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arXiv:2501.10217 · Physical Review X

Continuous Variable Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Certification

Benjamin Lindegren Larsen, Adnan A. E. Hajomer, Paolo Abiuso, Shuro Izumi, Tobias Gehring, Jonas Schou Neergaard-Nielsen, Antonio Acín, Ulrik L. Andersen

Published Feb 9, 2026• 1 citation

Abstract

Secure and reliable certification of quantum resources is a fundamental challenge in the advancement of next-generation quantum technologies, particularly as devices become more complex and integrated into practical applications, where parts of the system may be untrusted or inaccessible by users. Addressing this challenge requires certification methods that rely on minimal assumptions and limited trust while still faithfully and reliably verifying the quantum resources in question. For infinite-dimensional bosonic systems, existing certification methods rely on fully trusted and well-calibrated measurement systems, leaving significant security vulnerabilities open. In this work, we present the first experimental demonstration of measurement-device-independent (MDI) certification schemes for infinite-dimensional bosonic systems, where the certification process is conducted using entirely untrusted measurement devices and assuming only the trusted preparation of coherent states. Specifically, we implement schemes for the MDI certification of continuous-variable (CV) entanglement and the operation of an elementary optical CV quantum memory. We leverage techniques of Bayesian metrology and exploit the practicality and accessibility of Gaussian quantum optics to achieve secure and efficient certification. These results demonstrate the potential of the MDI framework to enhance trust in quantum technologies with applications in quantum communication and quantum computing.

DOI: 10.1103/g92b-2kwg

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Quantum entanglement serves as an essential resource for quantum information technology. In many realistic quantum information tasks, it is necessary to reliably verify entanglement even when the measurement devices are unreliable. In this Letter, we experimentally demonstrate measurement-device-independent verification of continuous-variable (CV) entanglement. We show that the conventional CV entanglement witness may falsely identify a separable state as a CV entangled state when the measurement devices are unreliable. To eliminate such need for trusted measurement devices, we implement a measurement-device-independent entanglement witness for verifying CV entanglement and demonstrate its resilience against local oscillator power and phase modifications. Our Letter sheds light on advancing high-security quantum information processing and its practical implementation in quantum networks.

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