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arXiv:2501.05738 · Physical review. B./Physical review. B

Bogolon-mediated electromagnetic wave absorption in multicomponent Bose-Einstein condensates

Xinyu Zhu, Meng Juan Sun

Published May 21, 2025• 0 citations
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Abstract

We investigate the electromagnetic wave absorption process in a coherently coupled two-component Bose-Einstein condensate model in different dimensionality at zero temperature. As the analog of phonon in the solid state physics, the elementary excitation of the Bose-Einstein condensate is described by Bogoliubov quasiparticle or bogolon for short. Due to the small magnitude of the sound velocity of the bogolon, the absorption process is prohibited by the conservation of energy and momentum. To surmount this depression, the additional degree of freedom must be considered inside of the simple Bose gas model. In this article, we develop a microscopical theory for electromagnetic wave absorption by a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate and investigate the absorption rate dependence in different dimensions. Our calculation shows the possibility of manipulating the absorption property by tuning the parameters of the condensates.

DOI
10.1103/physrevb.111.205427

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We investigate the electromagnetic wave absorption process in a coherently coupled two-component Bose-Einstein condensate model in different dimensionality at zero temperature. As the analog of phonon in the solid state physics, the elementary excitation of the Bose-Einstein condensate is described by Bogoliubov quasiparticle or bogolon for short. Due to the small magnitude of the sound velocity of the bogolon, the absorption process is prohibited by the conservation of energy and momentum. To surmount this depression, the additional degree of freedom must be considered inside of the simple Bose gas model. In this article, we develop a microscopical theory for electromagnetic wave absorption by a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate and investigate the absorption rate dependence in different dimensions. Our calculation shows the possibility of manipulating the absorption property by tuning the parameters of the condensates.
In the case of structureless bosons, cooled down to low temperatures, the absorption of electromagnetic waves by their Bose-Einstein condensate is usually forbidden due to the momentum and energy conservation laws: the phase velocity of the collective modes of the condensate called bogolons is sufficiently lower than the speed of light. Thus, only the light scattering processes persist. However, the situation might be different in the case of composite bosons or the bosons with an internal structure. Here, we develop a microscopic theory of electromagnetic power absorption by a Bose-Einstein condensates of cold atoms in various dimensions, utilizing the Bogoliubov model of a weakly-interacting Bose gas. Thus, we address the transitions between a collective coherent state of bosons and the discrete energy levels corresponding to excited internal degrees of freedom of non-condensed individual bosons. It is shown, that such transitions are mediated by one and two-bogolon excitations above the condensate, which demonstrate different efficiency at different frequencies and strongly depend on the condensate density, which influence varies depending on the dimensionality of the system.
Abstract We consider the nonlinear coupling between an exact vortex solution in a Bose–Einstein condensate and a spectrum of elementary excitations in the medium. These excitations, or Bogoliubov–de Gennes modes, are indeed a special kind of phonons. We treat the spectrum of elementary excitations in the medium as a gas of quantum particles, sometimes also called bogolons . An exact kinetic equation for the bogolon gas is derived, and an approximate form of this equation, valid in the quasi-classical limit, is also obtained. We study the energy transfer between the vortex and the bogolon gas, and establish conditions for vortex instability and damping.
Abstract We propose a mechanism for robust Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer-like superconductivity in graphene placed in the vicinity of a Bose–Einstein condensate. Electrons in the graphene interact with the excitations above the condensate, called Bogoliubov quasiparticles (or bogolons). It turns out that bogolon-pair-mediated interaction allows us to surpass the long-standing problem of the vanishing density of states of particles with a linear spectrum. This results in a dramatic enhancement of the superconducting properties of graphene while keeping its relativistic dispersion. We study the behavior of the superconducting gap and calculate critical temperatures in cases with single-bogolon and bogolon-pair-mediated pairing processes, accounting for the complex band structure of graphene. We also compare the critical temperature of the superconducting transition with the BKT temperature.
We propose a mechanism of robust BCS-like superconductivity in graphene placed in the vicinity of a Bose-Einstein condensate. Thus electrons in graphene interact with the excitations above the condensate, called the Bogoliubov quasiparticles (or bogolons). It turns out that bogolon-pair-mediated interaction allows us to surpass the long-standing problem of vanishing density of states of particles with a linear spectrum in the vicinity of the Dirac points. It results in a dramatic enhancement of the superconducting properties of graphene while keeping its relativistic dispersion. We study the behavior of the superconducting gap and calculate critical temperatures in the cases of single-bogolon and bogolon-pair-mediated pairing processes, accounting for the complex band structure of graphene. Surprisingly, both intravalley and intervalley bogolon-mediated pairings turn out equally possible.
We analyze the mean-field equilibrium states of a homogeneous Bose-Einstein condensate of boson particles in different internal states, possibly in the presence of an internal Josephson interaction, and we describe the quantum fluctuations by constructing an explicit form of the Bogoliubov transformation that characterizes the quasiparticle excitations of the system. The derivation of the Bogoliubov transformation is based on a simple geometrical picture which leads to a convenient parametrization of the transformation. Our calculations of physical properties, such as depletions and phonon velocities, as well as our discussion of stability, indicate the sense and the extent to which the internal Josephson interaction controls the many-body physics of multicomponent phase coherent matter.