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arXiv:2409.16715 · Journal of the Physical Society of Japan

Collapsing Behavior of the Ferrimagnetic Ground State of the S = 1/2 Heisenberg Antiferromagnet on the Lieb Lattice due to Frustration

Rito Furuchi, Hiroki Nakano, Tôru Sakai

Published Oct 3, 2024• 0 citations
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Abstract

We study the $S = 1/2$ Heisenberg antiferromagnet on the Lieb lattice accompanied by additional interactions that create frustration. The system exhibits a ferrimagnetic ground state in the absence of frustration. Further, we successfully observe a novel type of collapsing behavior of the ferrimagnetism via numerical diagonalization. The ferrimagnetic state is observed to collapse in a discontinuous manner. Furthermore, different ground states with small spontaneous magnetizations are obtained before the spontaneous magnetization finally disappears.

DOI
10.7566/jpsj.93.115002

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We study the S=1/2S = 1/2S=1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet on the Lieb lattice accompanied by additional interactions that create frustration. The system exhibits a ferrimagnetic ground state in the absence of frustration. Further, we successfully observe a novel type of collapsing behavior of the ferrimagnetism via numerical diagonalization. The ferrimagnetic state is observed to collapse in a discontinuous manner. Furthermore, different ground states with small spontaneous magnetizations are obtained before the spontaneous magnetization finally disappears.
The S = 1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet on the two-dimensional pyramid lattice is studied by the numerical-diagonalization method. This lattice is obtained by the combination of the Lieb lattice and the square lattice. It is known that when interaction on the square lattice is increased from the ferrimagnetic limit of strong interaction on the Lieb lattice, this system shows gradual decrease and disappearance of spontaneous magnetization in the ground state. The present study treats the region near the case of the square-lattice antiferromagnet accompanied by isolated spins by numerical-diagonalization calculations of finite-size clusters with the maximum size of 39 sites. Our numerical results suggest the existence of a new phase with small but nonzero spontaneous magnetization between two zero-spontaneous-magnetization phases.
The S = 1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet on the two-dimensional pyramid lattice is studied by the numerical-diagonalization method. This lattice is obtained by the combination of the Lieb lattice and the square lattice. It is known that when interaction on the square lattice is increased from the ferrimagnetic limit of strong interaction on the Lieb lattice, this system shows gradual decrease and disappearance of spontaneous magnetization in the ground state. The present study treats the region near the case of the square-lattice antiferromagnet accompanied by isolated spins by numerical-diagonalization calculations of finite-size clusters with the maximum size of 39 sites. Our numerical results suggest the existence of a new phase with small but nonzero spontaneous magnetization between two zero-spontaneous-magnetization phases.
We study the ground-state properties of the S=1/2 Heisenberg models on the quasi-onedimensional kagome strip lattices by the exact diagonalization and density matrix renormalization group methods. The models with two different strip widths share the same lattice structure in their inner part with the spatially anisotropic two-dimensional kagome lattice. When there is no magnetic frustration, the well-known Lieb-Mattis ferrimagnetic state is realized in both models. When the strength of magnetic frustration is increased, on the other hand, the Lieb-Mattis-type ferrimagnetism is collapsed. We find that there exists a non-Lieb-Mattis ferrimagnetic state between the Lieb-Mattis ferrimagnetic state and the nonmagnetic ground state. The local magnetization clearly shows an incommensurate modulation with long-distance periodicity in the non-Lieb-Mattis ferrimagnetic state. The intermediate non-Lieb-Mattis ferrimagnetic state occurs irrespective of strip width, which suggests that the intermediate phase of the two-dimensional kagome lattice is also the non-Lieb-Mattis-type ferrimagnetism.
The ground-state properties of the S=1/2 frustrated Heisenberg spin chain with interactions up to fourth nearest neighbors are investigated by the exact-diagonalization method and density matrix renormalization group method. Our numerical calculations clarify that the ferrimagnetic state is realized in the ground state in spite of the fact that a multi-sublattice structure in the shape of the system is absent. We find that there are two types of ferrimagnetic phases: one is the well-known ferrimagnetic phase of the Lieb-Mattis type and the other is the nontrivial ferrimagnetic phase that is different from that of the Lieb-Mattis type. Our results suggest that a multi-sublattice structure of the shape is not necessarily required for the occurrence of ferrimagnetism.
The ground state properties of the S = 1/ 2 frustrated Heisenberg chain with period 3 exchange modulation are investigated using the numerical diagonalization and density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) method. It is known that this model has a magnetization plateau at one third of the saturation magnetization Ms. On the other hand, the ground state is ferrimagnetic even in the absence of frustration if one of the nearest neighbour bond is ferromagnetic and the others are antiferromagnetic. In the present work, we show that this ferrimagnetic state continues to the region in which all bonds are antiferromagnetic if the frustration is strong. This state further continues to the above- mentioned 1/ 3 plateau state. In between, we also find the noncollinear ferrimagnetic phase in which the spontaneous magnetization is finite but less than Ms/ 3. The intuitive interpretation for the phase diagram is given and the physical properties of these phases are discussed.
We study the ground-state properties of the S = 1/2 antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model on the Union Jack strip lattice by using the exact-diagonalization and density matrix renormalization group methods. We confirm a region of a magnetization state intermediate between the Néel-like spin liquid state and the conventional ferrimagnetic state of a Lieb-Mattis type. In the intermediate state, we find that the spontaneous magnetization changes gradually with respect to the strength of the inner interaction. In addition, the local magnetization clearly shows an incommensurate modulation with long-distance periodicity in the intermediate magnetization state. These characteristic behaviors lead to the conclusion that the intermediate magnetization state is a non-Lieb-Mattis ferrimagnetic one. We also discuss the relationship between the ground-state properties of the S = 1/2 antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model on the original Union Jack lattice and those on our strip lattice.