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arXiv:2509.01603

Noise-induced Zeno-like effect in a spin-chain quantum battery

Maulana M. Fajar, Beta Nur Pratiwi, Subur Pramono, Gagus Ketut Sunnardianto, Ahmad R. T. Nugraha

Published Sep 1, 2025• 0 citations

Abstract

Quantum batteries, which are energy-storage or state-storage devices that exploit unique quantum effects, are sensitive to environmental noise. Here, we demonstrate that suitably engineered noise can induce a "Zeno-like" stabilization effect of the charging process in a spin-chain quantum battery within the Heisenberg XYZ model. Focusing on a system size N=6, which balances computational cost and storage capacity, we find that the ergotropy-to-energy ratio W(t)/E_B(t) attains a maximum value of about 0.99 at a certain time parameter value. Then, by varying the noise strength in each channel, we find that not only does decoherence merely degrade performance but it may also stabilize stored energy and ergotropy in the high noise strength regime. For instance, the phase-flip channel slows charging and reduces charging power, but its discharging behavior releases energy and ergotropy more slowly, allowing the battery to be used for longer times compared to bit-flip and bit-phase-flip channels. In contrast, the bit-flip channel enables fast charging, but yields low storage and rapid energy release. Remarkably, the bit-phase-flip channel can combine the advantages of both bit-flip and phase-flip channels in the high-noise-strength regime. The bit-phase-flip channel supports accelerated charging together with enhanced storage capacity, while its discharging behavior resembles that of the bit-flip channel with rapid energy release. These results reveal that, under sufficiently strong noise, environmental decoherence induces a Zeno-like stabilization, allowing it to achieve enhanced charging performance and to stabilize stored energy and ergotropy in the spin-chain quantum battery.

DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2509.01603

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model with open boundary condition and is charged (discharged) via interactions with local bosonic reservoirs. We show that in the transient regime, the quantum battery (QB) can store energy faster and has a higher maximum extractable work, quantified via ergotropy, when it is affected by local phase-flip or bit-flip Markovian noise compared to the case when there is no noise in the system. In both the charging and discharging processes, we report the enhancement in work output as well as in ergotropy when all the spins are affected by a non-Markovian Ohmic bath in both the transient and the steady-state regimes, thereby showing a counterintuitive advantage of decoherence in the QB. In both Markovian and non-Markovian cases, we identify the system parameters and the corresponding noise models which lead to maximum enhancement of work output and ergotropy. Moreover, we show that the benefit due to noise persists even with the initial state being prepared at a moderate temperature.

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-spin chain with nearest-neighbor hopping interaction and investigate the quantum battery's charging process. We obtain the maximum energy in the quantum battery charged by a coherent cavity driving field or a thermal heat bath. We confirm that for a finite-length spin chain, thermal charging results in a nonzero ergotropy, contradicting a previous result: An incoherent heat source cannot charge a single-spin quantum battery. The nearest-neighbor hopping interaction induces energy-band splitting, enhancing the energy storage and the ergotropy of the quantum battery. We find a critical point in the energy and ergotropy resulting from the ground-state quantum phase transition after which the energy significantly enhances. Finally, we also find that disorder increases the energy of the quantum battery.

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