Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:2602.22778

Generating entangled polaritonic condensates by pumping with entangled pairs of photons

N. A. Asriyan, A. A. Elistratov, A. V. Kavokin

quant-phcond-mat.quant-gasSubmitted Feb 26, 2026• Announced Feb 27, 2026• 0 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We investigate the steady state of two single-mode uniform spatially separated polaritonic conden- sates exposed to resonant pumping with entangled pairs of photons. We demonstrate the principal possibility of driving the system to an entangled state despite its exposure to noises arising from the excitonic reservoir and photon leakage through the microcavity mirrors. Estimates are provided for the flux of entangled particles required to drive the system into a steady state that violates the partial-transpose criterion for entanglement. Furthermore, we trace the evolution of the system after a sudden disappearance of the entangled pumping. Our analysis provides estimates for the entanglement lifetime in a system of two exciton-polariton condensates

Related papers

Entanglement properties of quantum polaritons

D. G. Suárez-Forero, G. Cipagauta, Herbert Vinck-Posada +3 more

Exciton polaritons are coupled states of matter and light, originated by the strong interaction between an optical mode and semiconductor excitons. This interaction can be obtained also at a single-particle level, in which case it has been shown that a quantum treatment is mandatory. In this work we study the light-matter entanglement of polaritons from a fully quantum formalism including pumping and dissipation. We find that the entanglement is completely destroyed if the exciton and photon are tuned at the resonance condition, even under very low pumping rates. Instead, the best condition for maximizing entanglement and purity of the steady state is when the exciton and photon are out of resonance and when incoherent pumping exactly compensates the dissipation rate. In the presence of multiple quantum dots coupled to the light mode, matter-light entanglement survives only at larger detuning for a higher number of quantum dots considered.

Physical review. B./Physical review. B•May 9, 2016•12 citations

Entanglement generation and detection in split exciton-polariton condensates

Jingyan Feng, Hui Li, Zheng Sun +1 more

We propose a method of generating and detecting spatially defined entanglement in exciton-polariton condensates at steady state. In our scheme we first create a spinor polariton condensate, such that steady-state squeezing is obtained under a one-axis twisting interaction. Then the condensate is split either physically or virtually, which results in entanglement generated between the two parts. A virtual split means that the condensate is not physically split, but its near-field image is divided into two parts, and the spin correlations are deduced from polarization measurements in each half. We theoretically model and examine the logarithmic negativity criterion and several correlation-based criteria to show that entanglement exists under experimentally achievable parameters.

arXiv:2305.11491•Physical Review A•Nov 1, 2023•5 citations

Sensitive detection of entanglement in exciton-polariton condensates via spin squeezing

Jingyan Feng, Ebubechukwu O. Ilo-Okeke, Alexey N. Pyrkov +2 more

We propose a method of generating and detecting entanglement via spin squeezing in an exciton-polariton condensate. Spin squeezing is a sensitive detector of entanglement because any squeezing below shot noise implies entanglement. In our scheme, two polariton spin species are resonantly pumped, forming a particle number fluctuating effective spin. The naturally occurring nonlinear interactions between the polaritons produce an effective one-axis squeezing interaction, which drives the system toward a spin-squeezed state at steady-state. We investigate the squeezing level that is attainable at the steady state for realistic experimental parameters and show the favorable parameters for strong squeezing. The amount of squeezing tends to improve with larger pumping, due to the bosonic enhancement of the one-axis twisting Hamiltonian. Using number-fluctuating versions of the Wineland squeezing criterion and optimal spin inequalities, we show how multipartite entanglement can be detected.

Physical Review A•Jul 30, 2021•9 citations

Branch-entangled polariton pairs in planar microcavities and photonic wires

Cristiano Ciuti

A scheme is proposed for the generation of branch-entangled pairs of microcavity polaritons through spontaneous interbranch parametric scattering. Branch entanglement is achievable when there are two twin processes, where the role of signal and idler can be exchanged between two different polariton branches. Branch entanglement of polariton pairs can lead to the emission of frequency-entangled photon pairs out of the microcavity. In planar microcavities, the necessary phase-matching conditions are fulfilled for pumping of the upper polariton branch at an arbitrary in-plane wave vector. The important role of nonlinear losses due to pair scattering into high-momentum exciton states is evaluated. The results show that the lack of protection of the pump polaritons in the upper branch is critical. In photonic wires, branch entanglement of one-dimensional polaritons is achievable when the pump excites a lower polariton sub-branch at normal incidence, providing protection from the exciton reservoir.

arXiv:cond-mat/0402241•Physical Review B•Jun 9, 2004•125 citations

Classical Field Entanglement of Trapped Polariton Condensates

Alexey Vitalievich Kavokin, D. Novokreschenov, Stella Kavokina

We study the dynamics of two‐bosonic condensates of exciton–polaritons confined in coupled elliptical traps. Within the mean field approximation the system is described by a generalized two‐body Schrödinger equation that accounts for the pumping of polaritons to the coupled condensates from two independent exciton reservoirs. The system is conveniently described by a truncated 4 x 4 density matrix. Applying a pair of control optical pulses, we demonstrate how coherent interactions between the condensates transform the system from an initial separable pure state with zero entanglement (negativity = 0) to an entangled state characterized by negativity close to 0.5. This study underscores the high potentiality of exciton–polariton systems for analog and quantum simulations and paves the way for the realization of ultrafast, many‐body quantum computation platforms.

physica status solidi (b)•Aug 31, 2026•0 citations

First observation of the quantized exciton-polariton field and effect of interactions on a single polariton

Álvaro Cuevas, Juan Camilo López Carreño, Blanca Silva +16 more

Polaritons are quasi-particles that originate from the coupling of light with matter and that demonstrate quantum phenomena at the many-particle mesoscopic level, such as Bose-Einstein condensation and superfluidity. A highly sought and long-time missing feature of polaritons is a genuine quantum manifestation of their dynamics at the single-particle level. Although they are conceptually perceived as entangled states and theoretical proposals abound for an explicit manifestation of their single-particle properties, so far their behavior has remained fully accounted for by classical and mean-field theories. We report the first experimental demonstration of a genuinely quantum state of the microcavity polariton field, by swapping a photon for a polariton in a two-photon entangled state generated by parametric downconversion. When bringing this single-polariton quantum state in contact with a polariton condensate, we observe a disentangling with the external photon. This manifestation of a polariton quantum state involving a single quantum unlocks new possibilities for quantum information processing with interacting bosons.

arXiv:1609.01244•Science Advances•Apr 6, 2018•77 citations
We investigate the steady state of two single-mode uniform spatially separated polaritonic conden- sates exposed to resonant pumping with entangled pairs of photons. We demonstrate the principal possibility of driving the system to an entangled state despite its exposure to noises arising from the excitonic reservoir and photon leakage through the microcavity mirrors. Estimates are provided for the flux of entangled particles required to drive the system into a steady state that violates the partial-transpose criterion for entanglement. Furthermore, we trace the evolution of the system after a sudden disappearance of the entangled pumping. Our analysis provides estimates for the entanglement lifetime in a system of two exciton-polariton condensates
Exciton polaritons are coupled states of matter and light, originated by the strong interaction between an optical mode and semiconductor excitons. This interaction can be obtained also at a single-particle level, in which case it has been shown that a quantum treatment is mandatory. In this work we study the light-matter entanglement of polaritons from a fully quantum formalism including pumping and dissipation. We find that the entanglement is completely destroyed if the exciton and photon are tuned at the resonance condition, even under very low pumping rates. Instead, the best condition for maximizing entanglement and purity of the steady state is when the exciton and photon are out of resonance and when incoherent pumping exactly compensates the dissipation rate. In the presence of multiple quantum dots coupled to the light mode, matter-light entanglement survives only at larger detuning for a higher number of quantum dots considered.
We propose a method of generating and detecting spatially defined entanglement in exciton-polariton condensates at steady state. In our scheme we first create a spinor polariton condensate, such that steady-state squeezing is obtained under a one-axis twisting interaction. Then the condensate is split either physically or virtually, which results in entanglement generated between the two parts. A virtual split means that the condensate is not physically split, but its near-field image is divided into two parts, and the spin correlations are deduced from polarization measurements in each half. We theoretically model and examine the logarithmic negativity criterion and several correlation-based criteria to show that entanglement exists under experimentally achievable parameters.
We propose a method of generating and detecting entanglement via spin squeezing in an exciton-polariton condensate. Spin squeezing is a sensitive detector of entanglement because any squeezing below shot noise implies entanglement. In our scheme, two polariton spin species are resonantly pumped, forming a particle number fluctuating effective spin. The naturally occurring nonlinear interactions between the polaritons produce an effective one-axis squeezing interaction, which drives the system toward a spin-squeezed state at steady-state. We investigate the squeezing level that is attainable at the steady state for realistic experimental parameters and show the favorable parameters for strong squeezing. The amount of squeezing tends to improve with larger pumping, due to the bosonic enhancement of the one-axis twisting Hamiltonian. Using number-fluctuating versions of the Wineland squeezing criterion and optimal spin inequalities, we show how multipartite entanglement can be detected.
A scheme is proposed for the generation of branch-entangled pairs of microcavity polaritons through spontaneous interbranch parametric scattering. Branch entanglement is achievable when there are two twin processes, where the role of signal and idler can be exchanged between two different polariton branches. Branch entanglement of polariton pairs can lead to the emission of frequency-entangled photon pairs out of the microcavity. In planar microcavities, the necessary phase-matching conditions are fulfilled for pumping of the upper polariton branch at an arbitrary in-plane wave vector. The important role of nonlinear losses due to pair scattering into high-momentum exciton states is evaluated. The results show that the lack of protection of the pump polaritons in the upper branch is critical. In photonic wires, branch entanglement of one-dimensional polaritons is achievable when the pump excites a lower polariton sub-branch at normal incidence, providing protection from the exciton reservoir.
We study the dynamics of two‐bosonic condensates of exciton–polaritons confined in coupled elliptical traps. Within the mean field approximation the system is described by a generalized two‐body Schrödinger equation that accounts for the pumping of polaritons to the coupled condensates from two independent exciton reservoirs. The system is conveniently described by a truncated 4 x 4 density matrix. Applying a pair of control optical pulses, we demonstrate how coherent interactions between the condensates transform the system from an initial separable pure state with zero entanglement (negativity = 0) to an entangled state characterized by negativity close to 0.5. This study underscores the high potentiality of exciton–polariton systems for analog and quantum simulations and paves the way for the realization of ultrafast, many‐body quantum computation platforms.
Polaritons are quasi-particles that originate from the coupling of light with matter and that demonstrate quantum phenomena at the many-particle mesoscopic level, such as Bose-Einstein condensation and superfluidity. A highly sought and long-time missing feature of polaritons is a genuine quantum manifestation of their dynamics at the single-particle level. Although they are conceptually perceived as entangled states and theoretical proposals abound for an explicit manifestation of their single-particle properties, so far their behavior has remained fully accounted for by classical and mean-field theories. We report the first experimental demonstration of a genuinely quantum state of the microcavity polariton field, by swapping a photon for a polariton in a two-photon entangled state generated by parametric downconversion. When bringing this single-polariton quantum state in contact with a polariton condensate, we observe a disentangling with the external photon. This manifestation of a polariton quantum state involving a single quantum unlocks new possibilities for quantum information processing with interacting bosons.