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arXiv:2602.19492

Temporal magnon-qubit Mach-Zehnder interferometer

Cody Trevillian, Steven Louis, Vasyl Tyberkevych

cond-mat.mes-hallquant-phSubmitted Feb 23, 2026• Announced Feb 24, 2026• 0 citations
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Abstract

A temporal magnon-qubit Mach-Zehnder (MZ) interferometer is proposed. The interferometer is based on controllable entanglement of a microwave qubit and a magnonic state, achieved by application of a pulsed magnetic field playing the role of a magnon-qubit temporal "beam splitter". Analogous to a typical MZ interferometer, the generated interference pattern of the final qubit population carries information about the magnon dynamics. One important application of the proposed scheme is the study of single magnon decoherence. Interestingly, this scheme allows one to independently determine rates of two possible decoherence channels. This may help enable single magnon state applications and answer fundamental questions of quasi-particle decoherence at single quantum levels.

Comments
5 pages, 4 figures

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A temporal magnon-qubit Mach-Zehnder (MZ) interferometer is proposed. The interferometer is based on controllable entanglement of a microwave qubit and a magnonic state, achieved by application of a pulsed magnetic field playing the role of a magnon-qubit temporal "beam splitter". Analogous to a typical MZ interferometer, the generated interference pattern of the final qubit population carries information about the magnon dynamics. One important application of the proposed scheme is the study of single magnon decoherence. Interestingly, this scheme allows one to independently determine rates of two possible decoherence channels. This may help enable single magnon state applications and answer fundamental questions of quasi-particle decoherence at single quantum levels.
We study a scheme for Mach–Zehnder (MZ) interferometer as a quantum linear device by injecting two-mode squeezed input states into two ports of interferometer. Two-mode squeezed states can be changed into two types of inputs for MZ interferometer: two squeezed states and Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) entangled states. The interference patterns of the MZ interferometer vary periodically as the relative phase of the two arms of the interferometer is scanned, and are measured by the balanced homodyne detection system. Our experiments show that there are different interference patterns and periodicity of the output quantum states for two cases which depend on the relative phase of input optical fields. Since MZ interferometer can be used to realize some quantum operations, this work will have the important applications in quantum information and metrology.
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The quantum beamsplitter—a two-level system (TLS) coupled to a one-dimensional continuum of electromagnetic modes—is the most elementary version of a beamsplitter that may not only refract and reflect, but also absorb and then reemit a photon. This raises the question of whether a single-photon pulse, once split by a first quantum beamsplitter, could be made to interfere with a second one. Here, we propose and theoretically analyze a quantum Mach–Zehnder interferometer (QMZ) as formed by two concatenated quantum beamsplitters. The distinctive feature of our QMZ is its considerable saturability for a single photon, arising from the broadband nature of the pulse. We show that (i) off-resonant monochromatic photons produce classical interference patterns, whereas (ii) resonant broadband pulses erase these patterns, and that (iii) off-resonant broadband pulses always preserve some degree of interference if the two TLSs are oppositely detuned.
The chapter discusses the Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI), which uses beam splitters in combination with mirrors to place a photon into a superposition of paths. In a final beam splitter, the two paths may be recombined to interfere, showing wave behavior. If the final beam splitter is removed, the photon is definitely in one path or the other, showing particle behavior. The polarization of light allows additional applications—one can use a polarizing beam splitter to separate and reconstitute the wave functions of a photon polarized at an angle. In a delayed-choice experiment, one decides which kind of experiment one is to do, particle or wave, after the photon has already entered the arms of the MZI. The chapter discusses a version of this that puts the MZI and a second-detector photon in an entangled state of particle and wave results.
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