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arXiv:2503.05016 · Physical Review A

Protecting spin squeezing from decoherence

Lin Jiao, Han Pu, Jun‐Hong An

Published Apr 22, 2026• 1 citation
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

As a crucial resource in the field of quantum metrology, spin squeezing can facilitate highly precise measurements that surpass the limitations imposed by classical physics. However, the quantum advantage of spin squeezing is significantly compromised by decoherence, thus impeding its practical implementation. Here, by investigating the influence of local dissipative environment on spin squeezing beyond the conventional Born-Markov approximation, we find a mechanism to protect spin squeezing from decoherence and show that robust spin squeezing can be achieved in the steady state. We outline an experimental proposal to verify our prediction in a trapped-ion platform. Overcoming the challenges set by decoherence in spin squeezing, our work provides guidance to realize high-precision sensing in realistic environments and sheds light on the effect of non-Markovian environment on quantum systems.

DOI
10.1103/6yvj-syyr

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Building robust instruments capable ofmaking interferometric measurements with precision beyond the standard quantum limit remains an important goal in many metrology laboratories. We describe here the basic concepts underlying spin squeezing experiments that allow one to surpass this limit. In principle it is possible to reach the so-called Heisenberg limit, which constitutes an improvement in precision by a factorv N, where N is the number of particles on which the measurement is carried out. In particular, we focus on recent progress toward implementing spin squeezing with a cloud of beryllium ions in a Penning ion trap, via the geometric phase gate used more commonly for performing two-qubit entangling operations in quantum computing experiments.
Abstract We propose an efficient method to protect spin squeezing under the action of amplitude-damping, depolarizing and phase-damping channels based on measurement reversal from weak measurement, and consider an ensemble of N independent spin-1/2 particles with exchange symmetry. We show that spin squeezing can be enhanced greatly under three different decoherence channels and spin-squeezing sudden death can be avoided undergoing amplitude-damping and phase-damping channels. Moreover, we find that the spin-squeezing parameters can be completely recovered to its initial value under amplitude-damping channel by changing weak measurement strength irrespective of sufficiently strong decoherence. For the phase-damping channel, the spin-squeezing parameter can be recovered to a certain stationary value in certain conditions. Our results provide an active way to suppress decoherence and enhance the spin squeezing under decoherence, which is rather significant for quantum metrology in open systems.
Accurate parameter estimation is a central task in quantum metrology and sensing, where quantum resources can provide precision beyond classical limits. In realistic settings, however, system-environment interactions lead to decoherence, reducing these strategies to their classical counterparts. Noise is typically classified as Markovian or non-Markovian, with the latter often preserving quantum coherence longer and thus supporting better metrological performance. Still, the absence of noise is generally considered ideal. In this work, we uncover a striking reversal: certain non-Markovian environments not only outperform Markovian ones - including their quantum Cramér-Rao bounds - but can also surpass the entirely noiseless case. We demonstrate these findings numerically for an all-optical setup, which is experimentally feasible and can be extended to other physical platforms. In general, our results open new avenues for noise-assisted quantum metrology beyond conventional limits.