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arXiv:2402.04127 · Physical Review A

Role of seeding in the generation of polarization squeezed light by an atomic Kerr medium

Eduardo C. Lima, Breno Marques, M. Martinelli, Luciano Soares da Cruz

Published Aug 1, 2024• 2 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Quantum state production and characterization are fundamental elements for many quantum technological applications. In this paper, we studied the generation of polarization quantum states by interacting light with a Kerr medium and the dependency of the outcome on orthogonal polarization seeding. Starting from coherent states produced by Ti:sapphire laser, interaction with a $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ warm vapor cell led to noise compression of $\ensuremath{-}5.2\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.5\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{dB}\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}(6.4\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.6\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{dB}$ after correction of the detection quantum efficiency). Experimental characterization of the effect of an orthogonal polarization light seed on squeezing is shown to agree with the theoretical model.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.110.023704

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Quantum state production and characterization are fundamental elements for many quantum technological applications. In this paper, we studied the generation of polarization quantum states by interacting light with a Kerr medium and the dependency of the outcome on orthogonal polarization seeding. Starting from coherent states produced by Ti:sapphire laser, interaction with a 87Rb^{87}\mathrm{Rb}87Rb warm vapor cell led to noise compression of \ensuremath−5.2\ifmmode±\else\textpm\fi0.5dB(6.4\ifmmode±\else\textpm\fi0.6dB\ensuremath{-}5.2\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.5\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{dB}\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}(6.4\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.6\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{dB}\ensuremath−5.2\ifmmode±\else\textpm\fi0.5dB(6.4\ifmmode±\else\textpm\fi0.6dB after correction of the detection quantum efficiency). Experimental characterization of the effect of an orthogonal polarization light seed on squeezing is shown to agree with the theoretical model.
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A polarization squeezed optical beam can directly interact with the atomic medium, and its measurement is local-oscillator free. Here we have deterministically generated polarization squeezed light at 795 nm. First, a laser at 398 nm is produced from second-harmonic generation with an enhancement cavity. Then a pair of quadrature amplitude squeezed optical fields is prepared with two degenerate optical parameter amplifiers that are pumped by the resulting laser at 398 nm. Finally, the polarization squeezed state of light is generated by combining the above two quadrature amplitude squeezed optical beams on a polarizing beam splitter, and the quantum fluctuations of three Stokes operators simultaneously are reduced 4.0 dB below the quantum noise limit. The polarization squeezing has potential applications in future quantum information networks.
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A brief review of theoretical studies of the quantum state of polarization of light exhibiting the level of fluctuations in at least one of the Stokes parameters which is below the quantum noise limit is presented. Two approaches to generation of polarization-squeezed state of light are analyzed in detail: by propagating coherent radiation in a cubic nonlinear medium and by mixing radiation of two orthogonally polarized quadrature-squeezed modes. The degree of polarization of light is discussed. Other areas of quantum polarization optics, in particular, entanglement of quantum Stokes parameters and quantum polarization tomography, are also discussed.
Summary form only given. We suggest a promising way to obtain the squeezing of vacuum fluctuations. We study the interaction of linearly polarized light with atoms in a double-/spl Lambda/ configuration, where the two lower levels are Zeeman sublevels of the atomic ground state and the upper levels are the hyperfine components of the atomic excited state. In such systems, Kerr nonlinearity associated with the ac-Stark effect causes self-rotation of the elliptical polarization. At the same time when the linearly polarized light traverses such a medium, a squeezed vacuum is produced in the orthogonal polarization.