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arXiv:2505.18913 · International Journal of Quantum Information

Quantum teleportation of a single qutrit using two-qutrit entangled states

Surajit Sen, Tushar Kanti Dey, Anushree Pandey, Sovik Roy

Published Oct 9, 2025• 1 citation
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Abstract

We demonstrate quantum teleportation of a qutrit system using a complete set of two-qutrit entangled states obtained from the representation theory of the SU(3) group. All measurement gates essential for end-to-end teleportation are systematically evaluated, and these are found to be nonunitary. Our approach extends Bennett’s teleportation protocol to the qutrit system with minimal modifications, preserving operational simplicity and underscoring the necessity of nonunitary measurement operators in high-dimensional systems.

DOI
10.1142/s0219749925400027

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We demonstrate quantum teleportation of a qutrit system using a complete set of two-qutrit entangled states obtained from the representation theory of the SU(3) group. All measurement gates essential for end-to-end teleportation are systematically evaluated, and these are found to be nonunitary. Our approach extends Bennett’s teleportation protocol to the qutrit system with minimal modifications, preserving operational simplicity and underscoring the necessity of nonunitary measurement operators in high-dimensional systems.
We propose a quantum teleportation scheme for transmitting a single qutrit state by adopting a 2-qudit entangled state as the quantum channel. The measurement basis for Alice has been carefully and systematically constructed, which is essential for the successful implementation of the teleportation protocol. Based on Alice's measurement outcomes, we design the corresponding collective unitary transformations to be performed by Bob on an auxiliary qubit and information particle. After implementing the collective unitary transformation, Bob performs a von Neumann measurement on the auxiliary qubit. The single qutrit state is then teleported to the distant receiver Bob with a finite success probability. We obtain the achievable success probabilities of the proposed teleportation scheme for different quantum channels. The obtained results not only enrich the theory of quantum teleportation over high-dimensional entangled channels but also provide a novel and feasible approach to implementing qutrit teleportation.
Quantum teleportation allows a "disembodied" transmission of unknown quantum states between distant quantum systems. Yet, all teleportation experiments to date were limited to a two-dimensional subspace of quantized multiple levels of the quantum systems. Here, we propose a scheme for teleportation of arbitrarily high-dimensional photonic quantum states and demonstrate an example of teleporting a qutrit. Measurements over a complete set of 12 qutrit states in mutually unbiased bases yield a teleportation fidelity of 0.75(1), which is well above both the optimal single-copy qutrit state-estimation limit of 1/2 and maximal qubit-qutrit overlap of 2/3, thus confirming a genuine and nonclassical three-dimensional teleportation. Our work will enable advanced quantum technologies in high dimensions, since teleportation plays a central role in quantum repeaters and quantum networks.
Quantum entanglement, like othre resources, is now coonsidered to be a resource which can be produced, concentrated if required, transported and consumed. After its inception [1] in 1933, various schemes of quantum state teleportation have been proposed using different types of channels. Not restricting to qubit based systems, qutrit states and channels have also been of considerable interest. In the present paper we investigate the teleportation of an unknown single qutrit state as well as two qutrit state through a three qutrit quantum channel along with the required operations to recover the state. This is further generalized to the case of teleportation of n-qutrit system.
Quantum teleportation stands as a cornerstone of quantum communication, enabling the transmission of an unknown quantum state—typically a qubit—from a sender to a receiver without the physical transfer of the particle itself. In this study, we explore two novel teleportation protocols within the framework of ternary quantum logic, which extends conventional binary systems by incorporating three distinct quantum states, known as qutrits. This ternary paradigm introduces richer computational possibilities and more nuanced entanglement structures compared to binary logic. Both protocols incorporate a supervisory controller to regulate the transmission. The first proposed scheme utilizes entanglement swapping between two qutrits to achieve the teleportation of a qutrit. This approach demonstrates the feasibility of ternary teleportation using minimal entangled resources. The second scheme builds upon this foundation by employing entanglement swapping among three qutrits, offering enhanced control. In the second scheme, the controller remains actively embedded in the quantum circuit throughout the protocol, with the authority to abort or validate the teleportation either at the beginning of protocol or at the end, thereby introducing dynamic control. Direct entanglement between distant parties like Alice and Bob is often infeasible due to channel noise and losses, but using an intermediary party who shares entangled pairs with each party, enables long-distance entanglement, which is crucial for scalable quantum networks and quantum repeaters. This modular approach not only enhances the security and reliability of quantum communication by managing errors locally but also offers flexibility and practicality in real-world systems by facilitating entanglement through local intermediaries.
Quantum entanglement, like other resources, is now considered to be a resource. It can be produced, concentrated if required, swapped, transported and consumed. During recent years, various schemes of quantum state teleportation have been proposed using different types of quantum channels. Not restricting to qubit based systems, qutrit states and channels have also been of considerable interest. In the present paper, we investigate the teleportation of an unknown single qutrit state, as well as a two qutrit state through a three qutrit quantum channel, along with the required operations to recover the state. This is further generalized to the case of teleportation of an n-qutrit system.