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arXiv:2508.05072 · Optics Letters

One-sided composite cavity on an optical nanocapillary fiber

S. Gadde, Jelba John, Ramachandrarao Yalla

Published Sep 5, 2025• 1 citation
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Abstract

We report on a numerical study of a one-sided cavity on an optical nanocapillary fiber (NCF) using a composite cavity. The composite cavity is formed by combining an optical NCF and an asymmetric defect mode grating. We design the cavity to realize the maximum channeling efficiency of up to ∼80% into one-sided NCF-guided modes while operating from under- to critical- and over-coupling regimes. For the maximum channeling efficiency case, we find the best performance parameters, such as quality factor, finesse, and one-pass loss of the cavity. The present platform may open a novel, to the best of our knowledge, route for designing fiber-based deterministic single-photon sources in quantum technologies.

DOI
10.1364/ol.575690

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We report on a numerical study of a one-sided cavity on an optical nanocapillary fiber (NCF) using a composite cavity. The composite cavity is formed by combining an optical NCF and an asymmetric defect mode grating. We design the cavity to realize the maximum channeling efficiency of up to ∼80% into one-sided NCF-guided modes while operating from under- to critical- and over-coupling regimes. For the maximum channeling efficiency case, we find the best performance parameters, such as quality factor, finesse, and one-pass loss of the cavity. The present platform may open a novel, to the best of our knowledge, route for designing fiber-based deterministic single-photon sources in quantum technologies.
We demonstrate a one-sided cavity on an optical nanofiber (ONF) using a composite method. The one-sided composite cavity is created by mounting an asymmetric defect mode grating on an ONF. We design the one-sided composite cavity on an ONF to enhance channeling efficiency into one side of ONF while operating from under- to critical- and over-coupling regimes using numerical simulations. Experimentally, we demonstrate coupling characteristics of the one-sided composite cavity, showing good correspondence with simulation results.
Funnelling the light emitted from quantum emitters like atoms, molecules, or defect centers into the guided mode of a single mode optical fiber is highly important for scaling up quantum optics experiments, since it provides the possibility to interconnect experiments at different locations and ensures high mode overlap of photons from different sources. Here, we present a photonic nanocavity on a tapered optical fiber. The cavities are formed by two Bragg mirrors fabricated by an ion beam [1]. Characterization in terms of transmission, reflection, and polarization are performed and compared with numerical simulations [2]. The quality factors of the fabricated devices can reach values over 300 while the mode volume is smaller than the cubic wavelength. Simulations indicate that a Purcell enhancement of 19.1 with 82 % coupling efficiency can be reached using this cavities. A comparison of cavities fabricated using a gallium beam is compared with cavities made using a helium beam giving insights about implantation of gallium in the ion beam milling fabrication of resonators. Using the knowledge from experiment and simulation, new designs for nanofiber Bragg grating cavities are developed and tested. [1] A W Schell et al. Sci. Rep. 5, 9619 (2015) [2] H Takashima et al. Opt. Express 24, 15050-15058 (2016)
We propose a single-sided optical nanofiber cavity (SSONFC) to facilitate cavity quantum electrodynamics (cQED). The structure is designed and analyzed throughs finite-difference time-domain simulations. A systematic evaluation of the cavity properties and spontaneous emission characteristics has been conducted. Our findings demonstrate that this design significantly enhances the spontaneous emission rate of a single quantum emitter (SQE). A Purcell factor of ∼22\sim 22∼22 and a maximum unidirectional single-photon coupling efficiency of around 72%72 \%72% into the ONF’s guided mode can be achieved when an SQE is positioned on the SSONFC surface. Additionally, a high scattering limited quality factor (Q∼2510Q \sim 2510Q∼2510) is obtained for the fundamental cavity mode. The structure’s dimensions can be adjusted to accommodate different SQE emission wavelengths, making it a versatile solution. This fiberintegrated single-photon device holds potential for applications in quantum phase switches, and single-photon transistors.
We propose a geometry-driven strategy for achieving tunable single-photon coupling in an optical nanofiber cavity (ONFC), where the resonance wavelength is controlled by tailoring the optical nanofiber (ONF) diameter and the grating pitch. By adjusting these structural parameters, the cavity response can be systematically tuned without modifying the material platform or by using any external control schemes. There is a wide spectral resonance wavelength variation of 60, 106, and 70 nm that can be achieved by varying the ONF diameter in the range of 150 nm, the grating pitch of 60 nm, and the elongation of 400 µm, respectively. The integration of a quantum emitter (QE) within the cavity region retains the geometry-dependent tunability of the system. This enables controlled spectral alignment between the QE emission wavelength and the cavity resonance. For a typical QE placed on the ONFC operating around 640 nm, it facilitates a strong spontaneous emission enhancement with a Purcell factor of ∼20 and a coupling efficiency of ∼94% into the ONF-guided mode. The scattering-limited cavity performance yields a quality factor, finesse, and one-pass power loss of 2930, 104, and 2.9%. Owing to its geometry-controlled design, the proposed device can be readily adapted to different QE wavelengths through appropriate structural optimization, offering a compact and fiber-integrated platform for quantum information and communication applications.
We demonstrate cavity QED conditions in the Purcell regime for single quantum emitters on the surface of an optical nanofiber. The cavity is formed by combining an optical nanofiber and a nanofabricated grating to create a composite photonic crystal cavity. By using this technique, significant enhancement of the spontaneous emission rate into the nanofiber guided modes is observed for single quantum dots. Our results pave the way for enhanced on-fiber light-matter interfaces with clear applications to quantum networks.