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arXiv:2602.10398 · Chinese Physics C

Entanglement redistribution of hyperon-antihyperon pair via sequential decay*

C Li, Xu Cao, A. Q. Guo, C. X. Yu, Hong-Wei Zhang, Ziyu Zhang

Published May 28, 2026• 1 citation
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Abstract Hyperon-antihyperon pairs produced in high-energy electron-positron annihilation constitute a naturally spin-entangled system in the high-energy regime. Recently, a probabilistic amplification of entanglement, termed autodistillation, has been found in the daughter baryon-antibaryon pairs from hyperon decay and is constrained by an upper boundary. This work demonstrates that the quantum entanglement in this process may be accompanied by a decrease, constrained by a lower boundary, but it will not be completely lost. Thus, the entanglement of these systems undergoes redistribution within the phase space during the sequential decays of hyperons, highlighting the important role of hyperon polarization. By using the explicit spin density matrix of baryon pairs, it is also found that the quantumness of the system, characterized by quantum discord, always has the possibility to increase during decay processes, even when entanglement evaluated by concurrence and negativity does not increase.

DOI
10.1088/1674-1137/ae740b

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The Bell nonlocality and entanglement are two kinds of quantum correlations in quantum systems. Due to the recent upgrade in the Beijing Spectrometer III (BESIII) experiment, it is possible to explore the nonlocality and entanglement in hyperon-antihyperon systems produced in electron-positron annihilation with high precision data. We provide a systematic method for studying quantum correlations in spin- 1 / 2 hyperon-antihyperon systems through the measures for the nonlocality and entanglement. We find that with nonvanishing polarizations of the hyperon and its antihyperon, the kinematic region of nonlocality in the hyperon-antihyperon system is more restricted than the τ + τ − system in which polarizations of τ leptons are vanishing. We also present an experimental proposal to probe the nonlocality and entanglement in hyperon-antihyperon systems at BSEIII. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

arXiv:2406.16298•Physical review. D/Physical review. D.•Sep 11, 2024•20 citations
Abstract Hyperon-antihyperon pairs produced in high-energy electron-positron annihilation constitute a naturally spin-entangled system in the high-energy regime. Recently, a probabilistic amplification of entanglement, termed autodistillation, has been found in the daughter baryon-antibaryon pairs from hyperon decay and is constrained by an upper boundary. This work demonstrates that the quantum entanglement in this process may be accompanied by a decrease, constrained by a lower boundary, but it will not be completely lost. Thus, the entanglement of these systems undergoes redistribution within the phase space during the sequential decays of hyperons, highlighting the important role of hyperon polarization. By using the explicit spin density matrix of baryon pairs, it is also found that the quantumness of the system, characterized by quantum discord, always has the possibility to increase during decay processes, even when entanglement evaluated by concurrence and negativity does not increase.
The hyperon-antihyperon pairs produced in electron-positron annihilation as a massive two-qubit quantum system can be used to study the quantum correlations at high energies. This paper is theoretically dedicated to how polarization of lepton beams manipulates the Bell nonlocality and entanglement of hyperon pair systems. The response of the Clauser–Horne–Shimony–Holt parameter, concurrence, and negativity to the polarization degree of the beam is numerically calculated by exploiting the joint spin density matrix of hyperon-antihyperon pairs. Different influences of longitudinal and transverse polarization of beams on entanglement are found and compared. The results provide alternative perspectives for the decay of charmonium to hyperon pairs.
Hyperon-antihyperon pairs produced from electron-positron annihilations provide a promising platform for exploring quantum-information properties in particle physics. In this work, we analyze quantum steering and quantum discord in hyperon-antihyperon systems produced from e + e − annihilations, based on the X -shaped spin density matrix reconstructed via quantum state tomography. We show that the behaviors of these correlations differ from those observed in elementary particle-antiparticle systems such as top quarks and τ leptons, owing to the polarization effects specific to hyperon decays. From the results, we examine the hierarchy of quantum correlations in hyperon-antihyperon systems, Bell nonlocality ⊂ steering ⊂ entanglement ⊂ discord . We also discuss the role of experimental loopholes and the impact of quantum decoherence in collider-based studies of quantum correlations.
We study the spin-entangled mixed state of a spin- 1 / 2 baryon–antibaryon pair produced in the process e + e − → J / ψ , ψ ′ → B B ¯ . We show that the spin entanglement of the system can increase following the decays B → b + M and B ¯ → b ¯ + M ¯ , where b , b ¯ are spin- 1 / 2 baryons and M , M ¯ are spin-0 mesons. This phenomenon, known as entanglement autodistillation, manifests as a probabilistic amplification of entanglement during the decay process. We analyze the underlying mechanism and show that this phenomenon depends only on the initial state of the B B ¯ system and the decay parameter α D , but not on the decay parameter ϕ D . This effect only arises when parity is violated in the decay, when α D ≠ 0 .
Quantum discord and steering offer crucial insights into the non-classical nature of hyperon-antihyperon pairs, a massive two-qubit system produced in high energy electron-positron annihilation. This work theoretically investigates the generation and control of these quantum correlations by leveraging longitudinal and transverse polarization of lepton beams. By exploiting the joint spin density matrix of hyperon pairs, the sensitivity of quantum discord and steering to the beam polarization degree are numerically quantified. Our analysis reveals distinct angular regimes where beam polarization can enhance steering and discord. Hierarchy of different quantum correlations are examined under the case of polarized lepton beams by constructing a measure in the spirit of entanglement of formation. It is confirmed that quantum discord remain non-zero even in regions with vanishing entanglement corresponding to separable states, controlled via transversely polarized beams. As an experimentally tunable parameter, beam polarization offers an effective means to manipulate the quantum correlation of hyperon-antihyperon systems, thereby providing a practical route for preparing and probing quantum states in high-energy particle physics.
We comment on the recent work [Eur. Phys. J. C 86, 988 (2026)], which investigates quantum resources in polarized hyperon--antihyperon systems using correlated dephasing channels with memory. Although the use of experimentally reconstructed spin-density matrices to characterize quantum correlations in hyperon production may be a good motivation, we argue that the interpretation of the hyperon--antihyperon pair as an open quantum system undergoing correlated environmental decoherence is not physically established. In particular, no physical environment or system--environment interaction responsible for the assumed correlated dephasing channel is identified, and hadronization cannot simply be interpreted as such an environmental dephasing process. Consequently, the claimed non-Markovianity, information backflow, and memory-assisted protection of quantum resources should be regarded as properties of a phenomenological channel rather than established physical effects in hyperon--antihyperon production. We also identify several technical and conceptual issues concerning the dephasing dynamics, entanglement quantification, basis dependence of coherence, and the claimed hierarchy of quantum resources. These issues call for a substantial revision of the physical interpretation and quantitative conclusions of the work. We hope that the present Comment will help clarify the distinction between phenomenological quantum-channel modeling and physically established dynamical mechanisms in high-energy particle systems, and thereby provide useful guidance for future studies and help avoid similar conceptual and technical issues.
The Bell nonlocality and entanglement are two kinds of quantum correlations in quantum systems. Due to the recent upgrade in the Beijing Spectrometer III (BESIII) experiment, it is possible to explore the nonlocality and entanglement in hyperon-antihyperon systems produced in electron-positron annihilation with high precision data. We provide a systematic method for studying quantum correlations in spin- 1 / 2 hyperon-antihyperon systems through the measures for the nonlocality and entanglement. We find that with nonvanishing polarizations of the hyperon and its antihyperon, the kinematic region of nonlocality in the hyperon-antihyperon system is more restricted than the τ + τ − system in which polarizations of τ leptons are vanishing. We also present an experimental proposal to probe the nonlocality and entanglement in hyperon-antihyperon systems at BSEIII. Published by the American Physical Society 2024