Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:2312.10559 · International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory (LATTICE)

Bootstrap methods for digitized scalar field theory

Zane Ozzello, Yannick Meurice

Published Dec 27, 2023• 1 citation
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

General positivity constraints linking various powers of observables in energy eigenstates can be used to sharply locate acceptable regions for the energy eigenvalues, provided that efficient recursive methods are available to calculate the matrix elements. These recursive methods are derived by looking at the commutation relations of the observables with the Hamiltonian. We discuss how this self-consistent (bootstrap) approach can be applied to the study of digitized scalar field theory in the harmonic basis. Using known results, we develop the method by testing on quantum systems, including the harmonic and anharmonic oscillators. We report recent numerical results for up to four coupled anharmonic oscillators. From here, we consider the possibility of using the groundwork of this method as a means of studying phase transitions in 1+1 dimensions.

DOI
10.22323/1.453.0163

Related papers

Quantum Bootstrap in Microcanonical Ensembles: Computational Insights and Applications

Shujaatali Badami

This paper explores the quantum bootstrap method, a promising numerical approach rooted in self-consistency conditions, and its application in microcanonical ensembles. Initially developed in the 1960s and ’70s, the bootstrap technique has found applications in various fields, including quantum mechanics, lattice theory, conformal field theory, and matrix models. While extensively studied in quantum mechanics, this paper introduces a classical correspondence to the quantum bootstrap method, expanding its applicability to microcanonical ensembles. The study incorporates a novel approach, demonstrating stronger constraints by integrating additional information in phase space. Numerical examples, including the double well potential, harmonic oscillator, Coulomb potential, and non-relativistic Toda model, illustrate the method’s effectiveness in resolving unphysical energy regions and improving computational precision. These results highlight its potential as a powerful tool in computational physics and quantum computing.

International Conference on Pervasive Computational Technologies (ICPCT)•Feb 8, 2025•3 citations

Bootstrapping Bloch bands

S. Tchoumakov, Serge Florens

Abstract Bootstrap methods, initially developed for solving statistical and quantum field theories, have recently been shown to capture the discrete spectrum of quantum mechanical problems, such as the single particle Schrödinger equation with an anharmonic potential. The core of bootstrap methods builds on exact recursion relations of arbitrary moments of some quantum operator and the use of an adequate set of positivity criteria. We extend this methodology to models with continuous Bloch band spectra, by considering a single quantum particle in a periodic cosine potential. We find that the band structure can be obtained accurately provided the bootstrap uses moments involving both position and momentum variables. We also introduce several new techniques that can apply generally to other bootstrap studies. First, we devise a trick to reduce by one unit the dimensionality of the search space for the variables parametrizing the bootstrap. Second, we employ statistical techniques to reconstruct the distribution probability allowing to compute observables that are analytic functions of the canonical variables. This method is used to extract the Bloch momentum, a quantity that is not readily available from the bootstrap recursion itself.

arXiv:2109.06600•Journal of Physics A Mathematical and Theoretical•Nov 23, 2021•27 citations

Bootstrapping the gap in quantum spin systems

Colin Oscar Nancarrow, Yuan Xin

Abstract In this work we report on a new bootstrap method for quantum mechanical problems that closely mirrors the setup from conformal field theory (CFT). We use the equations of motion to develop an analogue of the conformal block expansion for matrix elements and impose crossing symmetry in order to place bounds on their values. The method can be applied to any quantum mechanical system with a local Hamiltonian, and we test it on an anharmonic oscillator model as well as the (1 + 1)-dimensional transverse field Ising model (TFIM). For the anharmonic oscillator model we show that a small number of crossing equations provides an accurate solution to the spectrum and matrix elements. For the TFIM we show that the Hamiltonian equations of motion, translational invariance and global symmetry selection rules imposes a rigorous bound on the gap and the matrix elements of TFIM in the thermodynamic limit. The bound improves as we consider larger systems of crossing equations, ruling out more finite-volume solutions. Our method provides a way to probe the low energy spectrum of an infinite lattice from the Hamiltonian rigorously and without approximation.

arXiv:2211.03819•Journal of High Energy Physics•Aug 11, 2023•20 citations

Bootstrapping the Kronig-Penney model

Matthew J. Blacker, Arpan Bhattacharyya, Aritra Banerjee

Recently, bootstrap methods from conformal field theory have been adapted for studying the energy spectrum of various quantum mechanical systems. In this paper, we consider the application of these methods in obtaining the spectrum from the Schr\"odinger equation with periodic potentials, paying particular attention to the Kronig-Penney model of a particle in a one-dimensional lattice. With an appropriate choice of operator basis involving position and momenta, we find that the bootstrap approach efficiently computes the band gaps of the energy spectrum but has trouble effectively constraining the minimum energy. We show how applying more complex constraints involving higher powers of momenta can potentially remedy such a problem. We also propose an approach for analytically constructing the dispersion relation associated with the Bloch momentum of the system.

arXiv:2209.09919•Physical review. D/Physical review. D.•Dec 14, 2022•17 citations

Aplicações do Bootstrap Funcional Extremo

Alexander Meinke

The study of conformal symmetry is motivated through an example in statistical mechanics and then rigorously developed in quantum field theories in general spatial dimensions. In particular, primary fields are introduced as the fundamental objects of such theories and then studied in the formalism of radial quantization. The implications of conformal invariance on the functional form of correlation functions are studied in detail. Conformal blocks are defined and various approaches to their analytical and numerical calculation are presented with a special emphasis on the one-dimensional case. Building on these preliminaries, a modern formulation of the conformal bootstrap program and its various extensions are discussed. Examples are given in which bounds on the scaling dimensions in a one-dimensional theory are derived numerically. Using these results I motivate the technique of using the extremal functional bootstrap which I then develop in more detail. Many technical details are discussed and examples shown. After a brief discussion of conformal field theories with a boundary I apply numerical methods to find constraints on the spectrum of the 3D Ising model. Another application is presented in which I study the 4-point function on the boundary of a particular theory in Anti-de-Sitter space in order to approximate the mass spectrum of the theory.

•Nov 13, 2018•0 citations

Applications of the Extremal Functional Bootstrap

Alexander Meinke

The study of conformal symmetry is motivated through an example in statistical mechanics and then rigorously developed in quantum field theories in general spatial dimensions.In particular, primary fields are introduced as the fundamental objects of such theories and then studied in the formalism of radial quantization.The implications of conformal invariance on the functional form of correlation functions are studied in detail.Conformal blocks are defined and various approaches to their analytical and numerical calculation are presented with a special emphasis on the one-dimensional case.Building on these preliminaries, a modern formulation of the conformal bootstrap program and its various extensions are discussed.Examples are given in which bounds on the scaling dimensions in a one-dimensional theory are derived numerically.Using these results I motivate the technique of using the extremal functional bootstrap which I then develop in more detail.Many technical details are discussed and examples shown.After a brief discussion of conformal field theories with a boundary I apply numerical methods to find constraints on the spectrum of the 3D Ising model.Another application is presented in which I study the 4-point function on the boundary of a particular theory in Anti-de-Sitter space in order to approximate the mass spectrum of the theory.

•Nov 26, 2018•0 citations
General positivity constraints linking various powers of observables in energy eigenstates can be used to sharply locate acceptable regions for the energy eigenvalues, provided that efficient recursive methods are available to calculate the matrix elements. These recursive methods are derived by looking at the commutation relations of the observables with the Hamiltonian. We discuss how this self-consistent (bootstrap) approach can be applied to the study of digitized scalar field theory in the harmonic basis. Using known results, we develop the method by testing on quantum systems, including the harmonic and anharmonic oscillators. We report recent numerical results for up to four coupled anharmonic oscillators. From here, we consider the possibility of using the groundwork of this method as a means of studying phase transitions in 1+1 dimensions.
This paper explores the quantum bootstrap method, a promising numerical approach rooted in self-consistency conditions, and its application in microcanonical ensembles. Initially developed in the 1960s and ’70s, the bootstrap technique has found applications in various fields, including quantum mechanics, lattice theory, conformal field theory, and matrix models. While extensively studied in quantum mechanics, this paper introduces a classical correspondence to the quantum bootstrap method, expanding its applicability to microcanonical ensembles. The study incorporates a novel approach, demonstrating stronger constraints by integrating additional information in phase space. Numerical examples, including the double well potential, harmonic oscillator, Coulomb potential, and non-relativistic Toda model, illustrate the method’s effectiveness in resolving unphysical energy regions and improving computational precision. These results highlight its potential as a powerful tool in computational physics and quantum computing.
Abstract Bootstrap methods, initially developed for solving statistical and quantum field theories, have recently been shown to capture the discrete spectrum of quantum mechanical problems, such as the single particle Schrödinger equation with an anharmonic potential. The core of bootstrap methods builds on exact recursion relations of arbitrary moments of some quantum operator and the use of an adequate set of positivity criteria. We extend this methodology to models with continuous Bloch band spectra, by considering a single quantum particle in a periodic cosine potential. We find that the band structure can be obtained accurately provided the bootstrap uses moments involving both position and momentum variables. We also introduce several new techniques that can apply generally to other bootstrap studies. First, we devise a trick to reduce by one unit the dimensionality of the search space for the variables parametrizing the bootstrap. Second, we employ statistical techniques to reconstruct the distribution probability allowing to compute observables that are analytic functions of the canonical variables. This method is used to extract the Bloch momentum, a quantity that is not readily available from the bootstrap recursion itself.
Abstract In this work we report on a new bootstrap method for quantum mechanical problems that closely mirrors the setup from conformal field theory (CFT). We use the equations of motion to develop an analogue of the conformal block expansion for matrix elements and impose crossing symmetry in order to place bounds on their values. The method can be applied to any quantum mechanical system with a local Hamiltonian, and we test it on an anharmonic oscillator model as well as the (1 + 1)-dimensional transverse field Ising model (TFIM). For the anharmonic oscillator model we show that a small number of crossing equations provides an accurate solution to the spectrum and matrix elements. For the TFIM we show that the Hamiltonian equations of motion, translational invariance and global symmetry selection rules imposes a rigorous bound on the gap and the matrix elements of TFIM in the thermodynamic limit. The bound improves as we consider larger systems of crossing equations, ruling out more finite-volume solutions. Our method provides a way to probe the low energy spectrum of an infinite lattice from the Hamiltonian rigorously and without approximation.
Recently, bootstrap methods from conformal field theory have been adapted for studying the energy spectrum of various quantum mechanical systems. In this paper, we consider the application of these methods in obtaining the spectrum from the Schr\"odinger equation with periodic potentials, paying particular attention to the Kronig-Penney model of a particle in a one-dimensional lattice. With an appropriate choice of operator basis involving position and momenta, we find that the bootstrap approach efficiently computes the band gaps of the energy spectrum but has trouble effectively constraining the minimum energy. We show how applying more complex constraints involving higher powers of momenta can potentially remedy such a problem. We also propose an approach for analytically constructing the dispersion relation associated with the Bloch momentum of the system.
The study of conformal symmetry is motivated through an example in statistical mechanics and then rigorously developed in quantum field theories in general spatial dimensions. In particular, primary fields are introduced as the fundamental objects of such theories and then studied in the formalism of radial quantization. The implications of conformal invariance on the functional form of correlation functions are studied in detail. Conformal blocks are defined and various approaches to their analytical and numerical calculation are presented with a special emphasis on the one-dimensional case. Building on these preliminaries, a modern formulation of the conformal bootstrap program and its various extensions are discussed. Examples are given in which bounds on the scaling dimensions in a one-dimensional theory are derived numerically. Using these results I motivate the technique of using the extremal functional bootstrap which I then develop in more detail. Many technical details are discussed and examples shown. After a brief discussion of conformal field theories with a boundary I apply numerical methods to find constraints on the spectrum of the 3D Ising model. Another application is presented in which I study the 4-point function on the boundary of a particular theory in Anti-de-Sitter space in order to approximate the mass spectrum of the theory.
The study of conformal symmetry is motivated through an example in statistical mechanics and then rigorously developed in quantum field theories in general spatial dimensions.In particular, primary fields are introduced as the fundamental objects of such theories and then studied in the formalism of radial quantization.The implications of conformal invariance on the functional form of correlation functions are studied in detail.Conformal blocks are defined and various approaches to their analytical and numerical calculation are presented with a special emphasis on the one-dimensional case.Building on these preliminaries, a modern formulation of the conformal bootstrap program and its various extensions are discussed.Examples are given in which bounds on the scaling dimensions in a one-dimensional theory are derived numerically.Using these results I motivate the technique of using the extremal functional bootstrap which I then develop in more detail.Many technical details are discussed and examples shown.After a brief discussion of conformal field theories with a boundary I apply numerical methods to find constraints on the spectrum of the 3D Ising model.Another application is presented in which I study the 4-point function on the boundary of a particular theory in Anti-de-Sitter space in order to approximate the mass spectrum of the theory.