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arXiv:2410.04130

Entanglement-assisted Quantum Error Correcting Code Saturating The Classical Singleton Bound

Soham Ghosh, Evagoras Stylianou, Holger Boche

Published Oct 5, 2024• 0 citations
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Abstract

We introduce a construction for entanglement-assisted quantum error-correcting codes (EAQECCs) that saturates the classical Singleton bound with less shared entanglement than any known method for code rates below $ \frac{k}{n} = \frac{1}{3} $. For higher rates, our EAQECC also meets the Singleton bound, although with increased entanglement requirements. Additionally, we demonstrate that any classical $[n,k,d]_q$ code can be transformed into an EAQECC with parameters $[[n,k,d;2k]]_q$ using $2k$ pre-shared maximally entangled pairs. The complexity of our encoding protocol for $k$-qudits with $q$ levels is $\mathcal{O}(k \log_{\frac{q}{q-1}}(k))$, excluding the complexity of encoding and decoding the classical MDS code. While this complexity remains linear in $k$ for systems of reasonable size, it increases significantly for larger-levelled systems, highlighting the need for further research into complexity reduction.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.2410.04130

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he entanglement-assisted stabilizer formalism provides a useful framework for constructing quantum error-correcting codes (QECC), which can transform arbitrary classical linear codes into entanglement-assisted quantum error correcting codes (EAQECCs) by using pre-shared entanglement between the sender and the receiver. In this paper, we construct five classes of entanglement-assisted quantum MDS (EAQMDS) codes based on classical MDS codes by exploiting one or more pre-shared maximally entangled states. We show that these EAQMDS codes have much larger minimum distance than the standard quantum MDS (QMDS) codes of the same length, and three classes of these EAQMDS codes consume only one pair of maximally entangled states.
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The entanglement-assisted (EA) formalism is a generalization of the standard stabilizer formalism, and it can transform arbitrary quaternary classical linear codes into entanglement-assisted quantum error correcting codes (EAQECCs) by using of shared entanglement between the sender and the receiver. Using the special structure of linear EAQECCs, we derive an EA-Plotkin bound for linear EAQECCs, which strengthens the previous known EA-Plotkin bound. This linear EA-Plotkin bound is tighter then the EA-Singleton bound, and matches the EA-Hamming bound and the EA-linear programming bound in some cases. We also construct three families of EAQECCs with good parameters. Some of these EAQECCs saturate this linear EA-Plotkin bound and the others are near optimal according to this bound; almost all of these linear EAQECCs are degenerate codes.
Entanglement-assisted quantum error-correcting codes (EAQECCs) make use of preexisting entanglement between the sender and receiver to boost the rate of transmission. It is possible to construct an EAQECC from any classical linear code, unlike standard quantum error-correcting codes, which can only be constructed from dual-containing codes. However, the parameter of ebits ccc is usually calculated by computer search. In this paper, we construct four classes of MDS entanglement-assisted quantum error-correcting codes (MDS EAQECCs) based on kkk-Galois LCD MDS codes for some certain code lengths, where the parameter of ebits ccc can be easily generated algebraically and not by computational search. Moreover, the constructed four classes of EAQECCs are also maximal-entanglement EAQECCs.
Quantum error correction is fundamentally important for quantum information processing and computation. Quantum error correction codes have been studied and constructed since the pioneering papers of Shor and Steane. Optimal (called MDS) qqq-qubit quantum codes attaining the quantum Singleton bound were constructed for very restricted lengths n≤q2+1n \leq q^2+1n≤q2+1. Entanglement-assisted quantum error correction (EAQEC) code was proposed to use the pre-shared maximally entangled state for the enhancing of error correction capability. Recently there have been a lot of constructions of MDS EAQEC codes attaining the quantum Singleton bound for very restricted lengths. In this paper we construct such MDS EAQEC [[n,k,d,c]]q[[n, k, d, c]]_q[[n,k,d,c]]q​ codes for arbitrary nnn satisfying n≤q2+1n \leq q^2+1n≤q2+1 and arbitrary distance d≤n+22d\leq \frac{n+2}{2}d≤2n+2​. It is proved that for any given length nnn satisfying O(q2)=n≤q2+1O(q^2)=n \leq q^2+1O(q2)=n≤q2+1 and any given distance ddd satisfying $ O(q^2)=d \leq \frac{n+2}{2}$, there exist at least O(q2)O(q^2)O(q2) MDS EAQEC [[n,k,d,c]]q[[n, k, d, c]]_q[[n,k,d,c]]q​ codes with different ccc parameters. Our results show that there are much more MDS entanglement-assisted quantum codes than MDS quantum codes without consumption of the maximally entangled state. This is natural from the physical point of view. Our method can also be applied to construct MDS entanglement-assisted quantum codes from the generalized MDS twisted Reed-Solomon codes.