Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:2505.20449 · Annalen der Physik

Generating Asymmetric Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen Steering between Two movable Mirrors Exploiting Correlated‐Emission Laser

Jamal El Qars, Ismail Essaoudi, A. Ainane

Published Feb 12, 2025• 0 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Abstract Quantum steering is a form of quantum correlation that exhibits an inherent asymmetry, distinguishing it from entanglement and Bell nonlocality. It is now understood that quantum steering plays a pivotal role in asymmetric quantum information tasks. In this work, a scheme is proposed to generate asymmetric steering between two mechanical modes by transferring quantum coherence from a correlated‐emission laser. To accomplish this, quantum Langevin equations is derived to describe the optomechanical coupling between two cavity modes and two mechanical modes along with the master equation of two‐mode laser. By examining the case where the cavity modes scatter at the anti‐Stokes sidebands, it is demonstrated that both two‐way and one‐way steering can be achieved by adjusting the strength of the field driving the gain medium of the laser. Furthermore, it is showed that the direction of one‐way steering can be controlled by varying the temperatures of the mechanical baths or the strengths of the optomechanical couplings. Additionally, it is revealed that the directionality of one‐way steering depends on the modes fluctuation levels of the modes, with the mode exhibiting larger fluctuations determining the direction. This highly controllable scheme could potentially be realized with current technology, offering a promising platform for implementing one‐way quantum information tasks.

DOI
10.1002/andp.202400373

Related papers

Generating light-matter one-way steering via radiation pressure

Jamal El Qars

Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen steering is a form of inseparable quantum correlations that exhibits an inherent asymmetric property, i.e. one-way steering. In this paper, we show that the radiation pressure effect can be profitably exploited to generate stationary Gaussian quantum steering between an optical cavity mode and a mechanical mode. The optical mode is driven by a blue-detuned laser within the unresolved sideband regime. Under realistic experimental conditions, we show that strong asymmetric steering can be generated between the two considered modes. Besides, we show that the direction of one-way steering can be controlled by varying the physical parameters of the system at hand (coupling, dissipation, and detuning). Also, we discuss how the generated steering can be estimated experimentally. The demonstrated optomechanical steering may have practical implications for asymmetric quantum information tasks, e.g. one-sided device-independent quantum key distribution and quantum teleportation.

Modern Physics Letters A•Feb 9, 2024•1 citation

Controlling Remote Entanglement and One‐Way Steering Via a Squeezed Vacuum Field and an Optical Parametric Amplifier

Jing‐Nan Wei, Tie Wang, Shou Zhang +1 more

Abstract A scheme is proposed for generating remote entanglement and one‐way Einstein‐Podolsky‐Rosen (EPR) steering between two mechanical resonators in a cavity optomechanical system. Both mechanical resonators are coupled to a common cavity, which contains an optical parametric amplifier (OPA) and is driven by a squeezed vacuum field. The entanglement and EPR steering can be generated by the squeezed vacuum field and significantly enhanced by the gain of OPA. By manipulating the ratio of two effective optomechanical coupling strengths, the asymmetric EPR steering with excellent controllability on the direction, even the one‐way EPR steering can be achieved. Moreover, both the squeezed vacuum field and the OPA can effectively enhance the robustness of EPR steering against the environment temperature, and the temperature‐dependent one‐way EPR steering is explored. This work paves the way toward generating macroscopic mechanical entanglement and EPR steering with potential applications in quantum information processing.

Advanced Quantum Technologies•Jan 16, 2024•7 citations

Generation and Manipulation of One‐Way Steering in Optomagnomechanical System

Jinke Cao, Mei‐Rong Wei, Qi Guo +3 more

Abstract It is showed how to generate and control the one‐way optomechanical steering in an optomagnomechanical system. In the scheme, the magnetostriction‐induced deformation displacement of a ferrimagnet couples to an optical cavity by radiation‐pressure interaction. The optical cavity resonates with the Stokes sideband of the laser drive field, leading to the optomechanical parametric down‐conversion interaction. The magnon mode resonates with the anti‐Stokes sideband of the microwave drive field, thereby cooling the mechanical motion. By adjusting the detuning between the magnon mode and the microwave drive field, we show the relative steady‐state population numbers of photons and phonons will be changed, therefore, the direction of the optomechanical steering can be controlled. The control of the quantum steering in this scheme does not require the introduction of additional dissipation and damping of the entangled parties, which means the one‐way steering can be generated with low mechanical damping, and has strong robustness against thermal noise. This finding may provide a novel platform to generate and control quantum steering in hybrid quantum system.

Advanced Quantum Technologies•Feb 17, 2025•7 citations

Steady-state one-way Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering in optomechanical interfaces

Huatang Tan, Xincheng Zhang, Gao‐xiang Li

Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering is a form of quantum correlation and its intrinsic asymmetry makes it distinct from entanglement and Bell nonlocality. We propose here a scheme for realizing one-way Gaussian steering of two electromagnetic fields mediated by a mechanical oscillator. We reveal that the steady-state one-way steering of the intracavity and output fields is obtainable with different cavity losses or strong mechanical damping. The conditions for achieving this asymmetric steering are found, and it shows that the steering is robust against thermal mechanical fluctuations. The present scheme can realize hybrid microwave-optical asymmetric steering by optoelectromechanics. In addition, our results are generic and can also be applied to other three-mode parametrically coupled bosonic systems.

arXiv:1411.7837•Physical Review A•Mar 27, 2015•64 citations

One-Way Steering as a Resource for Asymmetric Quantum Communication in Three-Level Laser Systems

K. Talbi, J. El Qars, Ismail Essaoudi +3 more

Abstract We theoretically investigate the emergence and asymmetry of Gaussian quantum steering and Rényi-2 entanglement in the radiation field of a nondegenerate three-level laser system. The gain medium consists of atoms initially prepared in a coherent superposition of the upper and lower states, interacting with two quantized cavity modes coupled to a common thermal reservoir. Using the steady-state solution of the master equation and the covariance matrix formalism, we compute the Gaussian steerability in both directions and compare it to the Gaussian Rényi-2 entanglement. Our analysis reveals that, under a wide range of parameters—including gain strength, population inversion, and thermal phonon number—the system exhibits generic one-way steering from mode A to mode B , with the reverse direction being inaccessible. This asymmetry is shown to originate from the photon number imbalance between the two modes. We further demonstrate that thermal noise degrades quantum correlations, with steering being more fragile than entanglement. These results provide theoretical support for the implementation of asymmetric quantum information protocols in cavity-based platforms and could be tested with current experimental technologies.

Chinese Physics B•Jan 4, 2026•0 citations

One-way Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen steering with the aid of the thermal noise in a correlated emission laser

Wenxue Zhong, Guangling Cheng, Xiangming Hu

Abstract We present to use the thermal noise as an effective way to manipulate the direction of Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) steering. In particular, a system of three-level cascade laser is under our consideration, in which the atoms are prepared in an initial superposition of the upper excited level and ground level and the cavity modes are damped by the thermal bath. It is found that the thermal noise plays a constructive role in realizing the one-way EPR steering and expanding the parameter region of the steady-state asymmetric steering. In the absence of the thermal noise, two-way steering mainly occurs due to the injected atomic coherence that is quite helpful for entanglement enhancement. Surprisingly, when the thermal noise is involved, the one-way steering substitutes for two-way steering and it can be obtainable in most parameter region. Actually, the thermal noise significantly increases the mean number of the emitted photon pairs and enlarges the intensity difference between two cavity modes, which leads to the striking asymmetry in the mean photon numbers and then induces the unidirectional steerability from the mode generated by the upper transition to the mode in the low transition. The present scheme may provide a resource in a long-distance quantum network for quantum secret sharing protocol.

Laser Physics Letters•May 4, 2018•11 citations
Abstract Quantum steering is a form of quantum correlation that exhibits an inherent asymmetry, distinguishing it from entanglement and Bell nonlocality. It is now understood that quantum steering plays a pivotal role in asymmetric quantum information tasks. In this work, a scheme is proposed to generate asymmetric steering between two mechanical modes by transferring quantum coherence from a correlated‐emission laser. To accomplish this, quantum Langevin equations is derived to describe the optomechanical coupling between two cavity modes and two mechanical modes along with the master equation of two‐mode laser. By examining the case where the cavity modes scatter at the anti‐Stokes sidebands, it is demonstrated that both two‐way and one‐way steering can be achieved by adjusting the strength of the field driving the gain medium of the laser. Furthermore, it is showed that the direction of one‐way steering can be controlled by varying the temperatures of the mechanical baths or the strengths of the optomechanical couplings. Additionally, it is revealed that the directionality of one‐way steering depends on the modes fluctuation levels of the modes, with the mode exhibiting larger fluctuations determining the direction. This highly controllable scheme could potentially be realized with current technology, offering a promising platform for implementing one‐way quantum information tasks.
Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen steering is a form of inseparable quantum correlations that exhibits an inherent asymmetric property, i.e. one-way steering. In this paper, we show that the radiation pressure effect can be profitably exploited to generate stationary Gaussian quantum steering between an optical cavity mode and a mechanical mode. The optical mode is driven by a blue-detuned laser within the unresolved sideband regime. Under realistic experimental conditions, we show that strong asymmetric steering can be generated between the two considered modes. Besides, we show that the direction of one-way steering can be controlled by varying the physical parameters of the system at hand (coupling, dissipation, and detuning). Also, we discuss how the generated steering can be estimated experimentally. The demonstrated optomechanical steering may have practical implications for asymmetric quantum information tasks, e.g. one-sided device-independent quantum key distribution and quantum teleportation.
Abstract A scheme is proposed for generating remote entanglement and one‐way Einstein‐Podolsky‐Rosen (EPR) steering between two mechanical resonators in a cavity optomechanical system. Both mechanical resonators are coupled to a common cavity, which contains an optical parametric amplifier (OPA) and is driven by a squeezed vacuum field. The entanglement and EPR steering can be generated by the squeezed vacuum field and significantly enhanced by the gain of OPA. By manipulating the ratio of two effective optomechanical coupling strengths, the asymmetric EPR steering with excellent controllability on the direction, even the one‐way EPR steering can be achieved. Moreover, both the squeezed vacuum field and the OPA can effectively enhance the robustness of EPR steering against the environment temperature, and the temperature‐dependent one‐way EPR steering is explored. This work paves the way toward generating macroscopic mechanical entanglement and EPR steering with potential applications in quantum information processing.
Abstract It is showed how to generate and control the one‐way optomechanical steering in an optomagnomechanical system. In the scheme, the magnetostriction‐induced deformation displacement of a ferrimagnet couples to an optical cavity by radiation‐pressure interaction. The optical cavity resonates with the Stokes sideband of the laser drive field, leading to the optomechanical parametric down‐conversion interaction. The magnon mode resonates with the anti‐Stokes sideband of the microwave drive field, thereby cooling the mechanical motion. By adjusting the detuning between the magnon mode and the microwave drive field, we show the relative steady‐state population numbers of photons and phonons will be changed, therefore, the direction of the optomechanical steering can be controlled. The control of the quantum steering in this scheme does not require the introduction of additional dissipation and damping of the entangled parties, which means the one‐way steering can be generated with low mechanical damping, and has strong robustness against thermal noise. This finding may provide a novel platform to generate and control quantum steering in hybrid quantum system.
Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering is a form of quantum correlation and its intrinsic asymmetry makes it distinct from entanglement and Bell nonlocality. We propose here a scheme for realizing one-way Gaussian steering of two electromagnetic fields mediated by a mechanical oscillator. We reveal that the steady-state one-way steering of the intracavity and output fields is obtainable with different cavity losses or strong mechanical damping. The conditions for achieving this asymmetric steering are found, and it shows that the steering is robust against thermal mechanical fluctuations. The present scheme can realize hybrid microwave-optical asymmetric steering by optoelectromechanics. In addition, our results are generic and can also be applied to other three-mode parametrically coupled bosonic systems.
Abstract We theoretically investigate the emergence and asymmetry of Gaussian quantum steering and Rényi-2 entanglement in the radiation field of a nondegenerate three-level laser system. The gain medium consists of atoms initially prepared in a coherent superposition of the upper and lower states, interacting with two quantized cavity modes coupled to a common thermal reservoir. Using the steady-state solution of the master equation and the covariance matrix formalism, we compute the Gaussian steerability in both directions and compare it to the Gaussian Rényi-2 entanglement. Our analysis reveals that, under a wide range of parameters—including gain strength, population inversion, and thermal phonon number—the system exhibits generic one-way steering from mode A to mode B , with the reverse direction being inaccessible. This asymmetry is shown to originate from the photon number imbalance between the two modes. We further demonstrate that thermal noise degrades quantum correlations, with steering being more fragile than entanglement. These results provide theoretical support for the implementation of asymmetric quantum information protocols in cavity-based platforms and could be tested with current experimental technologies.
Abstract We present to use the thermal noise as an effective way to manipulate the direction of Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) steering. In particular, a system of three-level cascade laser is under our consideration, in which the atoms are prepared in an initial superposition of the upper excited level and ground level and the cavity modes are damped by the thermal bath. It is found that the thermal noise plays a constructive role in realizing the one-way EPR steering and expanding the parameter region of the steady-state asymmetric steering. In the absence of the thermal noise, two-way steering mainly occurs due to the injected atomic coherence that is quite helpful for entanglement enhancement. Surprisingly, when the thermal noise is involved, the one-way steering substitutes for two-way steering and it can be obtainable in most parameter region. Actually, the thermal noise significantly increases the mean number of the emitted photon pairs and enlarges the intensity difference between two cavity modes, which leads to the striking asymmetry in the mean photon numbers and then induces the unidirectional steerability from the mode generated by the upper transition to the mode in the low transition. The present scheme may provide a resource in a long-distance quantum network for quantum secret sharing protocol.