-Uspekhi•Dec 1, 2024•3 citations

Phase diagram and post-quench dynamics in a double spin-chain system in transverse fields

Abhishek Agarwal, Michael Hughes, Jordi Mur-Petit

We propose and explore the physics of a toy multiferroic model by coupling two distinct dipolar XXZ models in transverse fields. We determine first the rich ground-state phase diagram of the model using density matrix renormalization group techniques. Then, we explore the dynamics of the system after global and local quenches, using the time-evolving block decimation algorithm. After a global quench, the system displays decaying coupled oscillations of the electric and magnetic spins, in agreement with the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH) for many-body interacting quantum systems. Notably, the spin-spin interactions lead to a sizeable quadratic shift in the oscillation frequency as the inter-chain coupling is increased. Local quenches lead to a light-cone-like propagation of excitations. In this case, the inter-chain coupling drives a transfer of energy between the chains that generates a novel fast spin-wave mode along the 'magnetic' chain at the speed of the 'electric' spin-wave. This suggests a limited control mechanism for faster information transfer in magnetic spin chains using electric fields that harnesses the electric dipoles as intermediaries.

arXiv:2111.07831•Nov 15, 2021•0 citations

Spinon dynamics in quantum integrable antiferromagnets

Rogier Vlijm, Jean-Sébastien Caux

The excitations of the Heisenberg antiferromagnetic spin chain in zero field are known as spinons. As pairwise-created fractionalized excitations, spinons are important in the understanding of inelastic neutron scattering experiments in (quasi-)one-dimensional materials. In the present paper, we consider the real space-time dynamics of spinons originating from a local spin flip on the antiferromagnetic ground state of the (an)isotropic Heisenberg spin-1/2 model and the Babujan-Takhtajan spin-1 model. By utilizing algebraic Bethe ansatz methods at finite system size to compute the expectation value of the local magnetization and spin-spin correlations, spinons are visualized as propagating domain walls in the antiferromagnetic spin ordering with anisotropy dependent behavior. The spin-spin correlation after the spin flip displays a light cone, satisfying the Lieb-Robinson bound for the propagation of correlations at the spinon velocity.

arXiv:1602.03745•Physical review. B./Physical review. B•May 26, 2016•6 citations
We theoretically study direct current generation in a quantum spin chain induced by spinon excitations by light irradiation. We consider a S=1/2S=1/2S=1/2 one-dimensional (1D) antiferromagnetic XXZ model with magnetoelectric coupling that describes multiferroics with broken inversion symmetry. We perform the real-time simulation using infinite time-evolving block decimation, and demonstrate the direct current generation under light irradiation. By comparing the second order nonlinear conductivity and the two-spinon excitation spectra of a 1D XXZ model, we confirm that the spinon excitations are the origin for the direct current generation in the quantum spin chain. We find that the bulk photovoltaic effect is driven by electric polarization carried by the spinons through the shift current mechanism, and thus is regarded as ``the spinon shift current.''
A study of the dynamical two-dimensional (2D) nonlinear response of the dimerized spin-1/2 chain to external electric fields is presented. The coupling of the spin system to light is set to arise from the inverse Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. In the XY-limit, we provide analytical expressions for the second-order nonlinear dynamical response function. Apart from multi spinon continua, this response displays a strong antidiagonal, i.e. galvanoelectric, feature in the 2D frequency plane. This allows to read off scattering rates of the fractional spinon excitations. For the XXZ-case, we focus on the interaction-driven renormalization of the light-matter coupling by considering vertex corrections which are induced by the zz-exchange. We show this renormalization to modify the spinon joint density of states significantly, potentially allowing for the formation of in-gap bound states. As a result, the vertex corrected light-matter coupling can induce a dramatic spectral weight transfer to lower energies for the dynamical response function within the 2D frequency plane.
Two-dimensional nonlinear dynamical response of the magnetoelectrically driven dimerized spin-1/21{/}21/2 chain
A study of the dynamical two-dimensional (2D) nonlinear response of the dimerized spin-1/21{/}21/2 chain to external electric fields is presented. The coupling of the spin system to those fields is set to arise from the inverse Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. In the XY-limit, we provide analytical expressions for the second-order nonlinear dynamical response function. Apart from multi spinon continua, this response displays a strong antidiagonal, i.e. galvanoelectric, feature in the 2D frequency plane. This allows to read off scattering rates of the fractional spinon excitations. For the XXZ-case, we focus on the interaction-driven renormalization of the light-matter coupling by considering vertex corrections which are induced by the zz-exchange. We show this renormalization to modify the spinon joint density of states significantly, potentially allowing for the formation of in-gap bound states. As a result, the vertex corrected light-matter coupling can induce a dramatic spectral weight transfer to lower energies for the dynamical response function within the 2D frequency plane.
Accessing the geometric origin of shift current in noncentrosymmetric quantum materials is essential for understanding nonlinear photoresponses governed by band geometry and Berry connections. We present a quantum-algorithmic approach, implemented on a classical simulator of quantum circuits, to compute the shift current in a phase-coherent and gauge-consistent manner. By expressing the geometric ingredients of the bulk photovoltaic effect as observables accessible within a quantum-circuit framework, the method enables the evaluation of the second-order dc photocurrent without explicit gauge fixing. Using the one-dimensional Rice–Mele model as a benchmark, we obtain shift-current spectra in quantitative agreement with classical calculations and exhibiting smooth behavior across the Brillouin zone. These results position quantum algorithms as a promising framework for addressing shift-current responses and, more broadly, nonlinear optical phenomena in quantum materials.
We report the experimental observation of a shift of the boundaries of the spinon continuum caused by a Fermiliquid interaction of spinons in the spin-liquid S 1a2 chaintype antiferromagnet K 2 CuSO 4 Br 2 .The parameter of spinon interaction, which determines the probability of backscattering, is found.In the pseudospin S 1a2 chain-type strongly anisotropic antiferromagnet Cs 2 CoCl 4 , a shift in the magnetic resonance frequency is detected during the crossover from the disordered spin regime to the state of correlated XXZ-type spin chains at a temperature above the emergence of longrange antiferromagnetic order.This resonance shift is explained on the basis of the spectrum of spin excitations in correlated XXZ chains and corresponds to theoretical simulation of the spectra of spinon-type magnetic fluctuations in XXZ chains [P.Laurell et al.Phys.Rev. Lett.127 037201 (2021)].
We propose and explore the physics of a toy multiferroic model by coupling two distinct dipolar XXZ models in transverse fields. We determine first the rich ground-state phase diagram of the model using density matrix renormalization group techniques. Then, we explore the dynamics of the system after global and local quenches, using the time-evolving block decimation algorithm. After a global quench, the system displays decaying coupled oscillations of the electric and magnetic spins, in agreement with the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH) for many-body interacting quantum systems. Notably, the spin-spin interactions lead to a sizeable quadratic shift in the oscillation frequency as the inter-chain coupling is increased. Local quenches lead to a light-cone-like propagation of excitations. In this case, the inter-chain coupling drives a transfer of energy between the chains that generates a novel fast spin-wave mode along the 'magnetic' chain at the speed of the 'electric' spin-wave. This suggests a limited control mechanism for faster information transfer in magnetic spin chains using electric fields that harnesses the electric dipoles as intermediaries.
The excitations of the Heisenberg antiferromagnetic spin chain in zero field are known as spinons. As pairwise-created fractionalized excitations, spinons are important in the understanding of inelastic neutron scattering experiments in (quasi-)one-dimensional materials. In the present paper, we consider the real space-time dynamics of spinons originating from a local spin flip on the antiferromagnetic ground state of the (an)isotropic Heisenberg spin-1/2 model and the Babujan-Takhtajan spin-1 model. By utilizing algebraic Bethe ansatz methods at finite system size to compute the expectation value of the local magnetization and spin-spin correlations, spinons are visualized as propagating domain walls in the antiferromagnetic spin ordering with anisotropy dependent behavior. The spin-spin correlation after the spin flip displays a light cone, satisfying the Lieb-Robinson bound for the propagation of correlations at the spinon velocity.