Abstract In this study, we analyze the influence of non-standard interaction (NSI) on steering in three-flavor neutrino oscillations, with a focus on the NOνA and DUNE experimental setups. DUNE, having a longer baseline, exhibits a more pronounced deviation towards NSI in steering compared to NOνA. Within the energy range where DUNE’s maximum flux appears, the steering value for DUNE shows a 21% deviation from the standard model (SM) to NSI for normal ordering (NO), while for inverted ordering (IO), the steering value increases by approximately 15% relative to the SM. We conduct a comparative analysis of nonlocality, steering, and entanglement. Additionally, we express steering in terms of three-flavor neutrino oscillation probabilities and explore the relationship between steering inequality and concurrence.
Abstract In this study, we analyze the influence of non-standard interaction (NSI) on steering in three-flavor neutrino oscillations, with a focus on the NOνA and DUNE experimental setups. DUNE, having a longer baseline, exhibits a more pronounced deviation towards NSI in steering compared to NOνA. Within the energy range where DUNE’s maximum flux appears, the steering value for DUNE shows a 21% deviation from the standard model (SM) to NSI for normal ordering (NO), while for inverted ordering (IO), the steering value increases by approximately 15% relative to the SM. We conduct a comparative analysis of nonlocality, steering, and entanglement. Additionally, we express steering in terms of three-flavor neutrino oscillation probabilities and explore the relationship between steering inequality and concurrence.
In this study, we investigate the impact of new physics on different measures of tripartite entanglement within the context of three-flavor neutrino oscillations. These measures encompass concurrence, entanglement of formation, and negativity. We analyze the influence of new physics on these measures across a range of experimental setups involving both reactors and accelerators. Reactor experiments under consideration include Daya Bay, JUNO, and KamLAND setups, while accelerator experiments encompass T2K, MINOS, and DUNE. Our analysis reveals that accelerator experiments demonstrate greater sensitivity to NSI, with the most pronounced impact observed in the DUNE experiment. Negativity, while a weaker metric compared to EOF and concurrence, exhibits maximal sensitivity to NSI effects, particularly evident when neutrinos possess moderate to high energies. Conversely, reactor experiments demonstrate less sensitivity to NSI, with concurrence and EOF displaying more prominent effects.
Abstract In this work, we explore the influence of off-diagonal non-standard interaction (NSI) parameters on quantum entanglement within the three-flavor neutrino oscillation framework. By expressing three key entanglement measures: Entanglement of Formation (EOF), Concurrence, and Negativity in terms of oscillation probabilities, we analyze how these quantum correlations are affected by the NSI parameters ϵ eμ , ϵ eτ , and ϵ μτ , including their complex phases. The quantum correlation measures considered in this work cannot be extracted directly from event rates, but solely in terms of oscillation probabilities. Using the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment experiment as a reference point, our analysis shows that NSI effects are most pronounced at lower energies, while Negativity continuing to dominate even at higher energies. It is observed that ϵ eμ and ϵ eτ affect entanglement measures mainly through the appearance channel, while the impact of ϵ μτ on EOF, Concurrence, and Negativity is predominantly linked to the disappearance channel. Further, our results show that Negativity is more sensitive than EOF and Concurrence in the [Energy ( E )– δ CP ] plane under the influence of off-diagonal NSI scenarios, displaying a clear dependence of the CP-violating phase, δ CP on specific energy ranges, particularly in the lower energy regime.
In the three-flavor neutrino oscillation framework, we investigate the transition probabilities of an initial muon neutrino flavor state in the presence of nonstandard interactions (NSIs) characterized by complex off-diagonal (∣εαβ∣eiφαβ) and diagonal parameters (∣εαα−εββ∣), including a CP-violating phase and a constant matter potential, under both normal (NO) and inverted mass ordering (IO) scenarios. Within these scenarios and through the lens of mode entanglement, bipartite entanglement measures such as entanglement entropy and capacity of entanglement are quantified in terms of the transition probabilities, which can be measured in neutrino oscillation experiments. Using these two bipartite entanglement measures, we further explore the quantum speed limit (QSL) time, which describes how rapidly bipartite entanglement evolves during neutrino oscillations. We illustrate our results using the baseline lengths and energies corresponding to ongoing long-baseline accelerator neutrino experiments, such as T2K, NOνA, and the upcoming DUNE experiment. In the presence of a CP-violating phase and a constant matter potential, both with and without NSI effects, we compare the QSL time behavior for bipartite entanglement in neutrino oscillations for NO and IO. The most pronounced discrepancies in the QSL time for bipartite entanglement arise from the off-diagonal NSI parameter εμτ across both the NO and IO scenarios. We emphasize that among all the experiments considered, NOνA and DUNE exhibit a rapid suppression of bipartite entanglement in neutrino oscillations in the standard oscillation scenario with NO at the end of their baseline lengths for the corresponding best-fit value of CP-violating phase. Our results hint at a possible imprint of new physics in neutrino oscillations.
Violation of LGtI inequalities in the light of NOνA and T2K anomaly
Abstract The recent anomaly observed in NO ν ν A and T2K experiments in standard three-flavor neutrino oscillation could potentially signal physics extending beyond the standard model (SM). For the NSI parameters that can accommodate this anomaly, we explore the violation of Leggett–Garg type inequalities (LGtI) within the context of three-flavor neutrino oscillations. Our analysis focuses on LGtI violations in scenarios involving complex NSI with ϵeμ ϵ e μ or ϵeτ ϵ e τ coupling in long baseline accelerator experiments for normal and inverted mass ordering. LGtI violation is significantly enhanced in normal ordering (NO) for ϵeτ ϵ e τ scenario for T2K, NO ν ν A, and DUNE experiment set-up. We find that for inverted ordering (IO), in the DUNE experimental set-up above 8.5 GeV, the LGtI violation can be an indication of ϵeτ ϵ e τ new physics scenario.
Abstract Non-local correlations in entangled systems are usually captured by measures such as Bell’s inequality violation. It was recently shown that in neutrino systems, a measure of non-local advantage of quantum coherence (NAQC) can be considered as a stronger measure of non-local correlations as compared to the Bell’s inequality violation. In this work, we analyze the effects of non standard interaction (NSI) on these measures in the context of two flavour neutrino oscillations for DUNE, MINOS, T2K, KamLAND, JUNO and Daya Bay experimental set-ups. We find that even in the presence of NSI, Bell’s inequality violation occurs in the entire energy range whereas the NAQC violation is observed only in some specific energy range justifying the more elementary feature of NAQC. Further, we find that NSI can enhance the violation of NAQC and Bell’s inequality parameter in the higher energy range of a given experimental set-up; these enhancements being maximal for the KamLAND experiment. However, the possible enhancement in the violation of the Bell’s inequality parameter over the standard model prediction can be up to 11% whereas for NAQC it is 7%. Thus although NAQC is a comparatively stronger witness of nonclassicality, it shows lesser sensitivity to NSI effects in comparison to the Bell’s inequality parameter.
NNumerous neutrino experiments have confirmed the phenomenon of neutrino oscillation, providing direct evidence of the quantum mechanical nature of neutrinos. In this work, we investigate the entanglement properties of neutrino flavor states within the framework of three-flavor neutrino oscillation using two major entanglement measures: entanglement of formation (EOF) and concurrence, utilizing the DUNE experimental setup. Our findings indicate that the maximally entangled state appears between ν μ and ν τ whereas, ν e behaves as a nearly separable state. To further explore the nature of bipartite entanglement, we introduce the concept of the monogamy of entanglement, which allows us to investigate the distinction between genuine three-flavor entanglement and bipartite entanglement. Our analysis confirms that the three-flavor neutrino system forms a bipartite entanglement structure, adhering to the Coffman-Kundu-Wootters (CKW) inequality. Additionally, we implement a minimization procedure to find the best-fit values of the oscillation parameters that correspond to the concurrence minima at the two specific energy points where the concurrence reaches its lowest values. Using these best-fit values, we probe three fundamental unknowns in neutrino oscillation: CP violation sensitivity, neutrino mass hierarchy, and the octant issue of θ 23 , across two distinct energy points. Our results manifest that while the best-fit values obtained through concurrence minimization show slightly reduced sensitivity to CP violation compared to current best-fit values, they exhibit greater sensitivity to the mass hierarchy. Furthermore, the study reveals a maximal mixing angle for the atmospheric sector.