arXiv:2412.03303 · Optica Quantum

Simultaneous ponderomotive squeezing of light by two mechanical modes in an optomechanical system

Peyman Malekzadeh, Emil Zeuthen, Eric Langman, Albert Schließer, Eugene Simon Polzik

Published Sep 12, 2025• 2 citations

Abstract

We experimentally demonstrate a source of squeezed light featuring simultaneous ponderomotive squeezing from two mechanical modes of an optomechanical system. We use ultra-coherent vibrational modes (Q factors on the order of 108) of a soft-clamped membrane placed in a Fabry–Pérot optical cavity at cryogenic conditions (T=11K) to create correlations between amplitude and phase quadratures of the light field. As a result of the interaction between the membrane position and the light, we generated ponderomotive squeezing of 4.8dB for the first localized mechanical mode at 1.32MHz and 4.2dB for the second localized mode at 2.43MHz, as observed in direct detection when correcting for the detection inefficiency. Thus, we have demonstrated that by leveraging more than one quantum-limited mechanical mode, optomechanical squeezed light generation can be extended to dual-band operation with an ample band separation of about an octave. Utilizing homodyne detection to detect squeezing in an optimal quadrature would lead to squeezing levels at the output of the cavity of 7.3 dB and 6.8 dB, in the two modes, respectively. Squeezing of light demonstrated here for near-infrared light can be achieved in a broad range of wavelengths due to the relative insensitivity of optomechanical interaction with SiN membranes to the wavelength. The demonstrated dual-band squeezing can be linked to the generation of two photon–phonon entangled mode pairs, suggesting that our system, viewed as an entanglement source, is more resource-efficient than single-mode optomechanics.

DOI: 10.1364/opticaq.551000

Related papers

Multimode optomechanical system in the quantum regime

William Hvidtfelt Padkær Nielsen, Yeghishe Tsaturyan, C. Møller +2 more

) mechanical modes in a phononic-bandgap shielded membrane resonator. An optical mode of a compact Fabry-Perot resonator detects these modes' motion with a measurement rate (96 kHz) that exceeds the mechanical decoherence rates already at moderate cryogenic temperatures (10 K). Reaching this quantum regime entails, inter alia, quantum measurement backaction exceeding thermal forces and thus strong optomechanical quantum correlations. In particular, we observe ponderomotive squeezing of the output light mediated by a multitude of mechanical resonator modes, with quantum noise suppression up to -2.4 dB (-3.6 dB if corrected for detection losses) and bandwidths ≲90 kHz. The multimode nature of the membrane and Fabry-Perot resonators will allow multimode entanglement involving electromagnetic, mechanical, and spin degrees of freedom.

arXiv:1605.06541Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesDec 20, 20164 citations

Single-mode input squeezing and tripartite entanglement in three-mode ponderomotive optomechanics simulations

Kahlil Dixon, Lior Cohen, Narayan Bhusal +3 more

Quantum entanglement is a crucial resource for a wide variety of quantum technologies. However, the current state-of-art methods to generate quantum entanglement in optomechanical systems are not as efficient as all-optical methods utilizing nonlinear crystals. This article proposes a new scheme in which two single-mode squeezed light fields are injected into an optomechanical cavity. We demonstrate through our numerical simulations that the quantum entanglement can be substantially enhanced with the careful selection of squeezing strength and squeezing angle of the two quadrature squeezed light fields. Our results represent a significant improvement in output bipartite photon-photon entanglement over the previously demonstrated schemes using two coherent light fields as inputs. These simulations predict a maximum increase in bipartite optical entanglement by a factor of about 6, as well as increases in the quantum noise of the output light. A perceived loss of quantum information at certain squeezing angles is attributed to tripartite entanglement between the two optical fields and the optomechanical oscillator (OMO). At particular squeezing angles, the bipartite (or tripartite) entanglement can be increased, thus introducing a method of optically controlling the intracavity entanglement. These mechanics can benefit various optical quantum technologies utilizing optomechanical entanglement and continuous variable quantum optics.

arXiv:2107.07053Jul 15, 20210 citations

Strong squeezing via phonon mediated spontaneous generation of photon pairs

Kenan Qu, G. S. Agarwal

We propose a scheme for generating squeezed light by using a double-cavity optomechanical system driven by a blue detuned laser in one cavity and by a red detuned laser in the other.This double-cavity system is shown to effectively mimic an interaction that is similar to the one for a downconverter, which is known to be a source of strong squeezing for light fields.There are however distinctions, as the phonons which lead to such an interaction can contribute to the quantum noise.We show that squeezing of the output fields, of the order of 10 dB, can be achieved even for an effective mechanical mode occupation number of about 4, which for the chosen parameters corresponds to 10 mK.Our results are generic and applicable to a wide class of electromechanical and optomechanical systems involving the interaction of two electromagnetic modes and one mechanical mode.

arXiv:1401.7353New Journal of PhysicsOct 30, 201419 citations

Squeezing light with optomechanical and spin-light quantum interfaces

Gian-Luca Schmid, Manel Bosch Aguilera, Chun Tat Ngai +6 more

We investigate squeezing of light through quantum-noise-limited interactions with two different material systems: an ultracold atomic spin ensemble and a micromechanical membrane. Both systems feature a light-matter quantum interface that we exploit, respectively, to generate polarization squeezing of light through Faraday interaction with the collective atomic spin precession, and ponderomotive quadrature squeezing of light through radiation pressure interaction with the membrane vibrations in an optical cavity. Both experiments are described in a common theoretical framework, highlighting the conceptual similarities between them. The observation of squeezing certifies light-matter coupling with large quantum cooperativity, a prerequisite for applications in quantum science and technology. In our experiments, we obtain a maximal cooperativity of C qu = 10 for the spin and C qu = 9 for the membrane. In particular, our results pave the way for hybrid quantum systems where spin and mechanical degrees of freedom are coherently coupled via light, enabling new protocols for quantum state transfer and entanglement generation over macroscopic distances.

arXiv:2504.03507Comptes Rendus PhysiqueOct 8, 20250 citations

Strong quantum squeezing of mechanical resonator via parametric amplification and coherent feedback

Xiang You, Zongyang Li, Yongmin Li

A scheme to achieve strong quantum squeezing of a mechanical resonator in a membrane-in-the-middle optomechanical system is developed. To this end, simultaneous linear and nonlinear coupling between the mechanical resonator and the cavity modes is applied. A two-tone driving light field, comprising unequal red-detuned and blue-detuned sidebands, helps in generating a coherent feedback force through the linear coupling with the membrane resonator. Another driving light field with its amplitude modulated at twice the mechanical frequency drives the mechanical parametric amplification through a second-order coupling with the resonator. The combined effect produces strong quantum squeezing of the mechanical state. The proposed scheme is quite robust to excess second-order coupling observed in coherent feedback operations and can suppress the fluctuations in the mechanical quadrature to far below the zero point and achieve strong squeezing (greater than 10 dB) for realistic parameters.

Physical Review ADec 8, 201721 citations

Optomechanical Entanglement and Squeezing in Coherent-Feedback-assisted Quadratic Optomechanics

焦亚峰, Ruo-Chen Wang, Jingxue Liu +5 more

Quantum entanglement and squeezing associated with the motions of massive mechanical oscillators play an essential role in both fundamental science and emerging quantum technologies, yet realizing such macroscopic nonclassical states remains a formidable challenge. In this paper, we investigate how to achieve strong optomechanical entanglement and mechanical squeezing in a membrane-embedded cavity optomechanical system incorporating a coherent feedback loop, where the membrane interacts with the cavity mode through both linear and quadratic optomechanical couplings. This hybrid optomechanical architecture offers a flexible tunability of intrinsic system parameters, thereby enabling controlled stiffening or softening of the mechanical mode through adjusting quadratic optomechanical coupling, as well as effective modulation of the cavity decay rate via feedback control. More importantly, the synergistic interplay effect allows for a strategic reconfiguration of the system's stability regime, which in turn permits the presence of significantly enhanced effective optomechanical coupling strengths before entering the unstable regime. Exploiting these unique features, we demonstrate that optomechanical entanglement can be substantially enhanced with positive coupling sign and suitable feedback parameters, while strong mechanical squeezing beyond the 3dB limit is simultaneously achieved over a broad parameter range with negative coupling sign, reaching squeezing degree above 10dB under optimized conditions. Our proposal, establishing an all-optical method for generating highly entangled or squeezed states in cavity optomechanical systems, opens up a new route to explore macroscopic quantum effects and to advance quantum information processing.

Mar 24, 20260 citations