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arXiv:2602.12720

Secrecy Capacity Analysis and Beamforming Optimization for MIMO-VLC Wiretap Channels

Sufang Yang, Longguang Li, Jintao Wang, Ya Li, Liang Xia, Hongjun He, Qixing Wang, Guangyi Liu

Published Feb 13, 2026• 0 citations
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Abstract

This paper investigates a multiple-input multipleoutput (MIMO) visible light communication (VLC) wiretap channel consisting of a transmitter, a legitimate receiver, and an eavesdropper. The optical input is subject to both peakand average-intensity constraints. By applying the generalized entropy-power inequality to truncated exponential inputs, we derive a novel closed-form expression for the achievable secrecy rate for general MIMO VLC configurations. To enhance transmission confidentiality, a fully-connected beamforming scheme is proposed, along with a low-complexity sub-connected alternative. Although the resulting beamforming design problems are nonconvex, they are efficiently addressed by transforming them into a sequence of convex subproblems solvable via the successive convex approximation framework. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed schemes achieve significant secrecy performance improvements compared with the benchmark scheme.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.2602.12720

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This paper investigates a multiple-input multipleoutput (MIMO) visible light communication (VLC) wiretap channel consisting of a transmitter, a legitimate receiver, and an eavesdropper. The optical input is subject to both peakand average-intensity constraints. By applying the generalized entropy-power inequality to truncated exponential inputs, we derive a novel closed-form expression for the achievable secrecy rate for general MIMO VLC configurations. To enhance transmission confidentiality, a fully-connected beamforming scheme is proposed, along with a low-complexity sub-connected alternative. Although the resulting beamforming design problems are nonconvex, they are efficiently addressed by transforming them into a sequence of convex subproblems solvable via the successive convex approximation framework. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed schemes achieve significant secrecy performance improvements compared with the benchmark scheme.
This paper investigates a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) visible light communication (VLC) wiretap channel consisting of a transmitter, a legitimate receiver, and an eavesdropper. The optical input is subject to both peak- and average-intensity constraints. By applying the generalized entropy-power inequality to truncated exponential inputs, we derive a novel closed-form expression for the achievable secrecy rate for general MIMO-VLC configurations. To enhance transmission confidentiality, a fully-connected beamforming scheme is proposed, along with a low-complexity sub-connected alternative. Although the resulting beamforming design problems are non-convex, they are efficiently addressed by transforming them into a sequence of convex subproblems solvable via the successive convex approximation framework. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed schemes achieve significant secrecy performance improvements compared with the benchmark scheme.
This paper studies the secrecy capacity of the visible light communication (VLC) wiretap channel under a per-antenna peak-intensity constraint and a per-antenna average-intensity constraint. The focus is on the scenario with one transmitter, one legitimate user, and one eavesdropper, all equipped with multiple antennas. Considering various quantity configurations of the number of transmitting and receiving antennas, we first derive a closed-form secrecy rate exploiting the truncated exponential distribution. Based on this, full-connected and sub-connected precoding architectures are proposed to enhance the confidentiality of this multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) VLC wiretap channel. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed precoding schemes significantly improve the secrecy performance of the MIMO-VLC wiretap channel.
We study in this paper the secrecy performance of the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) visible light communication (VLC) wiretap channel. The underlying system model comprises three nodes: one transmitter, equipped with multiple fixtures of LEDs, one legitimate receiver and one eavesdropper, each equipped with multiple photo-diodes (PDs). The VLC channel is modeled as a real-valued amplitude-constrained Gaussian channel and the eavesdropper is assumed to be randomly located in the coverage area. We propose a low-complexity precoding scheme that aims at enhancing the secrecy performance of the system. Specifically, assuming discrete input signaling, we derive an average achievable secrecy rate for the underlying system in a closed-form, and the derived expression is a function of the precoding matrix and the input distribution using stochastic geometry. Then, we propose a low-complexity design of the precoding matrix based on the generalized singular value decomposition (GSVD) of the channel matrices of the system. We examine the resulting average achievable secrecy rate using the truncated discrete generalized normal (TDGN) distribution, which is the best-known discrete distribution available in the literature. Finally, we validate the proposed scheme through extensive simulations and we demonstrate its superiority when compared to other schemes reported in the literature.
This paper analyzes the secrecy rate and designs the secure beamforming for an indoor visible light communication (VLC) network consisting of one transmitter, one legitimate receiver, one eavesdropper, and several friendly jammers. In the VLC network, both the main and wiretapping channels have a uniformly distributed signal input and corrupted with additive white Gaussian noise. The imperfect channel state information (CSI) is considered by using the ellipsoidal approximation method. Under the amplitude constraints of the data and the interfering signal, the secrecy rate for the VLC network is analyzed. A beamforming optimization problem is proposed to maximize the secrecy rate with the given constraints. It is shown that the optimization problem is non-convex. In this paper, it is transformed into a solvable quasi-convex linear search problem. Numerical results demonstrate the performance gain of the optimal beamformer compared to the zero-forcing scheme. Moreover, the secrecy performance under different CSI uncertainties is also provided.
We study the secrecy capacity of the multiple- input single-output (MISO) Gaussian wiretap visible light communication (VLC) channel. We study a typical VLC scenario with one transmitter, one legitimate receiver, and one eavesdropper. Specifically, we compute the achievable secrecy rate for various input signaling distributions, including the truncated generalized normal (TGN) and uniform distributions. The transmitter is equipped with multiple light sources, while the legitimate and unauthorized receivers are each equipped with a single photodetector. We analyze the achievable secrecy rates via transmit beamforming and artificial noise. In addition, both zero-forcing beamforming and robust beamforming are considered. In the former case, the location of the eavesdropper is assumed to be known, whereas in the latter case, the location of the eavesdropper is unknown. Our numerical results show that the secrecy rate achieved by the TGN distribution is significantly improved as compared to those achieved by the truncated Gaussian and uniform distributions, for both zero-forcing beamforming and robust beamforming. We also derive an upper bound on the achievable secrecy capacity that we used to assess the closeness of the achievable secrecy rates to the derived bound.
This paper considers improving the confidentiality of visible light communication (VLC) links within the framework of physical-layer security. We study a VLC scenario with one transmitter, one legitimate receiver, and one eavesdropper. The transmitter has multiple light sources, while the legitimate and unauthorized receivers have a single photodetector, each. We characterize secrecy rates achievable via transmit beamforming over the multiple-input, single-output (MISO) VLC wiretap channel. For VLC systems, intensity modulation (IM) via light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is the most practical transmission scheme. Because of the limited dynamic range of typical LEDs, the modulating signal must satisfy certain amplitude constraints. Hence, we begin with deriving lower and upper bounds on the secrecy capacity of the scalar Gaussian wiretap channel subject to amplitude constraints. Then, we utilize beamforming to obtain a closed-form secrecy rate expression for the MISO wiretap channel. Finally, we propose a robust beamforming scheme to consider the scenario wherein information about the eavesdropper's channel is imperfect due to location uncertainty. A typical application of the proposed scheme is to secure the communication link when the eavesdropper is expected to exist within a specified area. The performance is measured in terms of the worst-case secrecy rate guaranteed under all admissible realizations of the eavesdropper's channel.